RU216974U1 - Device for diagnostics and development of human cognitive abilities - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of psychological diagnostics and training and can be used to assess spatial abilities, develop spatial thinking, and form the cognitive skills necessary to build diagrams and drawings. The device for diagnostics and development of human cognitive abilities is made in the form of a body, on the plane of the top panel of which there is a set of joysticks and a video screen. The video screen demonstrates a projection of a three-dimensional image of a plurality of faces, each of which is associated with one of the joysticks, the manipulation of which allows the user to change the spatial position of the face, its scale and rotation angles in the three-dimensional space displayed on the video screen plane. In this case, the subject solves the problem of assembling an integral object from a set of disparate faces, such as a tetrahedron, octahedron, hexahedron and other similar polyhedra. The need to move from a visual-effective method of controlling the state of the target object to constructing a logical scheme for its assembly is provided by the structurally inherent difference in the visual and sensorimotor fields of perception of the subject - the controls are located in two-dimensional space, while the image plane of the video screen demonstrates the elements of a three-dimensional object. The technical result is to provide sensorimotor correction using visual feedback.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of psychological diagnostics and training and can be used to assess spatial abilities, develop spatial thinking, and form the cognitive skills necessary to build diagrams and drawings.

Devices are known that solve the problem of developing human abilities in the field of solving spatial problems. To establish the technical level, one can take into account the "Device for the development of spatial thinking" RU 168862 U1, which belongs to the field of entertainment, and is a board game designed to develop spatial thinking and imagination. The device is a three-dimensional transparent rectangular box into which various geometric objects with a drilled center of mass are lowered on a flexible suspension through the upper face. Rigid rods are passed through one of the side walls of the case, which the user can combine with holes drilled in objects, while achieving the solution of the task assigned to him of identifying objects, establishing their shape and spatial relationships between them. The rods are placed at different distances from each other along the depth and height of the box in such a way that the condition of the problem determines the need for their optimal choice to solve the problem.

The advantage of this solution is the possibility of organizing controlled user actions in the volumetric space of the problem and the ability to solve the problems of classification and mutual intersection of volumetric bodies in space. The disadvantage is the need to manipulate geometric objects using a system of mechanical links, dependence on which requires a violation of the integrity of the figures through holes.

The task that the proposed utility model is aimed at is the creation of a technical device that implements the problematic situation of the transition from human sensorimotor actions on a flat diagram to mental representations of the spatial transformations of an object - a three-dimensional geometric figure in the form of its projection onto a plane.

The technical result is to provide sensorimotor correction using visual feedback.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the transition from a visual-effective way to control the state of the target object to the construction of a logical scheme for its assembly, provided by the structural difference between the visual and sensorimotor fields of perception of the subject - the controls are located in two-dimensional space, while the image plane of the video screen demonstrates elements of three-dimensional object.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in Fig. 1, where 1 is the case, 2 is the joystick, 3 is the control unit, 4 is the video screen, 5 is the sides of the three-dimensional figure, 6 is the imaging unit.

A device for diagnosing and developing human cognitive abilities consists of a body (1), two or more joysticks (2), a control unit (3), a video screen (4), a unit for forming a three-dimensional image projection on a flat screen (6), combined into a single structure in such a way that the data on the position of the joysticks (2) are logically combined by the control unit (3), which forms a spatial image of a three-dimensional geometric figure, each face (5) of which is associated with a separate joystick (2) and can be moved, rotated or scaled in space, regardless of the remaining faces (5) displayed as an image on a video screen using a block for forming a three-dimensional image projection on a flat screen (6).

By joystick, we mean a device that converts the movement of a person's hand into information about the spatial position of a real or imaginary object or its visual image, which is the object of control in terms of its state, for example, spatial position. According to the functional purpose, the joystick can be called a manipulator or a handle. Structurally, the joystick is a vertically mounted rod that can freely tilt in one or two planes around a certain center. This ensures the transmission of data on the position of the handle using mechanical, electromechanical, galvanic communication, including digital coding technologies, to the executive body of the structure. A control unit can be installed in the break in the communication chain between the joystick and the executive body, which performs some transformation of data on the required state of the executive body. For example, when using a mechanical connection, this may be an increase in force on the executive body, a change in the plane of its movement, or even a change in the direction of movement compared to that assumed by the direction given by the handle.

In the device proposed by us, the executive body for joysticks is a visual image of a three-dimensional figure in such a way that each joystick is associated with a face of this figure. In this case, the joystick-face relationship can be performed according to the scheme "one to one", "one to many" and "many to one". In the first case, each joystick is logically connected to one face, and changing its position leads to a change in the position of the corresponding face. However, the logic of presenting the task to the subject may include the connection of two or more joysticks with one face and the connection of one joystick with two or more faces. For flexible implementation of various schemes for mediating communication between joysticks and faces of a three-dimensional figure, it is advisable to use joysticks with digital coding of the position of the control handle, since the aggregation of data on the position of two or more manipulators can be carried out by a microprocessor device that performs the functions of a control unit. To enhance the effect of image depth and the ability to access the inspection of each face of a three-dimensional figure, one of the joysticks can be used to rotate all faces around a common center. All joysticks are installed on a common plane at an equal distance from each other in such a way as to ensure the isomorphism of the sensorimotor space of a person who considers the received set of joysticks as a single control panel.

The video screen of the device is designed to display a three-dimensional image of the device's executive body - a three-dimensional polyhedron on a plane in such a way as to preserve all signs of the depth of space. In modern society, an adult quite easily uses these signs for unconscious reconstruction of a three-dimensional image. The child may find it difficult to solve such a problem due to a lack of sensory experience, for the acquisition of which this device can also be used.

The image for the video screen is prepared by a block for forming a three-dimensional image projection on a flat screen based on existing technologies such as OpenGL, DirectX, Vulkan. At the input of the block implemented by the microprocessor device, the layout and characteristics of the faces of the three-dimensional figure, which is formed by the control unit, are fed. The output of the three-dimensional image projection unit provides a video signal applied to the video screen.

The body of the device provides structural integration of all elements of the device, their protection from external factors, protection of the user from the damaging effect of electric current that feeds the device.

The device works as follows.

The user receives an instruction explaining the conditions for solving the problem or the conditions of the game. In this case, the task implies in its initial state the presence of a visual image - a set of faces from which it is necessary to assemble a given figure. For example, to assemble a pyramid, a set of four triangular faces not connected to each other and spaced apart in space is displayed on the screen. To assemble a cube or prism, this will already be six square faces. In the case of a prism, there are six faces in the form of rectangles and parallelograms. In the simplest case, the faces to be assembled to a holistic image of the figure are connected to joysticks located on the same plane with the screen and can change their position depending on the position of the joysticks. The design of joysticks can be provided with additional keys, pressing which fixes the position selected by the user for the faces. For a better view of the figure being assembled, it is possible to use a separate joystick to rotate it in space or turn on the mode of continuous rotation of the figure around a certain center.

After the user collects an integral object, the task is considered completed. Information about the execution time and features of the face manipulation action can be used as data on the effectiveness of the user's spatial thinking and strategies for solving problems of this type.

In a more complex case, the user may be forced to independently establish a correspondence between the faces and joysticks, while this correspondence can be set according to a different scheme for re-execution of the task.

It is also possible that the correspondence between the joystick and the edge is complicated by the fact that some joysticks can also influence the state of the already established relationship, but to a lesser extent. In addition, it is possible to model such a physical characteristic of a face as its mass. In this case, the cessation of the joystick's action on the edge does not occur immediately, but after some time, after the end of the user's effort.

Information sources:

1. Patent RU 168862 U1, IPC A63F 9/06. A device for the development of spatial thinking. Published 02/21/2017.

Claims (1)

A device for diagnosing and developing human cognitive abilities, consisting of two or more joysticks, a video screen, a block for forming a three-dimensional image projection on a flat screen, a control unit, a housing, characterized in that data on the position of the joysticks are logically combined by a control unit that forms a spatial image of a three-dimensional geometric a figure, each face of which is associated with a separate joystick and can be moved, rotated or scaled in space independently of the other faces, displayed as an image on the video screen using a three-dimensional image projection unit, while the joysticks and the video screen are mechanically fixed on a common plane in the upper part housing, structurally uniting all the components of the device.

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