RU217141U1 - Device for dumping ice-frost deposits from the wires of an overhead power line - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of electric power industry, namely to the means of combating ice-frost deposits on wires and lightning protection cables of overhead power lines (OL). The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the efficiency of preventing emergencies on overhead lines by damping the vibrations of the wire between its shaking, when there are no deposits or their weight does not reach the threshold value. The device contains a housing having a tubular wall (1), a cover (2) and a support flange (3), and a piston (4) installed in the housing, rigidly connected to the rod (5), which is fixed in the central hole (6) of the flange (3 ) with the possibility of vertical movement, a magnet (7) placed above the piston (4), a limiter (8) of the zone of vertical movement of the magnet (7) and a spring mechanism for holding, returning and damping the piston. In the zone of vertical movement of the magnet (7), the wall (1) is made with the possibility of its eddy current interaction with the magnet (7). The spring mechanism contains a spring (9) for holding and returning the piston and a shorter shock absorber spring (10) coaxially covering the rod (5). For eddy current interaction with the magnet (7), the wall (1) in the zone of vertical movement of the magnet (7) is made of a conductive non-magnetic material or contains a layer of such material. At least part of the wall (1) is made of a composite material. Spring-shock absorber (10) is placed inside the spring (9) and is made in the form of a composite belleville spring or helical spring or in the form of a group of helical springs. The limiter (8) is made in the form of a group of rods, vertically fixed on the magnet (7) with the possibility of resting against the shock absorber spring (10). 9 w.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the field of electric power industry, namely to the means of combating ice-frost deposits on wires and lightning protection cables of overhead power lines (OL). The proposed device is intended for automated dumping of deposits by mechanical shaking of the overhead line wire (in the context of this application, the term "overhead line wire" also applies to the ground wire).

State of the art

Ice-frost deposits (hereinafter - deposits) on the wires of overhead lines lead to multiple weighting of the wires, an increase in the mechanical load on the elements of the overhead line, which, in turn, can cause breakage of the wires, damage to the linear fittings and traverses of the overhead lines.

In addition, deposits contribute to the emergence and development of such a dangerous phenomenon as the dance of wires, which is the cause of a significant proportion of the most severe accidents. The most common and dangerous is the dance of wires, which occurs when there are asymmetrical deposits on the wire with a profile close to wing-shaped. At the same time, the dance begins to develop at a wind speed of 5 m/s and a thickness of deposits from 3 mm, the weight of which does not pose a threat in terms of mechanical strength. There are also cases when the dance of wires occurs under the influence of wind without deposits on the wires.

At low wind speeds, another phenomenon that is dangerous for wires and linear fittings may occur - wire vibration. In both cases, the vertical component dominates in the vibrations of the wire [https://www.asutpp.ru/vibratsiya-i-plyaska-provodov.html].

As a prototype, a device for removing icing from the wires of power lines, known from the patent [RU 128796, pub. May 27, 2013 (option according to claim 2 of the patent formula)].

The prototype contains a housing having a tubular wall, a cover and a support flange, and a piston installed in the housing, rigidly connected to the rod, which is fixed in the central hole of the support flange with the possibility of vertical movement, a magnet placed above the piston, a limiter for the vertical movement of the magnet and a spring mechanism retention, return and cushioning of the piston.

The prototype provides mechanical shaking of the wire with adhering deposits when they reach the threshold weight specified by the device parameters.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the device does not affect the oscillations of the wire, even if they are dangerous, until the device is triggered and the wire is shaken. This reduces the effectiveness of the prototype in preventing emergencies on overhead lines.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the efficiency of preventing emergencies on the overhead line route by damping wire vibrations between its shaking, when there are no deposits or their weight does not reach a threshold value.

The subject of the utility model is a device for discharging ice-frost deposits from the wires of an overhead power line, containing a housing having a tubular wall, a cover and a support flange, and a piston installed in the housing, rigidly connected to the rod, which is fixed in the central hole of the support flange with the possibility of vertical movement, a magnet placed above the piston, a limiter for the vertical movement zone of the magnet and a spring mechanism for holding, returning and damping the piston, characterized in that the tubular wall of the housing is configured to interact with the magnet in the area of its vertical movement.

This allows to obtain the above technical result.

The utility model has developments, which consist in the fact that:

- the magnet is made of neodymium;

- the tubular wall of the housing in the zone of vertical movement of the magnet is made of a conductive non-magnetic material or contains a layer of such a material;

- at least part of the wall of the tubular body is made of a composite material;

- the spring mechanism contains a spring for holding and returning the piston and a shorter spring-shock absorber, coaxially covering the rod, and the limiter of the zone of vertical movement of the magnet is made in the form of a group of rods vertically fixed on the magnet with the possibility of abutting against the spring-shock absorber;

- the shock absorber spring is located inside the piston retention and return spring.

- spring-shock absorber is made in the form of a composite disk spring;

- spring-shock absorber is made in the form of a helical spring or in the form of a group of helical springs.

Implementation of a utility model, taking into account its developments

In FIG. 1 shows an example of the design of the device, in Fig. 2 - device mounted on the traverse of the overhead line support.

In FIG. 1 marked:

- a body with a tubular wall 1, a cover 2 and a supporting flange 3;

- piston 4 rigidly connected with rod 5;

- the central hole 6 of the flange 3, in the hole 6 the rod 5 is fixed with the possibility of vertical movement;

- a permanent magnet 7, which is placed in a housing above the piston 4 and can be neodymium (i.e. made from an alloy of neodymium, iron and boron);

- limiter 8 of the zone of vertical movement of the magnet 7, made in the form of a group of rods fixed on the magnet 7 with the possibility of passing through the holes intended for them in the piston 4;

- spring 9 for holding and returning piston 4;

- spring 10 - shock absorber;

The upper part 11 of the wall 1 is made with the possibility of eddy current interaction with the magnet 7 in the zone of its vertical movement.

To do this, part 11 of the wall 1 can be made of conductive non-magnetic material (for example, copper, aluminum or their alloys) or contain a layer of such a material. In the latter case, part 11 of wall 1 can be made of a composite material (for example, fiberglass, basalt or carbon fiber), on which, at least in the zone of vertical movement of the magnet, a layer of conductive non-magnetic material is applied. The rest (lower) part 12 of the wall 1 can also be made of both metal alloys (for example, steel) and composite material. Thus, either one (any) of the parts 11, 12 of the wall 1 or the entire wall 1 can be made of a composite material. Cover 2 and flange 3 should preferably be made of metal.

In the exemplary embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 1, both springs 9 and 10, which are part of the spring mechanism, coaxially cover the stem 5 and are made in the form of compression springs. The helical spring 9 rests on the flange 3, the spring 10 is placed inside the spring 9 and rests on the pipe 13 fixed in the hole 6 of the flange 3, guiding the rod 5. The spring 10 can be of helical or disc type. Both springs 9 and 10 can be composite - in the form of a group of springs each.

The piston 4 is rigidly fixed on the upper end of the rod 5 and rests on the spring 9. The piston 4 has through holes for the passage of the limiter rods 8. The piston is adjacent to the inner side of the wall 1 and with a cylindrical shape of the wall 1 has the shape of a disk.

In other cases of implementation of the utility model, the spring mechanism and the limiter 8 can be made differently: for example, based on extension springs and internal protrusions on the wall 1, respectively, or use, as a prototype, both types of springs and the limiter 8 in the form of a pin passing through a hole in the cover 2.

In FIG. 2 additionally shown:

14 - traverse of the VL support;

15 - insulating suspension, fixed with coupling fittings at the lower end of the rod 5;

16 - wire VL, fixed on the suspension 15.

In addition, in FIG. 2 shows the wall 1, the cover 2 and the support flange 3 of the housing vertically mounted on the crosshead 14 (for example, using a mounting bracket 17).

The device functions as follows.

In the initial state (i.e. without load on the rod 5), the piston 4 is attracted to the magnet 7 and the spring 9, acting on the piston 4 from below, presses the magnet 7 to the cover 2 (Fig. 1).

To work on the overhead line, the device case is vertically mounted on the overhead line support, fixing the flange 3 on the traverse 14 (or mounting bracket 17) using bolted connections using holes 18 in the flange 3. A suspension 15 with a wire 16 is attached to the lower end of the rod 5 (Fig. 2).

In the absence or slight fluctuations of the wire 16, the device operates as follows. Under the weight of the wire 16 and the suspension 15, the piston 4 together with the magnet 7 descends, partially compressing the spring 9 so that the limiter 8 does not reach the spring 10 (or the washer 19 covering it, if it is installed). In this case, the suspension 15 with the wire 16 is freely suspended on the spring 9, so that the piston 4 with the magnet 7 can move freely up (until the magnet 7 stops in the cover 2) and down until the stop rods of the limiter 8 in the spring 10 (or in the washer 19 covering the spring 10).

With an increase in the weight of deposits on the wire 16, the spring 9 is compressed so much that the rods of the limiter 8 abut against the spring 10 (or against the washer 19).

With a further increase in the weight of deposits on wire 16, piston 4, together with suspension 15 suspended from rod 5 and wire 16, is held by the force of attraction to magnet 7. When the weight of deposits on wire 16 reaches a threshold value, piston 4 breaks away from magnet 7. Sliding along the limiter rods 8 , piston 4 compresses spring 9 (having a relatively low rigidity) and falls on spring 10 (or washer 19). The spring 10, absorbing the impact of the piston 4, provides a safe factor for the device overload that occurs when the piston 4 abruptly stops, falling together with the suspension 15 and wire 16. , adhering to the wire 16 deposits. After resetting or reducing the weight of deposits on wire 16, spring 9 lifts piston 4 with rod 5, suspension 15 with wire 16, so that magnet 7 and piston 4 are again attracted to each other and are held by spring 9 in the zone of vertical movement and eddy current interaction of magnet 7 with wall 1.

In the presence of vibrations of the wire 16, preceding the dangerous development of low-frequency vibration or dancing of the wires, the vertical component of the forces that cause these vibrations, directed along the axis of the housing, is transmitted through the rod 5 to the piston 4 and the magnet 7 attracted to it, which, together with the piston 4, performs reciprocating movement. Since in the zone of vertical movement of the magnet 7 wall 1 is made with the possibility of eddy current interaction with the magnet 7, the magnet 7 moving in this zone is affected by a braking force directed opposite to the forces that cause reciprocating movements of the piston. The braking effect of eddy current interaction is described in more detail, for example, in the patent [RU 2762760 pub. 29.11.21], where it is used for damping vehicle suspension oscillations.

With an increase in the vertical component of the oscillations of the wire 16 and, accordingly, the speed of the piston (on which the braking force depends linearly), the eddy current interaction leads to a corresponding increase in the braking force. The energy expended by the moving piston to overcome this force is taken away from the vibration energy of the wire 16, preventing their further development with the transition to such dangerous phenomena as low-frequency vibration or wire dance.

The vibration damping efficiency of wire 16 increases:

- when used as magnet 7, a neodymium magnet having a large coercive force, since the braking force is in quadratic dependence on the value of the magnetic field induction generated by the coercive force of the magnet;

- when approaching the shape of the amplitude-frequency characteristic (AFC) of the oscillations of the piston 4 (together with the magnet 7 and the suspension and wire 16 fixed on the rod 5) to the shape of the frequency response of the natural vibrations of the wire 16 in the span of the overhead line. (The values of the frequency response of the piston oscillations at the frequencies of the main harmonics determine the stiffness of the spring 9);

- with an increase in the share of the energy of the wire oscillations, extinguished during the eddy current interaction of the magnet 7 with the conductive part of the wall 1. (This share is proportional to the work done by the moving piston 4 to overcome the braking force that occurs during the eddy current interaction).

As follows from the above, the design of the proposed device for dumping ice-frost deposits from the wires of a power line, containing a housing having a tubular wall 1, a cover 2 and a support flange 3, and a piston 4 installed in the housing, rigidly connected to the rod 5, which is fixed in the central hole 6 of the flange 3 with the possibility of vertical movement, the magnet 7, placed above the piston, the limiter 8 of the vertical movement of the magnet 7 and the spring mechanism for holding, returning and damping the piston, improves the efficiency of preventing emergencies on the overhead line by damping the vibrations of the wire 16 during periods between its shaking, due to the fact that the wall 1 is made with the possibility of its eddy current interaction with the magnet 7 in the zone of its vertical movement.

Claims (10)

1. A device for dumping ice-frost deposits from the wires of an overhead power line, containing a housing having a tubular wall, a cover and a support flange, and a piston installed in the housing, the rod of which is fixed in the central hole of the support flange with the possibility of vertical movement, a magnet placed above a piston, a limiter for the vertical movement zone of the magnet and a spring mechanism for holding, returning and damping the piston, characterized in that the tubular wall of the housing is configured to eddy current interaction with the magnet in the zone of its vertical movement. 2. The device according to claim. 1, in which the magnet is made of neodymium alloy. 3. The device according to claim 1, in which the tubular wall of the housing in the zone of vertical movement of the magnet is made of a conductive non-magnetic material. 4. The device according to claim 1, in which the tubular wall of the housing in the zone of vertical movement of the magnet contains a layer of conductive non-magnetic material. 5. The device according to claim. 4, in which at least a part of the tubular wall of the housing is made of a composite material. 6. The device according to claim. 1, in which the spring mechanism contains a spring for holding and returning the piston and a shorter spring-shock absorber, coaxially covering the rod, and the limiter of the zone of vertical movement of the magnet is made in the form of a group of rods vertically fixed on the magnet with the possibility of abutting against the spring - shock absorber. 7. The device according to claim 6, in which the shock absorber spring is located inside the piston retention and return spring. 8. The device according to claim. 6, in which the shock absorber spring is made in the form of a composite disk spring. 9. The device according to claim 6, in which the shock absorber spring is made in the form of a helical spring. 10. The device according to claim 6, in which the shock absorber spring is made in the form of a group of helical springs.

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