RU2170139C1 - Method for acceleration of gas-phase exothermic reactions at low temperatures and device for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: designing and production of combustion chambers, in chemical, petrochemical, automobile industries, in laser engineering, in equipment and industry, where cleaning of exhaust gases from harmful impurities is required. SUBSTANCE: the method for acceleration of gas-phase reactions at low temperatures between gaseous components consists in the fact that the mixture of reacting gases and buffer, neutral component is so selected that the vibrating levels of molecules of the reacting gases would be close to the vibrating levels of molecules of the buffer, neutral gas, as well as to the vibrating levels of molecules being the reaction product. Then agitation of the components at the monomolecular level is accomplished, the parameters of the buffer and reacting components are selected and maintained in the process of reaction within the preset range for creation of conditions of self-accelerating reaction at a low static temperature. Conditions are created when vibrational energy is accumulated in the gas mixture due to chemical reactions, which is transferred to the molecules of the reacting gases thereby accelerating the chemical reactions. This, in turn, results in a growth of the quantity of molecules formed as a result of reaction and an increase of vibrational energy in the mixture of gases and in a further acceleration of reaction. An explosive burn-out of fuel takes place, and it occurs at a low static temperature. The device for acceleration of gas-phase reactions at low temperatures has in the combustion chamber a mixing unit of injected gas to the main gas flow, which is made in the form of a number of tubes with orifices uniformly distributed in the section of the main gas flow. The axes of the blown in injected gas are positioned within a range of angles from 0 to 120 deg. relative to the direction of the main gas flow. Besides, a turbolizer, made in the form of a grate of gas-dynamic nozzles, or in the form of a comb of bars or net, is installed down gas flow. The typical dimension of orifices of the turbolizer (d) is selected proceeding from condition d < τ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{chem}}$ (u/ν)³D $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{м}}$ , where τ_chem - the rate of chemical reaction of reacting gases, u - the rate of gas mixture, ν -the kinematic viscosity of gas mixture, D_M - the coefficient of molecular diffusion of mixing gases. EFFECT: enhanced quality of cleaning of exhaust gases. 5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the fields of: chemistry, chemical technology, laser technology, industrial production and, in particular, can be used:
- in the design and construction of combustion chambers, furnaces operating on liquid, gaseous and solid hydrocarbon fuels;
- in the chemical industry, where gas-phase reactions are used;
- in the automotive industry when creating thermal converters of harmful impurities of exhaust gases;
- in the technique of creating devices for the thermal neutralization of harmful impurities in the exhaust gases of industrial facilities;
- in laser technology.

 A known method of accelerating gas-phase chemical reactions at low temperatures using reaction chambers in which reacting gases are irradiated by an electron stream [1].

The disadvantages of this method include:
- significant additional energy costs;
- the need to use expensive high-voltage equipment requiring highly qualified service;
- the need for radiation protection against x-rays;
- low resource life of the equipment and the complexity of its maintenance;
- high cost of the method.

 A known method of accelerating gas-phase reactions at low temperatures using catalysts made using rare earth elements, noble metals and other complex substances [2]. However, the use of catalysts significantly increases the cost of the process, in addition, during operation, the catalysts become clogged with mechanical impurities, lose their active properties and have a low service life.

The closest to the present invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of autothermal purification of air from impurities of organic substances and CO, based on passing air with impurities of organic substances and CO with an input temperature of 20 ^o C through a fixed layer of inert granular material with a grain size of 1 - 20 mm, for example, from carborundum or quartz, heated to a temperature of 900 - 1000 ^o C, while periodically changing the direction of transmission of gas to the opposite [3].

The disadvantages of this method include:
- the physics of the phenomena of chemical reactions is not explained at all, and, therefore, it is impossible to determine in advance the optimal parameters of the reacting gases, the possibility of accelerating reactions at low temperature, the composition and concentration of reaction products;
- long duration of the process and, as a result, low productivity;
- the inability to use this method for other chemical reactions;
- the need to use additional heaters of high power;
- the inability to use for continuous technological processes with flowing gases.

 A known installation for cleaning exhaust gases from impurities of organic substances and CO, containing components and devices typical for existing technological processes: an inert filler reaction chamber, a heating device, shutoff and control valves, inlet and outlet pipelines [8].

The disadvantages of this installation are listed in detail above and, in addition, the use of such a device will be difficult for the following reasons:
- over time, the inert filler will be contaminated with mechanical impurities and solid combustion products;
- the economic profitability of the operation of such an installation will be low.

 The aim of the invention is the acceleration of gas-phase reactions at low temperatures (600-1000 K) compared with typical 1600-2000 K, providing high completeness of combustion of fuel and harmful substances in the exhaust gases, as well as increasing productivity and significantly reducing the cost of the process.

 The proposed method for accelerating exothermic gas-phase reactions at low temperatures is based on the fact that in the general case, the rate of a chemical reaction depends not only on the static temperature of the gas mixture, but also on the vibrational temperatures (internal energy) of the gas molecules reacting with each other. In a mixture of reacting gases, containing possibly also a buffer, neutral gas, under optimal parameters and certain conditions, the following scheme of the course of physicochemical processes is possible. The newly formed gas molecules, which are the product of the reaction of the reacting components, transfer part of the vibrational energy stored in them during the chemical reaction when they collide with the buffer, neutral gas molecules, as well as with the molecules of the reacting gases in which this energy accumulates. Then, when the buffer gas molecules collide with the molecules of one or more reacting gases, they transfer part of the stored vibrational energy, transferring them to an excited state and increasing the vibrational temperature of the molecules. In this case, the rate of chemical reactions increases sharply, a greater number of gas molecules are produced, which is a reaction product, the amount of stored vibrational energy increases, which is transferred to molecules of reacting gases in a larger volume. An avalanche-like process of accelerating reactions at low static temperatures occurs, leading to explosive combustion. Under certain conditions, one of the reacting gases can also be used as a buffer storage of vibrational energy, but in this case, its initial concentration should be high, and as this gas is consumed during reactions, the effect of an avalanche-like acceleration of reactions stops and the reaction gases do not burn out completely. In order for such a reaction to occur, it is necessary to select a suitable gas mixture and supply reacting and buffer gases to the mixing device with the specified optimal parameters, and create certain conditions in the monomolecular gas mixing zone described below.

Patent research, analysis of scientific and technical literature showed that the proposed method for accelerating gas-phase reactions at low temperatures and a device for its implementation are currently not described anywhere,
This goal is achieved by the fact that such a mixture of reacting gases is selected when the molecules of the component that is the reaction product have vibrational levels close to the vibrational levels of the molecules of at least one of the reacting components, then they arrange jet mixing of the reacting components in the gas stream, while their parameters are selected and maintained during the course of the reaction in a given range so that, in the mixing zone of the components at the monomolecular level, Referring conditions - the mixing of components was no more time chemical reactions between molecules of the reactants; the time of chemical reactions between the molecules of the reacting components was no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction; the time of transfer of vibrational energy from the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction to the molecules of one of the reacting components should be no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction; the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of one of the reacting components must be not less than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is a reaction product; the transfer time of vibrational energy from the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction to the molecules of one or more reacting components should be no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the reaction product, as well as the molecules of one or more reacting components; the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of one or more reacting components must be at least the time of the entire chain of chemical reactions for the formation of the molecules of the component that is the reaction product; the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of one or more reacting components must be at least the flight time of the mixture of components of the induction zone and the reaction zone.

 In addition, a buffer, neutral gas is added to the mixture of components, the molecules of which have vibrational levels close to the vibrational levels of the molecules of the reaction product component and the vibrational levels of the molecules of at least one of the reacting components, then jet mixing of the reacting components into gas flow, while their parameters are selected and maintained during the course of the reaction in a given range so that in the mixing zone of the components on the monomolec At the local level, the conditions were fulfilled — the mixing time of the components was no more than the time of chemical reactions between the molecules of the reacting components; the time of chemical reactions between the molecules of the reacting components was no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction; the transfer time of vibrational energy from the molecules of the component that is the reaction product to the molecules of the buffer component should be no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the reaction product; the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the buffer component should be not less than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is a reaction product; the time of transfer of vibrational energy from the molecules of the buffer component to the molecules of one or more reacting components should be no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the buffer component, as well as the molecules of one or more reacting components; the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of one or more reacting components should be at least the time of the entire chain of chemical reactions for the formation of the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction; the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the buffer component should be at least the flight time of the mixture of components of the induction zone and the reaction zone.

Consider this as an example of the gross reaction 2CO + O ₂ + N ₂ = 2CO ₂ + N ₂ .

1. The buffer gas N ₂ added to the mixture of reacting gases CO and O ₂ has a characteristic temperature of the lower vibrational level of 3354 K, which is close to the lower vibrational level of the antisymmetric mode (001) of the carbon dioxide molecule CO ₂ (3380 K), which is the product of the gas reaction CO and O ₂ . At the same time, the lower vibrational level of the N ₂ molecule is quite close to the lower vibrational level of the combustible CO (3084 K) molecule, and in addition, the lower vibrational level of the antisymmetric mode (001) of the carbon dioxide molecule CO ₂ (3380 K) is close to the lower vibrational level of reacting gas CO (3084 K).

Such a close arrangement of the vibrational levels of the molecules of these gases allows one to fundamentally accumulate vibrational energy from newly formed CO ₂ molecules in nitrogen and transfer it to combustible CO molecules, as well as directly from CO ₂ molecules to CO molecules for times shorter than the vibrational energy relaxation times from CO ₂ molecules, CO, N ₂ . In addition, at high concentrations, CO can also serve as a storage gas of vibrational energy.

2. The parameters of the buffer and reacting components are selected and maintained during the course of the reaction in a given range based on the conditions that in the mixing zone of the components at the monomolecular level the following conditions are met:
a) The mixing time of the components at the monomolecular level was no more than the time of chemical reactions between the molecules of the reacting components.

 In this case, a natural requirement is put forward that gas mixing at the monomolecular level is faster than the rates of chemical reactions. Otherwise, the stored vibrational energy in the molecules due to chemical reactions will have time to relax and a self-accelerating reaction will not work.

 b) The time of the chemical reaction between the molecules of the reacting components was no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction.

This condition means, for example, that the rate of formation of CO ₂ molecules in the reaction should be greater than the rate of relaxation of the vibrational energy of the same molecule after its formation, which would provide the possibility of accumulation of vibrational energy.

 c) The time of transfer of vibrational energy from the molecules of the component that is the reaction product to the molecules of the buffer component or to the molecules of one of the reacting components should be no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the reaction product.

For this specific example, when a newly formed vibrationally excited CO ₂ molecule collides with nitrogen molecules due to the selected concentration and initial parameters of the mixture, conditions are created when a large fraction of the vibrational energy is transferred to nitrogen and CO. In the case when another reacting component is used as a storage of vibrational energy, then the above requirement is put forward to it.

 d) The relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the buffer component or molecules of one of the reacting components - the storage of vibrational energy must be not less than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the reaction product.

This condition corresponds to the fact that due to the selected gas parameters, conditions are created for the transfer of vibrational energy from newly formed CO ₂ molecules to nitrogen or to CO and its accumulation in them.

 d) The time of transfer of vibrational energy from the molecules of the buffer component or from the molecules of the component that is the reaction product to the molecules of one or more reacting components should be no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the buffer component, as well as the molecules of one or more reacting components.

This condition means that in the collision of combustible CO molecules with nitrogen molecules, a significant proportion of the stored vibrational energy in N ₂ must be transferred to CO molecules or, in the absence of a buffer gas, the vibrational energy is transferred directly from CO ₂ molecules to CO molecules.

 f) The relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of one or more reacting components must be at least the time of the entire chain of chemical reactions, the formation of the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction.

This fact means that after the transfer of vibrational energy from nitrogen to fuel (CO), vibrationally excited CO molecules must be present in the entire chain and throughout the course of the reactions of formation of CO ₂ .

 g) The relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the buffer component or molecules of one or more reacting components must be at least the flight time of the mixture of components of the induction zone and the reaction zone.

 This natural requirement is necessary that throughout the induction zone and the reaction zone, the fuel or oxidizer molecules are fed with vibrational energy from the buffer gas "reservoir".

 The implementation of the method.

 If all of the above requirements are fulfilled, conditions are created when the vibrational energy of the newly formed molecules, which are the reaction product, is transferred to the buffer gas molecules and “frozen” in it for some time. Further, this vibrational energy is transferred to the molecules of the fuel or oxidizer, translating them into an excited state. For vibrationally excited molecules of an oxidizing agent or fuel, due to the presence of vibrational temperature in the exponential factor of the velocity coefficient, the reaction rate increases sharply and the number of molecules that are a reaction product increases. This, in turn, leads to an increase in the stored vibrational energy in the gas mixture and to an increase in the "pumping" of fuel or oxidizer molecules. There is an avalanche-like process of increasing the reaction rate, and the burning of this type of fuel is carried out in an explosive way.

 The implementation of the device.

 The drawing shows a diagram of a device for implementing the proposed method.

 A device for accelerating gas-phase reactions at low temperatures includes a combustion chamber 1, a mixing unit with injectors for injecting gas into the main gas stream 2, a gas flow turbulator 3, a heating device for one of the components of the reacting gases 4, shut-off and control valves 5, supply systems components of reacting and buffer neutral gases 6, 7, as well as, if necessary, an additional fuel supply system 8.

One of the reacting gases 7 is fed into the combustion chamber 1, if necessary through a heat exchanger 4, and a uniform flow of the main gas 9 is created, which enters the input of the mixing device with injectors 2. Another component of the reacting gas 6 is injected through the injector device, while the neutral buffer gas can fed into the mixture of the main stream and (or) into the injection device. In the injector device, the gas distribution manifold is made in the form of a series of tubes with holes evenly distributed over the cross section of the mixing unit. The holes in the tubes are placed evenly over the cross section of the main gas stream, and the axis of the injected jet of injected gas relative to the direction of the main stream is in the range of angles from 0 to 120 ^o . Behind the injection tubes 2, the main gas stream 9 is mixed with the flow of injected gas 10. At a given distance from the injection device 2, a turbulator 3 is placed, downstream of the gas representing a set of gas-dynamic nozzles or a grid of rods (wire) or a grid. Behind the turbulator, gas mixing conditions are created at the monomolecular level, an induction zone and then a reaction zone (flame front) arise. Next, the gases are sent for disposal or emission.

 Optimization of the parameters entering the gas inlet is carried out using shut-off and control valves 5, if necessary, using a heat heater 4 or supplying additional fuel 8.

Turbulator 3 has the ability to linearly move relative to injector 2 and is installed at a predetermined optimal distance from it, depending on the parameters of the supplied gases and the characteristic dimensions of the injector device. The turbulizer in the combustion chamber is necessary to ensure mixing of gases at the monomolecular level, provided that the conditions for the mixing of gases at the monomolecular level τ _{cm are} no more than the time of chemical reactions between the molecules of the reacting gases τ _chem, i.e. τ _cm <τ _chem. . The mixing time at the monomolecular level can be determined by τ _cm. ~ L ² / D m, where: L is the thermal scale of the gas flow turbulence behind the turbulator; a D _m - molecular diffusion coefficient. According to the theory of A. N. Kolmogorov, the thermal scale of turbulence can be estimated from the formula L ~ d / Re ^3/4 , where d is the characteristic size of the nozzle holes, the distance between the rods or the mesh size of the turbulator, and Re is the Reynolds number determined by the characteristic size d and gas flow parameters. Then the condition for choosing the characteristic size of the turbulator d is determined as follows: d <τ _chem (u / ν) ³ D $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{m}}$ . Here u is the gas velocity, and ν is the kinematic viscosity of the gas.

 Using the method and device for its implementation.

Using the method and device for its implementation will allow:
1. In laser technology, significantly improve the characteristics of the process gas-dynamic CO ₂ laser.

 2. In the chemical industry, create technologies based on low-temperature gas-phase reactions, which will significantly reduce energy consumption and increase the economic effect.

 3. Significantly improve the characteristics of the combustion chambers.

 4. To create cost-effective installations for the afterburning of harmful impurities in the exhaust gases of industrial facilities.

 5. Significantly simplify the design, reduce their cost and reduce the cost of operation of various devices for cleaning exhaust gases from harmful impurities in the automotive industry.

 Example 1. This method of accelerating gas-phase reactions and a device for its implementation were tested and used in a gas-dynamic laser, in particular, for the reaction of burning CO in air in the presence of water vapor and hydrocarbons.

A heated mixture of CO, CO ₂ , H ₂ , H ₂ O, N ₂ gases was supplied to the inlet of the subsonic part of the supersonic nozzle, and air was blown through the injectors in front of the critical section of the nozzle. As a result of the above-described mechanisms of the chemical and vibrational kinetics of molecules, an induction zone was formed at the end of the mixing zone, and a reaction zone (flame front) in the region of the nozzle critical section. Computational and experimental studies have shown that the combustion reaction of CO continues in the supersonic part of the nozzle at a low static temperature of the gases. According to classical known data, in the reaction of burning hydrocarbons in air, hydrogen burns out first, and CO last, and the reaction proceeds at high temperature. At the same time, experimental studies have shown:
- during the reaction at low gas temperatures, CO burned out almost completely, and H ₂ only partially;
- zones of the critical section and supersonic part of the nozzle create conditions for maintaining the reaction in a given range of parameters;
- measurements of the characteristics of the active medium behind the supersonic part of the nozzle gave a significant increase in the gain of the active medium and the stored vibrational energy of the molecules by 2 - 2.5 times, and the vibrational temperature of the CO ₂ molecule by 300 ^o C compared with the equilibrium regime of a gas-dynamic laser;
- all of the above requirements necessary for the course of the reaction in the experiment are fully satisfied;
- There was no CO in the exhaust gases.

 Thus, directly conducted experimental studies and direct measurement of the vibrational energies of gas molecules fully confirm the possibility of accelerating gas-phase reactions, provided that all of the above requirements are met.

 Example 2. In a gas-dynamic laser, a working mixture of gases was created in a gas generator on the products of kerosene combustion in air with an oxidizer deficiency in such a way that CO was produced. A comb of injectors was installed in front of the nozzle block, through which air was blown in to re-burn the CO. The experiments showed that when the injector comb was placed at a given optimal distance from the critical section of supersonic nozzles, the above conditions were created and the chemical reaction of CO combustion was accelerated at a low static temperature, and the gain of the active medium and the stored vibrational energy in the gas were two times higher. than under the equilibrium regime of a gas-dynamic laser, and CO was absent in the exhaust gases. In addition, in the experiment, complete burnup was observed not only of CO, but also of soot particles (solid carbon C) formed in the combustion chamber when burning hydrocarbon fuel with a lack of oxidizing agent. This important experimental fact confirms the possibility of using the proposed method not only to accelerate chemical reactions at low temperatures of gaseous components, but also solids in the gas stream.

Example 3. In the inventive invention [4], the exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxides NO and NO ₂ were mixed with CO ₂ in the ratio 1: 1 - 1: 2, passed through a layer of coke heated to a temperature of 450 - 550 ^o C, and purified gases were released into the atmosphere. In this experiment, gross reactions occurred in the presence of air nitrogen: 2CO + 2NO = 2CO ₂ + N ₂ and 2CO + 2NO ₂ = 2CO ₂ + O ₂ + N ₂ . At the same time, the lower vibrational level of the NO molecule is 2760 K, and with respect to the CO molecule, the energy defect between the lower vibrational levels is 324 K, which is close to the energy defect between the lower vibrational levels of CO and N ₂ - 330 K. _{2, the} third vibrational level of the deformation mode has an energy of 3270 K, which is close to the energy of the lower vibrational level of the N ₂ molecule (3354 K). Thus, when gases flow through the cracks between the pieces of coke due to good turbulization, mixing of the individual components at the monomolecular level should be carried out and the conditions for accelerating chemical reactions at low temperature and complete destruction of nitrogen oxides should be created.

Example 4. In the inventive invention [5], the exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxides in an amount of 8.8% were mixed with air and fed to a natural gas-fired furnace for combustion. Even at a gas temperature in the furnace of 650 - 1000 ^o C, the content of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases did not exceed 0.2 - 0.08%. For the supplied gas components in the presence of air nitrogen, there are gross reactions: 2CO + O ₂ + N ₂ = 2CO ₂ + N ₂ , 2NO + 2CO = 2CO ₂ + N ₂ , 2NO ₂ + 2CO = 2CO ₂ + O ₂ + N ₂ and the conditions for accelerating gas-phase reactions are satisfied in accordance with the above requirements.

Example 5. In the inventive invention [6], the exhaust gases of the metallurgical or chemical industry containing nitrogen oxides are passed through a carbon-containing material, which is a waste of the process of incomplete low-temperature combustion of brown coal. The experiments were carried out for exhaust gases containing 0.37 g / nm ³ nitrogen oxides, and the temperature of the carbon-containing material 350 - 450 ^o C, while the content of nitrogen oxides and CO at the inlet and outlet of the furnace was measured. These experimental data show that in the temperature range of the carbon-containing material 350 - 380 ^o C the content of nitrogen oxides at the outlet was 0.008 - 0.0 g / nm ³ and CO 0.1 g / nm ³ . These experiments also created conditions for accelerating the above-described gas-phase reactions of CO oxidation and the destruction of nitrogen oxides.

Example 6. In the inventive invention [7], agglomerated exhaust gases containing CO are passed through a layer of agglomerate having an initial temperature of 950 - 1000 ^o C, and the gas purge was also intended for cooling the agglomerate, so the average gas temperature did not exceed 400 - 500 ^o C. When the initial concentration of CO 1 - 2.03% at the outlet in the gases, it was 0.09 - 0.0%. In these experiments, conditions were also created to accelerate the oxidation of CO at low temperatures.

Sources of information
1. USSR author's certificate N 738650, cl. In 01 J 19/08, 1978.

 2. USSR author's certificate N 1544469, cl. B 01 D 53/36, 1985.

 3. Copyright certificate of the USSR N 1430080, cl. B 01 D 53/34, 1986.

 4. Copyright certificate of the USSR N 831161, cl. B 01 D 53/34, 1974.

 5. Copyright certificate of the USSR N 387725, cl. B 01 D 53/34, 1970.

 6. Copyright certificate of the USSR N 1611419, cl. B 01 D 53/34, 1988.

 7. Copyright certificate of the USSR N 982761, cl. B 01 D 53/34, 1981.

 8. WO 96/22158, cl. B 01 J 8/12, 1997.

Claims (5)

 1. A method of accelerating gas-phase exothermic reactions at low temperatures between reacting gaseous components, comprising supplying them to a flowing reaction chamber, characterized in that such a mixture of reacting components is selected when the molecules of the reaction product component have vibrational levels close to vibrational levels molecules of at least one of the reacting components, then they organize jet mixing of the reacting components in the gas stream, and the The components are selected and supported during the course of the reaction in a given range so that in the mixing zone of the components at the monomolecular level the conditions are met - the mixing time of the components was no more than the time of chemical reactions between the molecules of the reacting components, the time of chemical reactions between the molecules of the reacting components was no more than the relaxation time vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction, the time of transfer of the vibrational energy from the molecules of the component that is the product reaction, to the molecules of one of the reacting components there should be no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the reaction product, the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of one of the reacting components should be at least the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the reaction product, the transmission time of the vibrational energy from the molecules of the component that is the reaction product to the molecules of one or more reacting components should be no more than laxation of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the component that is the product of the reaction, as well as the molecules of one or more reacting components, the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of one or more reacting components should be at least the time of the entire chain of chemical reactions for the formation of the molecules of the component that is the reaction product, the relaxation time of the vibrational the energy of the molecules of one or more reacting components must be at least the flight time of the mixture of components of the induction zone and reaction zones.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a buffer, neutral gas is added to the mixture of components, the molecules of which have vibrational levels close to the vibrational levels of the molecules of the reaction product component and the vibrational levels of the molecules of at least one from the reacting components, then jet mixing of the reacting components in a gas stream is organized, while the parameters of the components are selected and maintained during the course of the reaction in a given range so that in the mixing zone At the monomolecular level, the conditions were fulfilled - the mixing time of the components was no more than the time of chemical reactions between the molecules of the reacting components, the time of chemical reactions between the molecules of the reacting components was no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the reaction product, the time of transfer of vibrational energy from the molecules of the component, being the reaction product, the molecules of the buffer component should have no more than the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the comp molecules of the reaction product, the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the buffer component should be at least the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the reaction product, the transmission time of vibrational energy from the molecules of the buffer component to the molecules of one or more reacting components should be no more than the vibrational relaxation time the energy of the molecules of the buffer component, as well as the molecules of one or more reacting components, the relaxation time of the vibrational energy and the molecules of one or more reacting components must have at least the time of the entire chain of chemical reactions for the formation of the molecules of the component that is the reaction product, the relaxation time of the vibrational energy of the molecules of the buffer component must be at least the flight time of the mixture of components of the induction zone and the reaction zone. 3. A device for accelerating gas-phase exothermic reactions at low temperatures, including a combustion chamber, shut-off and control valves, reacting gas supply systems, characterized in that the mixing unit of the injected gas into the main gas stream is made in the form of a series of tubes with holes uniformly distributed over the cross section of the main gas stream, and the axis of the injected jet of injected gas relative to the direction of the main gas stream are in the range of angles from 0 to 120 °, in addition, down gas flow from the injector is set turbulator arranged in an array of gas-dynamic nozzle, wherein the characteristic dimension d is selected from the turbulizer openings conditions
d <τ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{chem}}$ (u / ν) ³ D $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{m}}$ ,
where τ _chem is the rate of the chemical reaction of the reacting gases;
u is the gas mixture velocity;
ν is the kinematic viscosity of the gas mixture;
D _m - coefficient of molecular diffusion of miscible gases,
while the turbulator has the ability to linearly move relative to the injector device and it is installed at an optimal distance from the injector, depending on the parameters of the gas mixture and the characteristic dimensions of the injector, and the buffer and reactive gas supply systems are equipped with a heating device and an additional fuel supply unit.  4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the turbulator is made in the form of a comb of wire rods.  5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the turbulator is made in the form of a grid.