RU216735U1 - The working body of the cultivator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to the working bodies of cultivators for continuous and inter-row tillage. The proposed working body of the cultivator contains a frame, a spring-loaded C-shaped column with a percussion mechanism and a lancet paw, the lever of the percussion mechanism is an elastic curved plate, its upper end is rigidly fixed on the C-shaped column with the possibility of adjusting the position in height, while the ratio of the mass of the drummer and the coefficient of rigidity of the elastic lever provides the frequency of natural oscillations of the impact mechanism equal to the average frequency of forced oscillations of the elastic C-shaped tine of the cultivator in the process of tillage. The result of using the proposed design is to increase the degree of crumbling of the soil through the use of an impact mechanism operating in a resonant mode. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to the working bodies of cultivators for continuous and inter-row tillage.

Known design of the working body of the anti-erosion cultivator KPE-3.8, which includes a frame, an elastic C-shaped rack and a lancet paw [Karpenko A.N., Khalanskiy V.M. Agreecultural machines. Agreecultural equipment. - M: Agropromizdat, 1989]. During the operation of the cultivator, due to the variable nature of the soil resistance force, periodic oscillatory movements of the elastic rack and the paw fixed on it occur, while there is a slight decrease in the value of traction resistance and the quality of processing increases.

At the same time, the low frequency of oscillations, as well as the impossibility of adjusting the rigidity of the elastic strut, limits the efficiency of using this working body on soils of various textures and properties, and there is practically no increase in the quality indicators of tillage.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is the working body of the cultivator [UA, utility model patent No. 28178, A01B 33/00. The working body of the cultivator // L.F. Babitsky, V.I. Tarasenko, Yu.Yu. Kusenko. Claimed 08/03/2007, published 11/26/2007], consisting of a frame, a C-shaped rack and a lancet paw. On the rear side of the rack, a pendulum-type impact mechanism is fixed, the upper part of which is pivotally attached to the rack with the possibility of adjusting the position in height, and the working length of the pendulum rocking arm can be changed. Periodically repeated strikes of the pendulum impact mechanism on the elastic stand provide the vibration of the cultivator paw, which contributes to a better quality of soil cultivation and a decrease in the traction resistance of the working body.

The disadvantage of the design is the low frequency of collisions of the striker with the rack, due to the significant value of the oscillation period of the pendulum striker, depending on the length of the lever, and averaging 1...3 Hz. As a result, the shock and vibration impact of the working body on the soil does not have sufficient intensity to achieve a tangible positive effect.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to reduce traction resistance and increase the degree of crumbling of the soil by increasing the frequency of impact by using an impact mechanism with a lever made in the form of an elastic curved plate, while the ratio of the mass of the impactor and the stiffness coefficient of the elastic lever provides the natural frequency of the impact mechanism equal to the average frequency of forced oscillations of the elastic C-shaped tine of the cultivator during tillage and can reach 10...30 Hz.

The problem is solved by the fact that the working body of the cultivator, containing a frame, an elastic C-shaped column with a percussion mechanism and a lancet paw, characterized in that the lever of the percussion mechanism is an elastic curved plate, rigidly fixed with its upper end on the C-shaped column with the possibility of regulation position in height, the ratio of the mass of the striker and the coefficient of rigidity of the elastic lever m/s=0.000028-0.000248 kg⋅m/kN.

The device is illustrated by a drawing.

обеспечивает частоту собственных колебаний ударного механизма равной средней частоте вынужденных колебаний упругой С-образной стойки культиватора в процессе почвообработкиThe proposed working body of the cultivator contains a frame, a spring-loaded C-shaped column with an impact mechanism and a lancet paw, an impact mechanism lever, which is an elastic curved plate, rigidly fixed with its upper end on the C-shaped column with the possibility of adjusting the position in height, while using a drummer weighing from 0.1 to 1.5 kg and an elastic lever with a stiffness coefficient ranging from 3.55 to 5.95 kN/m in accordance with the formula

provides the frequency of natural oscillations of the impact mechanism equal to the average frequency of forced oscillations of the elastic C-shaped tine of the cultivator in the process of tillage

The working body of the cultivator (Fig. 1) contains: a frame 1, a C-shaped elastic rack 2 with a lancet paw 3 and an impact mechanism consisting of an elastic lever 4 and a drummer 5, fixed on the rack 2 with a clamp 6.

The working body of the cultivator works as follows.

In the course of work, due to periodically repeating phases of deformation and chipping of the soil, the elastic strut 2 with the working body 3 of the cultivator begins to make forced oscillations in the longitudinal plane. At the same time, the shock mechanism, fixed on the back side of the oscillating elastic rack 2, consisting of the elastic lever 4 and the striker 5, also begins to oscillate and periodically collide with the elastic rack 2. Since the natural frequency of the shock mechanism coincides with the frequency of forced oscillations, a resonant mode occurs work and the intensity of impact on the rack 2 with the working body 3 increases. Before starting work, depending on the soil conditions and the specified modes of tillage, the length of the active part of the elastic lever 4 is adjusted and the striker 5 of the required mass is installed.

Example.

Frequency n _{s of} forced vibrations of the cultivator's elastic strut:

,

,

where V _p is the speed of movement of the working body;

- длина участка скалывания почвы.

- the length of the soil chipping area.

определяется следующим образом:According to the theory of Professor BC Zhegalov, the length of the section cut off in front of the paw

is defined as follows:

where h is the depth of processing, m;

α - angle of paw entry into the soil, α=25°;

ϕ _K - angle of friction, ϕ _K =45°.

After substituting formula (2) into formula (1), we obtain:

Calculations made according to formula (3) show that for a working speed of 6 km/h, with a working depth of 6 cm, an angle of entry of the paw into the soil of 25° and a friction angle of 45°, the frequency of forced oscillations will be 10.1 Hz. Such a frequency of free vibrations is possessed by an impact mechanism having a striker with a mass of 1.4 kg and a rigidity of the elastic lever of 5.6 kN/m.

Thus, the result of using the proposed design is to reduce the traction resistance of the working body and increase the degree of crumbling of the soil through the use of an impact mechanism operating in a resonant mode.

Claims (1)

The working body of the cultivator, containing a frame, an elastic C-shaped column with a percussion mechanism and a lancet paw, characterized in that the lever of the percussion mechanism is an elastic curved plate, rigidly fixed with its upper end on the C-shaped column with the possibility of adjusting the position in height, mass ratio impactor and coefficient of rigidity of the elastic lever m/s=0.000028 - 0.000248 kg⋅m/kN.

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