RU216259U1 - Installation of magnetization-demagnetization - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to the field of magnetization, demagnetization of high-coercivity permanent magnets.

The magnetization-demagnetization installation contains a capacitive energy storage connected to the electrical network, as well as to a multi-turn solenoid, which is connected to the positive terminal of the capacitor, and through a programmable device to the operator panel. The capacitive storage is connected to a power source through a charger capable of controlling the current in the primary winding of the step-up transformer connected to it and with the possibility of providing it together with the step-up transformer and a rectifier connected to its secondary winding, to the positive and negative terminals of which a capacitor bank is connected, providing both the required charge energy and the time to reach the required charge value. The programmable logic controller is configured to implement modes of change in time (t) induction (B) of the magnetic field in the working area of the solenoid. The positive terminal of the capacitor bank is connected to the anode of one of the thyristors and the cathode of the other thyristor. The connection point of the cathode of the first thyristor and the anode of the other thyristor is connected to one terminal of the solenoid coil. The above thyristors are connected in parallel-counter circuit. The connection point of the thyristor cathode and the anode of another, second, thyristor is connected to the cathode of the third thyristor and to one output of the solenoid. The anode of the third thyristor is connected to the second terminal of the solenoid coil and to the negative terminal of the capacitor bank. The third thyristor is connected in parallel with the solenoid. The control electrode of the first thyristor is connected to the driver. The control electrode of the second thyristor is connected to the second driver. The control electrode of the third thyristor is connected to the third driver. In this case, all drivers are connected to a programmable logic controller.

EFFECT: obtaining different modes of the magnetic field in the solenoid without manual switching of power units in the installation and ease of operation when setting the operating mode. 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to the field of magnetization, demagnetization of high-coercivity permanent magnets, and can be used for magnetic processing of permanent magnets before their use in technical products.

Known pulse magnetizing installation (RU 52285 U1, H01F 13/00, 10.03.2006), taken as a prototype. The pulsed magnetizing installation contains a capacitive energy storage device connected to a power supply unit, a switching device and through it to the mains supply, and simultaneously to an inductor through a diode block and a switching unit, as well as a control unit connected to the control inputs of the switching device, the switching unit and control panel, characterized in that it additionally introduced a programmable device connected to the control unit and containing a microprocessor connected to a digital-to-analog converter, a character-synthesizing indicator and a keyboard, with an output for connecting a personal computer. In the case of a parallel connection with the capacitors of the diode block, only the first half-wave of the pulsed current passes through the inductor. In this case, a unipolar magnetic field pulse arises in the working zone of the inductor, with the help of which a permanent magnet or a magnetic system is magnetized. In the case of a parallel connection of a block of diodes with an ignitron (thyristor), a bipolar pulse occurs in the inductor, while magnetization occurs in series, then demagnetization and remagnetization of the permanent magnet.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the switching of the diode unit from the position parallel to the capacitors in the capacitive energy storage device to the position parallel to the ignitron (thyristor) in the switching unit is performed manually by reconnecting the power wires each time the prototype operation mode is changed.

The technical result of the claimed solution is obtaining different modes of the magnetic field in the solenoid without manually switching power units in the installation, ease of use when setting the operating mode, expanding the arsenal of tools for a specific purpose.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the magnetization-demagnetization installation, containing a capacitive energy storage connected to the electrical network, as well as to an inductor in the form of a multi-turn solenoid, which is connected to the positive terminal of the capacitor, and through a programmable device to the operator panel, moreover, the capacitive storage is connected to the power source through the charger, made with the ability to control the current in the primary winding of the step-up transformer connected to it and with the possibility of providing it together with the step-up transformer and the rectifier connected to its secondary winding, to the positive and negative terminals of which a capacitor bank is connected, providing both the necessary energy charge, and the time to reach the required charge value, and the programming device is made in the form of a controller, moreover, the positive terminal of the capacitor bank is connected to the anode of one of the thyristors and the cathode of the other thyristor ra, moreover, the connection point of the cathode of the first thyristor and the anode of the other thyristor is connected to one terminal of the solenoid coil, and the aforementioned thyristors are connected in parallel-opposite circuit, the connection point of the thyristor cathode and the anode of the other, second, thyristor is connected to the cathode of the third thyristor and with one terminal solenoid, the anode of the third thyristor is connected to the second terminal of the solenoid coil and to the negative terminal of the capacitor bank, the third thyristor is connected in parallel with the solenoid, the control electrode of the thyristor of the first thyristor is connected to the driver, the control electrode of the second thyristor is connected to the second driver, the control electrode of the third thyristor is connected to the third driver , moreover, all drivers are connected to a programmable logic controller.

Figure 1 shows the electrical circuit of the installation.

In FIG. 2 shows the change in time (t) of the induction (B) of the magnetic field in the working area of the solenoid in a periodically damped mode.

In FIG. 3 shows the change in time (t) of the induction (B) of the magnetic field in the working area of the solenoid in the periodic damped mode of the first period.

In FIG. 4 shows the change in time (t) of the induction (B) of the magnetic field in the working area of the solenoid in the periodic damped mode of the first half-cycle.

Accepted designations in the diagram of Fig.1:

1 charger;

2-step-up transformer;

3-bridge rectifier;

4-capacitive energy storage in the form of a capacitor bank;

5-thyristor;

6 thyristor;

7 thyristor;

8- inductor in the form of a multi-turn solenoid;

9 - driver;

10 - driver;

11 - driver;

12 - programmable logic controller, configured to implement modes of change in time (t) induction (B) of the magnetic field in the working area of the solenoid: periodic damped; periodic damped first period, periodic damped first half-cycle.

13 - operator panel.

The installation (figure 1) contains: a capacitor bank 4 connected to an industrial network through a charger 1, configured to control the current in the primary winding of the step-up transformer 2 connected to it and with the possibility of providing, together with the step-up transformer and the rectifier connected to its secondary winding 3, to the positive and negative terminals of which a capacitor bank 4 is connected, providing both the necessary charge energy and the time to reach the required charge value.

The positive terminal of the capacitor bank 4 is connected to the anode of the thyristor 5 and the cathode of the thyristor 6, the connection point of the cathode of the thyristor 5 and the anode of the thyristor 6 is connected to one terminal of the solenoid coil 8, the second terminal of the coil of the solenoid 8 is connected to the negative terminal of the capacitor bank 4. Thyristors 5 and 6 are connected in a parallel-opposite pattern. The connection point of the thyristor 5 cathode and the thyristor 6 anode is connected to the thyristor 7 cathode and to one output of the solenoid 8, the anode of the thyristor 7 is connected to the second output of the solenoid 8 coil and to the negative terminal of the capacitor bank 4. The thyristor 7 is connected in parallel to the solenoid 8.

The control electrode of thyristor 5 is connected to driver 9, the control electrode of thyristor 6 is connected to driver 10, the control electrode of thyristor 7 is connected to driver 11. Drivers 9, 10 and 11 are connected to programmable logic controller 12, which in turn is connected to operator panel 13.

The programmable logic controller 12 may be referred to as a digital computer, a control circuit, an information computing unit or device, and so on. It can be implemented in the form of one or more printed circuit boards based on a programmable microcontroller or a specialized digital signal processor designed for digital control of electrical devices. The controller is implemented from the condition of providing the ability to control the set value of the charge voltage of the battery of capacitors 4 and the formation of control signals for the drivers 9-11 of the thyristors 5-7 in one of the modes of operation of the demagnetization magnetization unit (Fig.2-4), as well as in response to changes in the controlled value charge voltage of the battery of capacitors 4 in real time, protecting the elements of the installation from emergency conditions (from overheating, overcurrent and voltage, etc.), as well as solving common problems in the system in which this installation is used.

After the battery of capacitors 4 is charged to the voltage value set from the operator panel 13, a signal is sent from the programmable logic controller 12 through drivers 9 and 10 by supplying current pulses from the drivers to the control electrodes of the thyristor 5 and 6, providing a periodic damped mode of discharging the battery of capacitors 4 to the solenoid coil 8 until the discharge is completely attenuated. The energy of the electric field, initially stored in the capacitor bank 4, gradually turns into the internal energy of the solenoid coil 8, the amplitudes of oscillations of all electrical quantities decrease until the oscillations completely stop. Permanent magnets are demagnetized. View of the change in the magnetic field in the working area of the solenoid in a periodic damped mode is shown in Fig.2. The mode is intended for demagnetization of permanent magnets.

After the battery of capacitors 4 is charged to the voltage value set from the operator panel 13, a signal is sent from the programmable logic controller 12 through drivers 9 and 10 by supplying current pulses from the drivers to the control electrodes of the thyristor 5 and 6, providing a periodic damped mode of discharging the battery of capacitors 4 to the solenoid coil 8 until the discharge is completely attenuated. The energy of the electric field, initially stored in the capacitor bank 4, gradually turns into the internal energy of the solenoid coil 8, the amplitudes of oscillations of all electrical quantities are limited by the first discharge period. There is a remagnetization of permanent magnets. The change in the magnetic field induction in the working area of the solenoid in the periodic damped mode of the first period is shown in Fig.3. The mode is designed to measure the characteristics of permanent magnets by magnetization reversal in pulsed magnetometry systems.

After charging the battery of capacitors 4 to the voltage value set from the operator panel 13, a signal is sent to the logic controller 12 through drivers 9 and 11 by supplying current pulses from the drivers to the control electrodes of the thyristor 5 and 7, providing a periodic damped mode of discharging the battery of capacitors 4 to the coil of the solenoid 8 within the first half-cycle of the discharge when the thyristor 5 is turned on. The thyristor 7 turns on after the transition of the first half-cycle of the discharge through the maximum value. The energy of the electric field, initially stored in the capacitor bank 4, gradually turns into the internal energy of the solenoid coil 8, the amplitudes of all electrical quantities decrease to zero due to losses in the active resistance of the solenoid coil 8. Permanent magnets are magnetized. A view of the change in the magnetic field induction in the working area of the solenoid in a periodically damped mode of the first half-cycle of a unipolar pulse is shown in Fig. 4. The mode is intended for magnetization of permanent magnets.

The magnetization-demagnetization unit provides complete demagnetization of most types of permanent magnets in a periodic damped mode, can be effectively used to magnetize all types of permanent magnets in a periodic damped mode of the first half-cycle of a unipolar pulse, can be used to control residual induction and coercive force in a periodic damped mode of the first period in pulsed magnetometry systems.

Claims (1)

The magnetization-demagnetization installation, containing a capacitive energy storage connected to the electrical network, as well as to a multi-turn solenoid, which is connected to the positive terminal of the capacitor, and through a programmable device to the operator panel, and the capacitive storage is connected to the power source through a charger configured to current control in the primary winding of the step-up transformer connected to it and with the possibility of providing, together with the step-up transformer and the rectifier connected to its secondary winding, to the positive and negative terminals of which a capacitor bank is connected, providing both the necessary charge energy and the time to reach the required charge value, and the programmable logic controller is configured to implement modes of change in time (t) induction (B) of the magnetic field in the working area of the solenoid: periodic damped; periodic damped first period, periodic damped first half-cycle, and the positive terminal of the capacitor bank is connected to the anode of one of the thyristors and the cathode of the other thyristor, the connection point of the cathode of the first thyristor and the anode of the other thyristor is connected to one terminal of the solenoid coil, and the aforementioned thyristors are connected in parallel-opposite circuit, the connection point of the thyristor cathode and the anode of another, second, thyristor is connected to the cathode of the third thyristor and to one output of the solenoid, the anode of the third thyristor is connected to the second output of the solenoid coil and to the negative terminal of the capacitor bank, the third thyristor is connected in parallel to the solenoid, the control electrode of the first thyristor connected to the driver, the control electrode of the second thyristor is connected to the second driver, the control electrode of the third thyristor is connected to the third driver, and all drivers are connected to the programmable logic controller.

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