RU21684U1 - VOTE BOX - Google Patents

Description

VOTE BOX

The utility model relates to voting devices and can be used in the election process, for example, in the State Duma, the President, etc.

Known ballot box 1, containing a container with a lid, in which a hole for lowering the cards. The ballot box also contains a guide located under this hole, two photosensors installed in the holes of the guide, a light source and a counting unit with an indicator connected to it.

A disadvantage of the well-known urn 1 is the limited functionality that allows it to be used only to count the number of cards dropped into it on any one issue.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed utility model is a ballot box 2, containing a container with a lid in which a hole for the ballots is made. The ballot box also contains a guide, first and second transporting drums associated with the electric drive, a reader consisting of a light source, a lens and a photodetector block, located opposite a window in the guide made between the first and second transporting drums, photosensors combined with holes in the guide before first and second transporting drums, and a counting unit, to the input of which the outputs of the photosensors and the block of photodetectors are connected, and an electric drive and an indicator are connected to the output.

The disadvantages of the famous ballot box 2 are as follows:

MPK7S07S 13/02

- the presence of a punch that requires additional time for drilling holes in invalid ballots and periodic sharpening of the punch,

- the inability to lower the next ballot until the end of the complete processing of information from the previous ballot and, if necessary, punching it;

- the inability to read information from both sides of the ballot, which makes it necessary to omit one-way ballots only in a certain way.

The objective of the utility model is to expand the functionality and improve the operational characteristics of the ballot box.

To solve this problem, a ballot box is proposed, which, like the one closest to it, selected as a prototype, contains a container with a lid in which a hole for the ballots is made, a guide, the first and second transporting drums associated with the electric drive, the first reader, consisting of a light source, a lens and a block of photodetectors and located opposite the window in the guide between the first and second conveying drums. Two photosensors are installed in the holes in the guide. One of the photosensors is installed in front of the first, and the other in front of the second transporting drum. The ballot box also contains an invalid ballot marker, consisting of a punch, kinematically connected with an electromagnet, and a counting unit, the outputs of which are photosensors and a block of photodetectors, and an electric drive, an indicator, and an electromagnet are connected to the outputs. A feature of the proposed utility model is that a ballot thickness sensor, a tolerance zone detector, and a second reader are introduced into it, and the puncher is a disk with teeth, on which sides support belts are made. The first and second conveying drums are electrically connected with the possibility of separate switching on and off. A disk with teeth is mounted to rotate and move perpendicular to the guide. The ballot thickness gauge is connected to the input of the tolerance zone detector. The second reading device is located opposite the window in the guide on its opposite side, and the outputs of the second block of photodetectors and the detector of the tolerance zone are connected to the counting unit. The light sources of the readers can be made in the form of linear fluorescent lamps of white light connected to electronic ballasts, the inputs of which are connected to the counting unit.

The task set during the creation of the utility model was made possible thanks to the following.

The newly introduced nodes, namely: the ballot thickness gauge and the tolerance zone detector, do not allow turning on the drive of the first conveyor drum when a folded ballot or two or more folded ballots are inserted into the ballot box. The new design of the puncher, which is a disk with teeth and support belts, as well as the installation of a disk with the possibility of rotation and movement perpendicular to the guide, allows you to break holes in an invalid ballot directly during its transportation. In the prototype, punching holes in an invalid ballot could only be done when the drive stopped. Thus, the performance of the ballot box has improved significantly. The connection of transporting drums with an electric drive with the possibility of separate switching on and off reduces the time the ballot box is ready to receive the next ballot, that is, increase its productivity, and the introduction of a second reader allows reading information from either side of the ballot. To further expand the functionality of the ballot box, it is proposed to make light sources in the form of linear fluorescent lamps of white light, which allows reading information of any color put down by the voter, and connecting ballasts to the output of the counting unit ensures optimal exposure of photodetector blocks when reading information.

Thus, the combination of the above features allows us to solve the problem.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a ballot box in accordance with paragraph 1 of the utility model formula;

figure 2 - presents a functional block diagram of the urn in accordance with paragraph 2 of the formula of the utility model.

The ballot box (see figure 1) contains a container 1, closed by a lid 2, in which a hole 3 for the ballots is made. Behind the hole 3 there is a guide 4, in which a first transporting drum 5 is connected, connected by friction wheels 6 and 7 with an electric motor 8, and a second transporting drum 9, connected by friction wheels 10 and 11 with an electric motor 12. Electric motors 8 and 12 together with the block control (Fig. not shown) form an electric drive 13 ballots. The first photosensor 14 and the ballot thickness sensor 15 are located in the holes of the guide 4 in front of the first transport drum 5, the second photosensor 16 is installed in the hole of the guide 4 in front of the second transport drum 9. Between the first 5 and second 9 transport drums in the guide 4 there is a window opposite which on one side of the rail there is a first reader consisting of a light source 17 and a lens 18, behind which a first block of photodetectors 19 is located, and on the other hand, a second readout slower is composed of a light source 20 and lens 21, behind which is a second block 22 of photodetectors. A disk 23 with teeth is located in front of the second transporting drum 9, and support belts 24 are made on both sides of it. The tooth disk 23 is mounted rotatably on a lever 25 kinematically connected to the electromagnet 26. The disk 23 has the ability to rotate and also to move perpendicular to the guide 4 The urn also has a tolerance zone detector 27 (see FIG. 2), a counting unit 28 and an indicator 29. A ballot thickness gauge 15 (FIG. 2) is connected to the input of the tolerance zone detector 27, the output of which and the outputs of the sensors 14 and 16 are connected to the entrances a counting unit 28, to the outputs of which an electric drive 13, an electromagnet 26 and an indicator 29 are connected. Blocks 19 and 22 of the photodetectors are connected to the inputs of the counting block 28. The counting unit 28 also has an input 30 for recording information about the newsletter.

The light sources 17 and 20 can be made in the form of linear fluorescent lamps of white light connected to the outputs of electronic ballasts 31 and 32, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the counting unit 28.

The electric drive 13 may be multi-engine, that is, contain actuating motors 8 and 12, or single 3. In the latter embodiment, one actuator motor may be coupled to the first and second conveying drums 5 and 9 by means of gears and couplers. In the electric drive 13 can be used electric motors of alternating (for example, UAD-32), direct (for example, DPM-30) current or step-by-step (for example, DSHI-200).

The photosensors 14 and 16 can be made in the form of optocouplers using K1ShD-40 LEDs and FT2K phototransistors. The sensor 15 of the thickness of the ballot can also be made in the form of an optocoupler using an infrared emitting diode AL107B and an FT2K phototransistor.

electronic ballasts operating at an increased frequency 4.

Blocks 19 and 22 of photodetectors can be implemented on the basis of the FD-304M multi-element photodiode array using multiplexer switches, for example, on the 561KP1 5 microcircuit, and also on the basis of the CCD line, for example, LX523A from SONY.

The tolerance zone detector 27 can be implemented on comparison circuits, for example, on two analog comparators, on K1401CA1 microcircuits, each of which is installed on the upper and lower threshold value of the tolerance zone detector 6, as well as on digital comparators, for example, on K555 SP1 7 microcircuits .

The counting unit 28 can be made in the form of a single-board microcomputer based on the BIS microprocessor complex, for example, the 580 8 series, to the input / output channels (ports) of which the electric drive 13, photo sensors 14 and 16, the thickness gauge of ballots 15, blocks 19 and 22 photodetectors, an electromagnet 26 and an indicator 29. The LSI microprocessor kit includes a clock generator that can be used to connect to photodetector units 19 and 22, and a random access memory connected to the inputs of the upper and lower threshold tolerance zone detector 27.

The indicator 29 can be made in the form of a multi-digit digital display using digital indicators AL324B, display, etc. Information can be output to a printing device, modem, etc.

The work of the ballot box is as follows.

Before voting begins, using a diskette or keyboard connected to the input 30 of the counting block 28, it records information on the number of candidates and the location of the corresponding sections of the ballot (squares), in which voters' marks should be put down, as well as when lowering the test ballot, from the sensor fifteen

the thickness of the ballot the lower and upper threshold value of the tolerance zone of its thickness. In the voting process, the voter makes a mark in the ballot and directs it to the hole 3 of the cover 2. When moving in the guide 4, the ballot blocks the light flux of the first photo of the sensor 14 and reduces the flow of the sensor 15 of the thickness of the ballot. The signal from the output of the sensor 15 of the thickness of the ballot enters the detector of the tolerance zone 27 and, if it is within the established tolerance zone, the signal from the output of the detector of the tolerance zone 27 together with the signal from the output of the first photosensor 14 enters the counting unit 28, providing a signal at its output turning on the electric motor 8 of the electric drive 13. The rotation of the electric motor 8 is transmitted through the friction wheels 6 and 7 to the first transporting drum 5, which transports the ballot paper along the guide 4. In this case, the ballot passes by the window at 4, where its sections are illuminated by the light flux from the light sources 17 and 20. The light flux reflected from the ballot is focused by the lenses 18 and 21 onto the photodetector blocks 19 and 22. Depending on the reflection coefficient of the light flux from the surfaces of the ballot, the counting unit 28 adjusts the luminous flux of the light sources 17 and 20 through ballasts 31 and 32, providing optimal illumination of the photodetector blocks 19 and 22. At the outputs of the blocks 19 and 22 of the photodetectors, signals appear that carry information about the amount of luminous flux reflected from the elements of the read bulletin line. When 4 marks marked by the voter appear in the guide window, the reflected light flux from individual elements of the read line is modulated in intensity, which leads to a change in the signal at the output of photodetector units 19 and 22. These signals are fed to the input of the counting unit 28, which determines in which sections of the ballot a signal has changed. With further transportation along the guide 4, the ballot covers the luminous flux of the second photosensor 16, the output signal of which arrives at the counting unit 28, ensuring that the electric motor 12 is turned on. The rotation of the electric motor 12 is transmitted through the friction wheels 10 and 12 to the second transport drum 9, which picks up the ballot and transports it further along the guide 4. After passing the entire ballot past the second photo of the sensor 16, the light flux in it opens, the signal from its output enters the counting unit 28, which The second generates a stop signal for motors 8 and 12. The first and second transporting drums 5 and 9 stop, and the upper part of the ballot remains in the guide 4, in contact with the second transporting drum 9. The counting unit 28 processes the information read from the ballot, determining the presence of marks on the ballot affixed by the voter and their number. If one ballot is marked on the ballot, it is considered valid, and in accordance with the location of this mark in the memory of the counting block 28 is recorded "vote cast for one candidate or" against all candidates. If the ballot does not bear a single mark of the voter or more than one mark, it shall be considered invalid. In this case, the counting unit 28 generates a signal arriving at the electromagnet 26, turning the lever 25. In this case, the disk with teeth 23 moves perpendicular to the guide 4 and the teeth break open the holes on the ballot, and the support belts 24 protect the ballot from warping and tearing. At the same time, at the end of processing the read information, the counting unit 28 generates a signal to turn on the electric motor 12 and the second conveying drum 9 starts to rotate. The ballot leaves the guide 4 and enters the container 1.

If the ballot paper was invalid, the tooth disk 23 will break through the holes in the ballot paper and when the ballot is moved by the second transporting drum 9, the tooth disk 23 will begin to rotate, breaking new holes in the ballot paper. After the ballot leaves the guide 4, the electric motor 9 and the electromagnet 26 are turned off, and the lever 25 returns

In the starting position. Since a certain period of time elapses from the capture of the ballot by the first transport drum 5 to the appearance of the ballot in the guide window 4 (in the information reading zone) of about 1 s, and approximately the same time is required for processing the read information by the counting unit 28, after reading all the information from the ballot and turning off the electric motors 8 and 12 at a time interval of 1.5 - 2 s, the counting unit 28 sends to the indicator 29 a signal of readiness for the adoption of the next ballot. After that, the voter can insert the next ballot in the hole 3 of cover 2 and the work of the ballot box will continue as described above. In the process of voting, in the memory of the counting block 28, the “votes cast for each candidate” are added up. The counting unit 28 also generates a signal for the number of dropped ballots. After the election, the voting results using the keyboard connected to the input 30 of the counting unit 28 can be displayed on the indicator 29, and also, if necessary, on a printing device, modem and

Thus, the proposed ballot box provides an automated counting of votes cast during the election process for each candidate, as well as against all candidates.

Compared to ballot box 2, selected as a prototype, the proposed ballot box has advanced functionality and enhanced performance, namely:

-does not allow entering a folded ballot into the ballot box, as well as folded together two or more ballots, which eliminates errors in the automated vote counting;

-provides the optimal exposure of the photodetector block in the process of reading information at different reflection coefficients of the paper on which the bulletin is printed;

- significantly reduces the time until ready to receive the next ballot, which makes it possible to use, for example, two ballot boxes instead of three at large polling stations;

- Does not require periodic sharpening of the punch of the punch.

USED SOURCES:

1.Aut. testimonial. USSR 1499384, class G 07C 13/07, publ. 1987.

2. The certificate of the Russian Federation for utility model 4397, class. G 07C 13/07, publ. 06.16.97prototype.

3.BSE, T.48. Gos. scientific TSB Publishing House, 1957, p. 609.

4.Rokhlin G.N. Gas discharge light sources. M.-L.: “Energy, 1966, p. 347-350.

5.Digital integrated circuits. Handbook Ed. M.I. Bogdanovich and others: - Мn .: Belarus. 1991, p. 183-184, p. 319-325.

6.Shilo V.L. Linear integrated circuits in electronic equipment.-M .: “Sov.radio. from. 368, 228-229.

7.Digital integrated circuits. Handbook Ed. M.I. Bogdanovich and others: - Мn .: Belarus. 1991, p. 272, 279.

8. Vershinin O.E. The use of microprocessors for the automation of technological processes. - L .: “Energoatomizdat, Leningrad Branch, 1986, p. 140-154.

Claims (2)

1. A ballot box containing a container with a lid in which a hole for the ballots is made, a guide, first and second transporting drums associated with an electric drive, a first reader consisting of a light source, a lens and a photodetector block and located opposite the window in the guide between the first and second transporting drums, two photosensors located in the holes of the guide, one of which is installed in front of the first and the other in front of the second transporting drum, valid bulletins, consisting of a punch, kinematically connected with an electromagnet, and a counting unit, the outputs of which are photosensors and a block of photodetectors, and an electric drive, an indicator and an electromagnet are connected to the outputs, characterized in that a ballot thickness sensor and a tolerance zone detector are inserted into it and a second reader, the punch is a disk with teeth, on both sides of which support belts are made, the first and second transporting drums are connected to the electric drive with separately switched on and off, the tooth disk is mounted to rotate and move perpendicular to the guide, the ballot thickness sensor is connected to the entrance of the tolerance zone detector, the second reader is located opposite the window in the guide from its opposite side, and the outputs of the second photodetector block and tolerance zone detector connected to the counting unit. 2. Ballot box according to claim 1, characterized in that the light sources of the reading devices are made in the form of linear fluorescent lamps of white light connected to electronic ballasts, the inputs of which are connected to the counting unit.