RU2170539C1 - Apparatus for providing optimal posiiton of body and neck in sitting position (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of furniture. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has supporting member composed of two layers of symmetrical shape or of aircraft wing profile shape, with flexure depth of 0-50 cm in horizontal transverse section and layers rigidity ratio of 1:1.2 -1:3. Rear carrier layer is provided with vertical trough of 2-8 cm width and 0.5-3 cm depth. Apparatus is further equipped with casing and attachment devices. Apparatus is designed for furniture, preferably, chairs for operators, school furniture, vehicle driver's armchairs. Apparatus provides for optimal posture, without arising stress in lumbar muscles, optimal body and neck biomechanics in user's sitting position, improved blood circulation and increased working capacity for user. EFFECT: increased efficiency, simplified construction and convenient usage. 5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to furniture, in particular to devices for sitting, mainly to operator chairs, the backs of which have a lumbar support element, and can also be used in school furniture chairs to develop proper posture, in drivers' chairs to relieve muscle tension and load on the spine with prolonged sitting.

 The degree of muscle tension and the load on the spine in a seated person largely depend on the form of his sitting. When sitting on an ordinary non-ergonomic chair or chair, a person first tries to maintain a direct posture by straining the lumbar muscles, then, as a result of fatigue, begins to slouch, resulting in kyphosis in the lower back, chest kyphosis and cervical lordosis intensifies, the lower back moves all the way to the back the back of the seat. With this landing, the tension of the muscles of the neck, shoulder girdle, lower back increases significantly, the load on the vertebrae and discs of all parts of the spine increases. This leads to inflammatory and dystrophic processes in the spine, muscles, ligaments, and the functioning of segmental innervated organs and body systems is disrupted. In the hunched position, the work of the diaphragm is sharply disrupted, causing venous congestion in the pelvis and lower extremities, microcirculation and passive peristalsis of the abdominal organs. Muscle stiffness and pain significantly reduce performance and quality of life.

 To maintain optimal posture without tension of the lumbar muscles, it is necessary to provide back support in the form of a special protruding support at the level of the third to fifth vertebrae, which will completely switch the load from the lower back muscles to the abdominal press. The neck, extended far beyond the center of gravity in case of improper fit, will return to the neutral position, which will ensure the removal of static tension from the muscles of the neck and shoulders. Straightening the back reduces pressure in the abdominal cavity and makes the diaphragm fully functional.

 Known anatomical pillows for supporting the back to the seats when sitting, made of elastic material having embossed protrusions and means of attachment - utility model of the Russian Federation N 9145, class. A 61 F 5/34, 1999, German patent N 4117768, class. A 61 F 5/30, 1992, UK application N 2117235, cl. A 47 C 7/42, 1983.

 The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a device for ensuring the optimal position of the trunk and neck in a sitting position, containing a support element of approximately rectangular shape in the frontal plane with front, support, and rear, bearing layers with different physical properties, equipped with a cover and fastening means, - application of France N 2589701, cl. A 47 C 7/40, 1988.

 However, the known supporting devices are not convenient enough and comfortable, do not adequately reduce the tension of the lumbar muscles and, accordingly, reduce the vertical load on the lumbar vertebrae.

 The objective of the invention is to ensure optimal posture without tension of the lumbar muscles, optimal biomechanics of the trunk and neck in a sitting position, providing convenience and comfort, which improves blood circulation and increases efficiency, prevention of venous stasis.

 The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the device for ensuring the optimal position of the trunk and neck, containing a support element of approximately rectangular shape in the frontal plane with front, support, and rear, bearing layers with different physical properties, equipped with a cover and fastening means , the support element in the Central vertical section is essentially the shape of an airplane wing or is made symmetrical, the front surface of each layer in a vertical cross section it has a curved convex shape, in the horizontal cross section the front and rear surfaces of both layers are approximately parallel to the depth of deflection of the front surface in the central horizontal section from 0 to 50 cm, the back bearing layer of the support element has the same thickness and a gutter 2- wide along the vertical axis 8 cm and a depth of 0.5 to 3 cm, and the upper front support layer is made covering the rear bearing layer, at least from three sides - front, top and bottom, while both layers are made of elastic mat rial, which stiffness ratio ranges from 1: 1.2 to 1: 3 between the front and rear layers, respectively.

 The supporting element has a slight thickening from the center to the sides, the supporting surface of the front layer is made tuberous or wavy to create a ventilation and massage effect.

 Means for securing the support member include vertical and / or horizontal belts or elastic bands or Velcro tapes.

 In FIG. 1 shows a support element on the back of a chair, FIG. 2 is a variant of a support element in a symmetrical design, in FIG. 3 is an embodiment of a support member in the form of an airplane wing profile; FIG. 4 - a supporting element in longitudinal section, in FIG. 5 - support element in asymmetry.

 A device for ensuring the optimal position of the trunk and neck in a sitting position contains a support element 1 of approximately rectangular cross-sectional shape in the frontal plane with the front, support 2, and rear, bearing 3, layers with different physical properties. The support element is provided with a cover and fastening means (but shown in the drawings), which include vertical and / or horizontal belts or elastic bands, or Velcro tapes.

 In a central vertical section, the support element in one embodiment has the shape of an airplane wing profile (Fig. 3), and in another embodiment, the support element is symmetrical (Fig. 2).

 The front surface of each layer in a vertical cross section has a curved convex shape, in the horizontal cross section, the front and rear surfaces of both layers are approximately parallel with the depth of the front surface in the central horizontal section from 0 to 50 cm.

 The back supporting layer 3 of the support element has the same thickness and the trough 4 located along the vertical axis is 2-8 cm wide and 0.5 to 3 cm deep.

 The front support layer is made covering the back, the carrier layer, at least from three sides - front, top and bottom.

 Both layers 2, 3 of the support element are made of an elastic material, in particular polyurethane foam, which has ideal mechanical properties, high chemical stability and durability. The ratio of the stiffnesses of the layers ranges from 1: 1.2 to 1: 3 between the front and rear layers, respectively.

 The support element has small thickenings 5 from the center to the sides. The supporting surface 6 of the front layer 2 can be made hilly or wavy (not shown in the drawing) to create a ventilation and massage effect.

 In light of the increase in the sitting time of each person, the increase in the number of people working in the sitting position, the prevalence of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, causing significant economic damage, the urgency of creating orthopedic devices to ensure optimal biomechanics of the trunk and neck in the sitting position is very high .

 The two-layer structure of the support element with experimentally established limits of the ratio of the stiffnesses of the layers between the front and rear layers ensures its reliability due to the carrier layer and comfort due to the front softer layer.

 Due to the presence of a vertical gutter, the dimensions of which were determined experimentally by statistical methods, which make it possible to capture the most complete difference in the composition of people, pressure is relieved from the supporting spinous processes of the spine, which reduces trauma to the skin.

 The support element according to the invention does not have pronounced thickenings on the sides, since most of the seating devices are chairs, chairs practically have their own bend of the horizontal back deflection.

The support element in the embodiment in the form of a profile of an airplane wing in a segmental plane has different angles of tangents to the front support surface and can be used in two positions with a 180 ^° turn.

 The fastening means allow the support element to be moved along the back of the chair depending on the configuration of the chair and the composition of the user.

Claims (5)

 1. Device for ensuring the optimal position of the trunk and / or neck in a sitting position, containing a support element of approximately rectangular shape in the frontal plane with a front support and rear bearing layers having different physical properties, provided with a cover and fastening means, characterized in that the support element in the central vertical section is essentially the profile of the airplane wing, the front surface of each layer in a vertical cross section has a curved convex shape, in the horizontal In the horizontal cross section, the front and rear surfaces of both layers are approximately parallel with the depth of deflection of the front surface in the central horizontal section from 0 to 50 cm, the rear bearing layer of the support element has the same thickness and a groove located along the vertical axis with a width of 2 - 8 cm and a depth of 0, 5 to 3 cm, and the front support layer is made covering the rear bearing layer, at least from three sides - front, top and bottom, while both layers are made of elastic material, the stiffness ratio of which lies in the pre matters from 1: 1.2 to 1: 3 between the front and back layers, respectively.  2. A device for ensuring an optimal position of the trunk and neck in a sitting position, containing a support element of approximately rectangular shape in the frontal plane with a front support and rear support layers having different physical properties, provided with a cover and fastening means, characterized in that the support element is in the central the vertical section is symmetrical, the front surface of each layer in a vertical cross section has a curved convex shape, in a horizontal cross section The front and rear surfaces of both layers are approximately parallel with the depth of deflection of the front surface in the central horizontal section from 0 to 50 cm, the rear bearing layer of the support element has the same thickness and a gutter located along the vertical axis with a width of 2 - 8 cm and a depth of 0.5 to 3 cm, and the front support layer is made covering the rear bearing layer from at least three sides - front, top and bottom, while both layers are made of elastic material, the ratio of stiffness of which lies in the range from 1: 1.2 to 1: 3 between the front m and rear layers, respectively.  3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supporting element has a slight thickening from the center to the sides.  4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supporting surface of the front layer is made hilly or wavy to create a ventilation and massage effect.  5. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the fastening means include vertical and / or horizontal belts, or elastic bands, or Velcro tapes.

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