RU2170478C1 - Multiband zigzag-shaped loop antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: broad- band ultrahigh- and very-high-frequency antennas. SUBSTANCE: antenna using loop and, in particular, zigzag radiators in its operation and designed for operating in television transmission and communication systems, as well as in other fields of application and other wavelengths where capability of operation in broad band and small transversal dimensions (planar design in direction of radiation) are essential has at least one more or several geometrically smaller zigzag-shaped loop radiators for shorter-wave high-frequency bands; radiators are electrically interconnected in series through communication link and phasing lines or in parallel through frequency-selecting filters, or in parallel and in series and supplied with power from feeder; planes of zigzag-shaped loop radiators operating in some wavelength bands are spaced through 0.1- 0.15 of maximal wavelength of respective band from reflector surface. EFFECT: reduced space requirement, facilitated manufacture. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to broadband antennas of the meter and decimeter wavelength ranges, using loop and, in particular, zigzag emitters, and is applicable in television transmission systems, communication systems and other fields and other wavelength ranges where large broadband and flatness are important designs in the direction of radiation.

 Known antennas for receiving signals of the meter and decimeter wavelength ranges using a symmetrical half-wave vibrator or loop and, in particular, a loop zigzag emitter and a flat passive reflector [1-6].

 Known antennas for long-distance television reception [5], the combination of antennas of various ranges, in particular the meter and decimeter ranges of television, in one design [2] and antennas of different sections of the meter range in radio communication [3].

A disadvantage of the known antennas [1-3] and antenna systems [5] is the difficulty of combining in space several antennas operating in different wavelength ranges with a broadband of the order of two [1, 2, 6], which is typical for television ranges, where
"A" band: minF = 48.5 MHz; maxF = 100 MHz and broadband Kf = 2.0;
"In" range: minF = 150 MHz; maxF = 280 MHz and broadband Kf = 2.0;
"D" band: minF = 470 MHz; maxF = 935 MHz and broadband Kf = 2.0.

 The closest in technical essence and selected as a prototype is a loop zigzag antenna with a loop zigzag emitter, communication lines and phasing, power feeder and reflector [5].

The disadvantages of the prototype:
1. The difficulty of combining in the space of antennas of several ranges without a significant increase in the overall geometric dimensions.

 2. The difficulty of connecting the antennas spaced in space to one receiver.

 3. The complexity of the mutual optimization of antennas of various ranges, especially for long-distance reception of a television signal.

 The claimed technical solution in the application to the antennas of the meter and decimeter wavelength ranges is aimed at creating a compact, technological and planar in the direction of radiation design of a multi-band loop zigzag antenna with a broadband of at least two (Kf = 2.0) and, in particular, for receiving long-distance television in meter and decimeter wavelength ranges.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the well-known loop zigzag antenna [5], including a loop zigzag emitter, communication lines and phasing, a power feeder and reflector, a multi-band loop zigzag antenna (Fig. 1-3) contains at least one or several geometrically smaller loop zigzag emitters (2) of higher frequency ranges, the geometric dimensions of which are proportional to each other in proportion to the wavelengths of the ranges, moreover, electrically emitters of different ranges are connected m I am waiting for myself in series through communication and phasing lines (3), or in parallel through frequency-selection filters (4), or in parallel-in-series and powered from the feed feeder (6), and the location planes of looped zigzag emitters (1, 2) of individual length ranges waves are separated from the web of the reflector (5) at a distance of 0.1 - 0.15 of the maximum wavelength of the corresponding wavelength range.

 The proposed technical solution is illustrated using FIG. thirteen.

 In FIG. 1 shows a design of a multi-band loop-fed zigzag antenna with parallel power supply.

 In FIG. 2 shows the design of a multi-band loop zigzag antenna with series power supply (projection of the front view from the side of the emitters and side).

 In FIG. 3 shows a design of a multi-band loop zigzag antenna with another loop zigzag emitter.

In FIG. 1 - 3 and the following notation is used in the text:
1 - a geometrically larger loop zigzag emitter to a lower frequency - longer wavelength range (put in television range "A"),
2 - geometrically smaller loop zigzag emitters to less low-frequency - less long-wavelength ranges compared to the first (1) (put in television ranges "B" or "D" compared to "A")
3 - communication lines and phasing of emitters,
4 - frequency selection filters,
5 - cloth reflector,
6 - power feeder.

 Thus, the inventive device (Fig. 1 - 3) - a multi-band loop zigzag antenna - contains at least one or more geometrically smaller loop zigzag emitters 2, the planes of which are spaced from the canvas of the reflector 5 at a distance of 0.1 - 0.15 the maximum wavelength of the corresponding wavelength range, which are nested one into the other - 1 and 2 and are interconnected using communication lines and phasing 3 and frequency-selecting filters 4, as well as with the feeder 6.

 The device operates as follows.

 When receiving signals of the low-frequency range of wavelengths, signals are received at a geometrically larger loop-shaped zigzag emitter 1 (Figs. 1–3), from which they are transmitted through frequency-selection filters 4 in the case of parallel power supply or through communication and phasing lines 3 and loop-shaped zigzag emitters more high-frequency (less long-wavelength) ranges 2 to the feeder power 6. When receiving signals of higher frequency ranges, the reception is carried out, respectively, geometrically smaller loop zigzag emitters 2, which are located inside a geometrically larger loop-shaped zigzag emitter 1 and, respectively, closer to the web of the reflector 5. In this case, in the case of parallel power supply, the signals are transmitted from the emitters through frequency selection filters 4 to the feeder 6. In the case of serial power supply, the signals go directly feeding feeder 6. In this case, a low-frequency radiator connected to a higher-frequency radiator serves as a short-circuit load for it.

 The location of the antenna emitters allows you to apply options for mixed parallel-sequential power supply from the feeder feeding 6, that is, part of the emitters of a multi-band loop zigzag antenna are fed in series, and other emitters are powered in parallel.

 One possible embodiment of a multiband loop zigzag antenna with another loop zigzag emitter is shown in FIG. 3, where the loop zigzag emitter 2 of the higher frequency range is located inside only one loop of the lower frequency loop zigzag emitter 2 with parallel power supply from the feeder 6.

 The reflector 5 of a multi-band loop zigzag antenna is common, flat, passive, and the web of the reflector 5 is a plane made of a grid or parallel wires with a distance between them of no more than 0.05 of the minimum wavelength [2, 4, 6] of the highest frequency, short-wave range, or the condition is satisfied for parts of the web of the reflector 5, which are located directly against the loop zigzag emitters 1, 2 of the corresponding wavelength ranges, and the planes of the loop zigzag emitters 1, 2 are separate bands are spaced from the webs of the reflector 5 at a distance of 0.1 - 0.15 of the maximum wavelength corresponding to the wavelength range. When using an antenna without a reflector, its gain will decrease by about three decibels [1, 2, 4-6].

Using the invention will allow:
- to create a compact and technological design of a flat multi-band loop zigzag loop antenna with small transverse dimensions, suitable for use as an all-band television antenna for long-distance television reception in the meter and decimeter wavelength ranges, in communication systems, etc.

LITERATURE
1. Gevela N.P., Istrashkin A.D., Muravyov Yu.K., Serov V.P. Antennas, Part 2, Leningrad, 1963.

 2. Borichuk G.I., Bulych V.I. Radio amateur about television antennas. - M.: DOSAAF USSR, 1977.

 3. Bankovsky Z., Lepinsky E. Amateur antennas of short and ultrashort waves. - M .: Radio and communications, 1983.

 4. Kharchenko K.P. VHF antennas. - M .: DOSAAF, 1969.

 5. Sotnikov S.K. Long-range television reception. - M.: Energy, 1964.

 6. Kismereshkin V.P. Television antennas for individual reception. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1982.

Claims (1)

 A multi-band loop zigzag antenna comprising a loop zigzag emitter, communication and phasing lines, a power feeder and a reflector, characterized in that the device comprises at least one or more geometrically smaller loop zigzag emitters of higher frequency ranges, the geometrical dimensions of which are proportional to each other in proportion to the lengths waves of ranges, moreover, electrically emitters of various ranges are interconnected in series through communication lines and phases of the signal, either in parallel through frequency-selective filters or in parallel-series and powered from the feed feeder, and the planes of the loop zigzag emitters of individual wavelength ranges are separated from the reflector web at a distance of 0.1 ... 0.15 of the maximum wavelength of the corresponding length range waves.

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