RU2167373C2 - "sysun-stepnov" washing sun-light unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: washing sun-light units. SUBSTANCE: washing sun-light unit has a tank filled with water consisting of two compartments interconnected near the tank bottom by one or several channels for laminar water flow. One of the tank compartments is encased for warmth-keeping, covered by optically transparent insulation, and a floating pan is installed in it with a blackened inner surface of the bottom facing the sun, installed on the external surface of it engageable with water is the inlet end of the hose, whose opposite end is conjugate to one of the outlet connections of the tank and hydrants. The compartments with cold water and water warmed up by the energy of sun radiation may be made in the form of self-contained tank compartments installed at the same level, interconnected near the bottom by tubular channels and provided with outlet connections interconnected through hydrants with T-joints - water mixers and shut-off valves. EFFECT: improved operating characteristics, enhanced convenience in use, quick production of hot water, separate consumption of hot and cold water with regulated temperature. 4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to solar technology, in particular to washing solar units, in which the heating is carried out by the energy of solar radiation, intended for use in domestic washing and shower installations for country and farm estates, powered by both a water supply system and manually filling the tanks with water.

 A known water supply system with equalizing tanks / 1 / for domestic use, containing tanks installed at the same level, filled with cold and heated with a heat generator hot water, providing water supply to the intake mixing valves under the same pressure.

 The disadvantages of the system are due to the need to use a complex and expensive heat generator to heat water.

 As a prototype, a solar liquid heater was chosen, which can be used as a household washing solar unit / 2 and 3 /, made in the form of a water-filled insulated tank with an inlet pipe and one or more outlet pipes, which is blocked in the upper part from the side of incident sunlight transparent insulation, screening the beam-absorbing (blackened) surface of the bottom of the metal pan floating in the tank, on the outside, in contact with water, the surface of which is installed inlet q flexible hose, the opposite end of which is associated with one of the outlet nozzles and intake valves. The inlet pipe is made at the bottom of the tank, equipped with a shut-off valve and serves to fill the tank with water.

 The disadvantages of the prototype are caused by the fact that when the device is operated with manual filling of the tank with water, there are known inconveniences associated with the need to make a special inlet pipe with a shut-off valve in the bottom of the tank or using a knee coupled to the pipe and a funnel filled with water.

 In this case, as well as when using a stationary water supply system (water supply) connected through the inlet pipe, intensive uncontrolled mixing of cold and solar-heated water in the tank occurs due to turbulent flows coming from the inlet pipe, which reduces the maximum achievable temperature and increases the time heating water to this temperature.

 In addition, the washing unit described in / 2 / does not provide the necessary control of the temperature of the consumed water.

 The aim of the invention is the creation of a washing solar unit, devoid of the disadvantages of the prototype, with improved performance, more convenient to use, providing quicker hotter and colder water with controlled temperature.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in a washing solar unit containing filled with water and at least partially insulated tank with inlet and one or more outlet pipes and water fittings, blocked in the upper part facing the sun by optically transparent insulation, screening beam absorbing (blackened) the surface of the bottom floating in the tank of the metal pan, on the outside, in contact with water, the surface of which is the inlet end of the flexible hose, the opposite end of which harnessed to one of the outlet pipes and water fittings, the above tank is made of two component parts - compartments connected to each other near the bottom of the tank by one or more channels for free laminar flow of water, moreover, a floating metal pan with a flexible hose, as well as one of the outlet pipes water fittings are installed together in one of the tank compartments.

 The goal is also achieved by the fact that two - the larger with heated water and the smaller with cold water - tank compartments are installed at the same level and separated from each other by a vertical partition made of a material with low thermal conductivity, for example, plastic, forming a slot channel with the bottom of the tank for laminar flow of water.

 Another means of achieving the goal is that the components of the tank with heated and cold water are made in the form of two separate compartments interconnected by a tubular channel - tanks with outlet pipes installed in each of them, interconnected through a water fitting with a tee-mixer water and shutoff valves.

 The achievement of the technical result is also facilitated by the fact that the part of the side surface of the heater compartment of the tank with heated water facing the sun is mounted on a hinged screen.

 The proposed options for washing the solar unit according to the invention are presented in the drawings.

 FIG. 1. A washing solar unit with a vertical partition of a composite tank, side view, partially in section.

 FIG. 2. A washing solar unit with separate tank compartments and a tee-mixer, side view, partially in section.

 FIG. 3. The same as in FIG. 2, view A, partially in section.

 Shown in FIG. 1 washing solar unit contains a rectangular, open metal or plastic tank filled with water, made of two rectangular components installed at the same horizontal level - compartments 1 and 2, interconnected near the bottom of the tank with one or more channels, for example, a slotted channel 3 2- wide 4 mm for free laminar flow of cold water from compartment 1 to compartment 2 (shown by arrows). A slotted channel 3 is formed between the bottom of the tank and the oblique cut of the flat vertical partition 4, dividing the tank into two compartments — the larger compartment 2 with solar-heated water and the smaller compartment 1 with cold water. The partitioning partition is made of a material with low thermal conductivity, for example, plastic based on polypropylene or high density polyethylene.

 In one of the tank compartments, in particular in compartment 2, which is 2-3 times the size of compartment 1, a solar water heater is installed on the surface of the water, made in the form of a floating pan 5 of aluminum, which has an inner surface facing the sun covered with ray-absorbing material 6 (blackened) and, in addition, blocked (shielded) from the side of the incident sunlight (shown by oblique arrows) with optically transparent insulation 7, for example, window glass or a layer of cellophane that acts as a tank lid.

 Window glass 7 with a handle can be installed in the frame 9 with the possibility of longitudinal movement and overlap both compartments of the tank.

 A perforated flange 10 with a fitting connected to the inlet end 11 of the flexible hose, the opposite end 12 of which is connected with the one made in the same compartment, is installed and fixed (by welding or using epoxy resin) on the outer surface of the bottom surface of the metal pan 5 floating in compartment 2 2 by one of the outlet pipes and valves, for example, with a pipe 13 and a plug valve 14.

 The compartment 2 of the tank in which the solar water heater is mounted is surrounded by a heater 15 and installed together with the compartment 1 in a wooden or plastic box 16, which protects the heater from the effects of atmospheric precipitation. The entire tank can be surrounded by a heater, as shown in FIG. 1.

 The tank compartments are mounted on the shelf 17 of the fittings of an external household washbasin or on a special holder.

 To fill the tank compartment 1 with water from the water supply, an inlet pipe 18 can be used, which, when manually filled with water through the open part of the compartment 1, is closed with a plug.

 In the embodiment of the washing solar unit shown in FIG. 2 and 3, the components of the tank with cold and heated water are made in the form of two independent rectangular compartment-tanks 19 and 20, interconnected near the bottom by one or more tubular channels 21 with an inner diameter of 6-12 mm for free laminar flow of water. In the compartment-tank 20 with water heated by solar radiation, which by volume is equal to or greater than the compartment-tank 19 with cold water, a solar water heater is installed, made in the form of a floating metal pan 22 floating in it with a blackened bottom from the side of the falling solar rays (shown by oblique arrows), on the water-contacting outer surface of which is fixed a perforated metal flange 23 connected to the inlet end 24 of the flexible hose, similar to that described above for the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

 In this case, the compartment-tank 20 is individually blocked by window glass 25, and the compartment-tank 19 is closed by a lid 26.

 In each of the compartments-tanks 19 and 20, outlet pipes 27 and 28, respectively, are made, interconnected through water-folding fittings, including a tee-mixer 29, two shut-off valves 30 and 31 and a push-button plug-type water-folding crane 32.

 The output end 33 of the flexible hose in the tank compartment 20 is coupled to the outlet pipe 28, ensuring the consumption of heated water directly from the area adjacent to the pan heated by solar radiation 22.

 To temperature the heated water, the side walls and the bottom of the tank compartment 20 are insulated with a layer of porous insulation 34 and shielded with an additional layer of waterproofing 35, which protects the insulation from moisture and atmospheric precipitation.

 It is advisable to install at least part of the side surface of the heater insulation of compartments 2 (Fig. 1) or 20 (Fig. 3) of the heated water tank facing the sun on a hinged screen 36 that provides additional heating by solar radiation (shown by arrows in Fig. 3) blackened the side wall 37 of the tank compartment in conditions of elevated ambient temperature in calm weather and providing thermostating (heat preservation) in the tank compartment in the pressed position of the screen 36 to the wall 37, for example, in the absence of solar radiation cheniya.

 Inlet-tank with cold water has an inlet pipe 38 for connecting a hose or water pipe (not shown in Fig.).

 The tank compartments 19 and 20 are mounted on a shelf 39 or suspended on special fittings (not shown in FIG.).

 The proposed washing solar unit operates as follows.

 The component of the tank compartment 1 (Fig. 1) is filled with water, manually shifted to the left along the guides 9 of the optically transparent insulation 7 (window glass or cellophane in the edit - not shown), which functions as a glass cover with a handle 8.

 The tank compartment 19 is filled with water with the lid 26 open. The indicated compartments can be filled with water from the water supply or hose through the inlet pipes 18 and 38.

 In both cases, the compartment 2 and the compartment 20 are filled with water due to the flow of water (shown by curved arrows) through the slotted channel 3 or the tubular channel 21 from the compartment 1 and the compartment 19.

 Pan 5 and 22 of the solar heater float to the level of filling the tanks with water, for example, in the highest position, as shown in FIG. 1, 2 and 3, which may be limited, for example, by the location level of the inlet pipe 38.

 Together with baking sheets 5 and 22, the inlet ends 11 and 24 of the flexible hose float through the nozzles to the perforated flanges 10 and 23, respectively.

Solar radiation (rays are shown by oblique arrows in Figs. 1, 2, and 3) passes through an optically transparent insulation layer 7 or 25 for them (glass or cellophane lids of the tank compartments) and is absorbed on the surface of the pan 5 and 22 covered with a ray-absorbing material. transforming into heat and heating them to a temperature of 60-80 ^o C.

 As a result of conductive heat transfer, the high absorption capacity of the surface and the thermal conductivity of the metal baking sheets 5 and 22, and also due to the branched surface of contact with water of the perforated flanges with fittings mounted on them, the energy of solar radiation is effectively converted into heat, transmitted and dissipated in the adjacent volume of water heating her up.

 In this case, due to the overlapping surface of the baking sheets facing the sun 5 or 22 with a layer of optically transparent insulation 7 or 25, respectively, an air gap is formed between the bottom of the baking sheet and the layer of the specified insulation, which reduces the convective heat transfer of the baking sheets with the environment (a "greenhouse effect" is manifested), which contributes to the heat accumulation and effective heating of water adjacent to the baking sheets.

 With the open valve 14 or shut-off valve 31 and push-button valve 32, heated water adjacent to the baking sheets 5 or 22 passes through the openings of the perforated flanges and fittings to the inlet ends 11 or 24 of the flexible hoses and then to the outlet pipes 13 or 28, respectively, i.e. the flow of the most heated water for consumption occurs.

 At the same time, inflow occurs due to the free laminar flow of cold water from compartment 1 or compartment-tank 19 through the slotted channel 3 or tubular channel 21, respectively.

 The flow of cold water through a laminar flow through slotted 3 or tubular 21 channels significantly reduces the possibility of mixing it with heated water in compartment 1 or compartment-tank 19, which can significantly increase the consumption of hot water, as well as shorten the time for receiving hot water (heating time) regardless tank depths.

 With the shut-off valve 30, 31 and push-button valve 32 open, cold and heated water flows into the tee of the mixer 29 of the valves, from where after mixing it is used for consumption with a controlled temperature.

 When operating the solar unit in calm, sunny weather, when convective heat transfer is significantly reduced, the back blackened side wall 37 of the tank compartment 20 (see Fig. 3) is exposed to solar radiation (shown by oblique arrows) along with the pan 22 of the solar heater, which significantly reduces the time heating the entire volume of water in the tank. This is achieved when the hinged screen 36, which is part of the side surface of the insulation 34 and the waterproofing layer 35, is lowered to the lower position.

 The movement of the screen 36 to the upper position and the possibility of pressing it against the blackened wall 37 of the compartment-tank ensures its temperature control, i.e. heat preservation of heated water for several hours.

 Thus, the advantages of the proposed washing solar unit result from the possibility of continuous or discontinuous supply of cold water to the compartments of the tank with hot water without tangible mixing and without contact of hot water in the compartments with the environment, which creates ease of use, improves operational characteristics, providing also faster receiving hot water, as well as the consumption of separately hot or mixed, hot and cold temperature-controlled water.

Literature:
1. V.S. Kedrov, P.P. Palgunov, M.A. Somov. "Water supply and sewerage". Ed. M. "Stroyizdat", 1984, pp. 9-10.

 2. V.V. Sysun, Yu.Ya. Koroteev. "Solar fluid heater." RF patent N 2108520, class F 24 G 2/04. Publ. 04/10/98. Bull. N 10.

 3. Yu.G. Basov, V.V. Sysun. "Solar fluid heater." RF application N 98120040/06 (022019), prior. 11/04/98

Claims (4)

 1. Sysun-Stepnov washing solar unit, containing a tank filled with water and at least partially insulated with an inlet and one or more outlet pipes and valves, blocked in the upper part facing the sun by optically transparent insulation that shields the beam-absorbing (blackened) surface of the bottom floating in a tank of metal baking sheet on the outside, in contact with water, the surface of which is the inlet end of the flexible hose, the opposite end of which is paired with one of the output nozzles, characterized in that the tank is made of two component parts-compartments, interconnected near the bottom of the tank with one or more channels for free laminar flow of water, moreover, a floating metal pan with a flexible hose, as well as one of the outlet pipes and valves are installed together in one of the tank compartments.  2. The washing solar unit according to claim 1, characterized in that two — the larger with heated water and the smaller with cold water — the tank compartments are installed at the same level and separated from each other by a vertical partition made of a material with low thermal conductivity, for example, plastic, forming a slot channel with a tank bottom for laminar water flow.  3. The washing solar unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the components of the tank with heated and cold water are made in the form of two interconnected independent channel compartments-tanks with outlet pipes installed in each of them, interconnected via water-folding fittings with tee-mixer and shut-off valves.  4. A washing solar unit according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the part of the side of the heater compartment of the tank with heated water facing the sun is mounted on a hinged screen.

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