RU2156890C1 - Method for mounting axial-flow blower fan - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mounting large fans in limited space. SUBSTANCE: method used for mounting blower fans in locations such as subway trunks where there are no tracks for conveying large parts and for mounting separate parts of fan whose size is greater than that of mounting and auxiliary openings in enclosed subway ventilation trunks where there are no repair-purpose tracks involves removal of all mechanisms and items interfering with passage of part through mounting opening. Parts whose size is still greater than that of mounting opening upon removal of mechanisms and protruding items are split into separate items by cutting their bodies along radial line in horizontal plane; very large gate assembly is enclosed in fixing device upon removal of gate valves and halving its body so as to prevent damage to its body by hauling slings. Case of diffuser together with its core is split in relatively perpendicular planes. When fan length exceeds longitudinal dimension of trunk, part of diffuser case and its core are cut in vertical plane and supporting frame is accordingly shortened. EFFECT: facilitated procedure. 5 cl, 14 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to methods for installing powerful fans in confined spaces, for example, in underground mines, which have no ways to transport bulky nodes.

 To improve the comfort and quality of ventilation in the Moscow Metro, periodically replace the working fans with more powerful ones. And since more powerful fans have larger dimensions and weight, they need to be installed in the workspace through mounting and technological openings not designed for the dimensions of a powerful fan, to increase the volume of ventilation shafts and the dimensions of mounting openings in long-built metro structures or to reconstruct transport routes to ventilation shafts is associated with large investments and is not always possible.

 The most rational solution to the problem may be the assembly in place of the mechanism from nodes and elements whose overall dimensions would allow them to be delivered to the mines through existing installation and technological openings.

 A known method of assembly-disassembly of fan installations, for example 4-VU-15 (see the magazine "Coal" for 1996, N 7, p. 45), which provides for the use of prefabricated units made in a collapsible version, providing the opportunity dismantling the installation and re-installing it in a new place with a minimum amount of construction work.

 The method described in the journal is suitable only for mounting a fan installation on the earth's surface after planning the site and making the foundation.

 Known axial fan and method of assembly (see RF patent N 2061907, class F 04 D 19/00, publ. 06/10/96), which consists in installing a sleeve with protrusions inside the housing, mounting an electric motor and impeller and securing the sleeve on the housing, and before installing the sleeve is deployed to a position in which it has a maximum overall dimension less than the diameter of the cylindrical surface of the housing. Then the axes of the spherical surfaces of the sleeve are combined until the longitudinal axes of the sleeve and the housing coincide, as well as the spherical surfaces of the protrusions of the sleeve and the body, after which the electric motor and fairing are mounted, the fan wheel is mounted on the axis of the electric motor and the sleeve is fixed to the body with pins and screws.

 The complexity of the installation according to the known method and the supply of the fan design with additional cavities is caused by extremely high requirements for the dimensions and weight of the mechanisms mounted in spacecraft.

 The closest in technical essence to the claimed method is a method of dismantling and mounting an axial discharge fan of the Czech company ZVVZ Milevsko (see the Installation and Operating Instructions for fans of the APC 1400 model and the APC 1800 model for ventilation of underground rooms, published in 1997, p. 4 -6), adopted as a prototype.

 The known method is mainly focused on mounting in a mine a fan assembled at the factory, lowered into an open shaft using a lifting mechanism, the electric motor being lowered separately and inserted into the diffuser core after fixing the latter to the foundation in the shaft. The assembled fan (without engine) weighs more than five tons, which makes high demands on the power of the lifting mechanism and the strength of the slings. The prototype also provides for the gradual separation of the fan into separate nodes, for which they first remove or open the upper part of the diffuser and the core and remove the servomotor, separate the support frame, remove the upper halves of the core, the diffuser casing and dismantle the suction pipe. Separated nodes are lowered into the open shaft and assemble in the reverse order.

 Installation of the fan in the shaft from individual nodes can be carried out using conventional sling-lifting mechanisms.

 However, the transverse dimensions of the nodes separated from each other remain the same, which makes it impossible to transport them through existing mounting openings and transport routes of the current subway.

 The aim of the present invention is the implementation of the installation of a powerful fan, the individual nodes of which exceed the dimensions of the mounting openings of the underground underground shafts that do not have transport routes for repair purposes, while maintaining and restoring performance.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the design of the nodes, which in their dimensions cannot be transported through the mounting openings, is cut along the symmetry axes into elements, moreover, the cylindrical nodes: the suction pipe, the housing of the impeller and the guide apparatus, as well as the slide device, are cut along the radial line lying in the horizontal plane. The diffuser body together with its core is cut in mutually perpendicular planes, the intersection line of which coincides with the central axis of the fan. To attenuate the harmful effects of bending forces when slinging a cut case of a sliding vane device, the diameter of which is 2.5 m, fixing arcuate devices and pins are used to connect fixing arcs to each half of the housing. The length of the pins is selected so that the sector mounted during transportation freely passes into the opening to the installation site of the housing, where the latter is released from the fixing device. After mounting all the nodes, the electric motor is installed and the alignment of the motor shaft with the main shaft is checked.

The accompanying drawings show:
FIG. 1 - axial discharge fan assembly.

 FIG. 2 - suction pipe in two projections.

 FIG. 3 - casing of the impeller.

 FIG. 4 - the same housing without an impeller.

 FIG. 5 - two projections of the guide apparatus.

 FIG. 6 - a diffuser in two projections with a supporting platform for an electric motor mounted inside it.

 FIG. 7 - slide device in two projections.

 FIG. 8 - fixing device.

 FIG. 9 - sector, formed by the housing of the slide device and the fixing device.

 FIG. 10 - the housing of the guide apparatus and the diffuser housing cut in a vertical plane coaxially with it.

 FIG. 11 - an annular insert with a flange.

 FIG. 12 - connection of the trimmed diffuser body using an annular insert with the housing of the guide apparatus.

 FIG. 13 - two projections of the support frame.

 FIG. 14 is a diagram of the alignment of the motor shaft with the main fan shaft by means of a laser beam.

 APC axial discharge fans (APC) are supplied assembled from the Czech Republic. (Motor 1 is optional). In order to mount the fan inside the shaft through the existing mounting openings, disassemble the fan into separate nodes according to the instructions of the fan manufacturer.

 Remove the upper part of the diffuser housing 2 (see also Fig. 6) and the core 3. Loosen the bolts under the servomotors 4 and 5. The slide device 6 is fixed with a sling and loosen the bolts 7, which connect the slide device 6 to the diffuser 2, after which the slide device is transferred to the site for further dismantling. Remove the cover 8 and the upper half of the core 3 of the suction pipe 9, which is fixed with a sling and loosen the bolts 10 of the connecting flange by disconnecting the pipe 9. They are released from the support frame 11, all the upper halves of the core 3 are removed, the case 12 of the diffuser 2, the case 13 of the impeller 14 are separated (see also Figs. 3 and 4), the housing 22 of the guide apparatus.

 Due to the large transverse dimensions, the fan assemblies that are separated from each other cannot be passed through the existing mounting openings into the shaft, then the nodes are divided into elements, loosening the bolt fasteners of the interconnected structures and cutting the largest structures of the nodes along the radial planes symmetrically to each other.

 At the suction pipe 9, the grill 16 is removed, while the body of the pipe 9 is cut along the line A-B (see Fig. 2), which is radial, passes through the center "O" of the fan and lies in the horizontal plane of the assembled fan. The line AB is the axis of symmetry for the pipe 9 and divides its body into two equal halves 17 - the upper (shown by a dotted line) and lower half 18, from which the lower half of the core 3 with the stand 19 for the servomotor 4 is removed. To the edges of the elements formed after cutting the structure , weld the flanges with holes for bolt fastening of the cut parts of the nodes.

 On the impeller 14, part of its blades 20 is removed from opposite sides, which allows the impeller 14 with the left blades to be inserted into the mounting opening. The housing 13 itself (see FIGS. 3 and 4) is divided into two halves along the line C-D after loosening the bolts on the flanges 21 provided on both sides of the housing 13.

 The housing 22 of the guide vane (see Fig. 5) is disconnected from the guide plates 23, loosen the fastening bolts 24 of the flanges on the E-F line and divide the guide vane along this line into two halves, i.e. a disk 25 with corresponding guide plates and a housing 22, the lower half of which has shoes 26. The main bearing 27 is removed together with the main shaft 28.

 Due to its bulkiness, the diffuser housing 12 is divided into four parts, like the core 29, after having removed the base 30 for the electric motor 1. Separation is carried out by cutting the diffuser housing along mutually perpendicular planes: the horizontal plane GH and vertical JK, the intersection line of which coincides with the central fan axis. This separation allows the passage of the core elements 29 without removing the hard supports 31 with the shoes 32 and pipes 33 (for introducing electrical wires into the fan) through the mounting opening, as well as the elements of the housing 12 of the diffuser 2 to the place of their installation in the shaft after attaching to the cut edges flanges.

 The most time-consuming process is the dismantling and transportation of the elements of the slide gate device due to the large diameter (2.5 m) of its housing 34 (see Fig. 7) and the sensitivity of the latter in the disassembled state to impacts and bending forces during slinging and transportation. Therefore, remove from the axis 35 all the slide gate valves 36, remove the bolts from the holes 15 of the shutters 36.

 After the axes 35 are completely removed, the housing 34 and the core 37 are separated along the line M-N, which coincides with their horizontal circle diameters.

 To protect the semicircles of the housing 34 from bending forces during slinging and the effects of shock loads during transportation through the mounting opening and placement in a cramped shaft, a fixing device made of an arc 38 (see Fig. 8) and threaded rods 39 (see Fig. 9) is used. ), the length of which is selected depending on the width of the opening so that the sector structure formed by half of the housing 34 and the fixing arch 38 can be freely passed by the end part into the mounting opening into the shaft, where the housing halves are freed from fixation driving device.

 In the case when the horizontal shaft size does not allow the fan to be placed, then part of the body 12 of the diffuser 2 and its core 29 are shortened by the required length L (see Figs. 2 and 6), making a cut along the vertical plane R-Q. Since after removing the cut-off part (see Fig. 10), the diameter of the diffuser body 12 is larger than the diameter of the guide apparatus mating with it 22, an annular insert (see Fig. 11) with an annular flange 40 and a spherical part 41 is used. An annular flange 40 are welded to the inner surface of the diffuser body 12 along the cut-off line RQ together with its spherical part 41, which ensures smooth coupling of the inner surface of the diffuser 2 with the inner surface of the housing 22 of the guide apparatus (see Fig. 12), which prevents the formation of air vortices during fan operation.

 The support frame 11 (see Fig. 13) is also shortened along the longitudinal axis by the value L. In order to maintain the landing pads 42 for supporting and securing the shoe 26 (see also Fig. 5) of the guide apparatus 15, a part of the construction of the support frame is cut along vertical planes XY and WZ, spaced from each other at a distance L. Separated parts of the support are moved end to end and welded.

 First, during mounting, the support frame 11 is fixed with anchor bolts. The foundation of the fan is poured with liquid concrete and waiting for its hardening.

 Installation of nodes is carried out in the reverse order.

 Mount the gate device, starting with the core 37, the cylindrical halves of which are bolted together by the flanges, are installed on the supporting platforms 43 (see Fig. 13) shoes 44 of the lower half of the housing 34 (see Fig. 7), and they are mounted on the base plate 11. Mount the axis 35 with the slide valves 36 on the core 37 installed in the slide device.

 Installation of the diffuser 2 also begins immediately with its core 29 (see Fig. 6), the reinforcement of the lower quarters of which, i.e. pipes 33 and struts 31 of the support are pushed through the corresponding holes of the lower parts of the body 12 of the diffuser, also divided into four parts. The shoes 32 are attached to the supports 31, the separated parts of the core 29 and the housing 12 of the diffuser 2 are bolted together. The base 30 for the electric motor 1 is placed inside the core and welded to the core 29 as soon as the horizontal position of the base support platform 30 is adjusted. Using the bolts 7 (see Fig. 1) connect the lower halves of the casings of the slide device 6 and the diffuser 2. Install the electric motor 1 on the support platform of the base 30 and make preliminary adjustments using the lifting mechanism. The main bearing 27 and the bearing 45 are put on the main shaft 28 (see Figs. 1 and 14), which are connected to the shaft of the electric motor 1 by means of a coupling 46.

 A guide apparatus is assembled (see Fig. 5), starting with mounting of the disk 25, in the central hole of which the main bearing 27 is mounted and the elements of the radius-divided disk 25 are bolted together, on which the housing 47 with the guide planes 23 are mounted, and this whole structure is placed inside the housing 22. The shoes of the latter are installed on the landing pads 43 (see Fig. 13) of the support frame 11 and fixed with bolts. The guide apparatus 15 is connected to the diffuser by bolt tightening of their flanges 48 (see Fig. 1) or in the case of using a trimmed diffuser of the flanges of the guide apparatus and an annular insert welded to the diffuser (see Figs. 11 and 12).

 Halves of the housing 13 are joined together, the impeller 14 is mounted inside the main shaft 28. The previously removed blades 20 are mounted at a given angle and the housing 13 is bolted to the housing of the guide apparatus 13.

 And finally, the elements of the suction pipe 9 are assembled (see Fig. 2) by attaching the upper half of the core 3 to the lower half provided with a stand 19 for mechanisms placed in this part of the fan. The assembled core 3 is installed in the housing of the suction pipe 9, which is attached to the housing of the impeller using bolts 10 (see Fig. 1). The servomotor 4 is placed inside, the grill 16 is fixed on the nozzle and the core 3 is closed with a cover 8.

 At the opposite end of the fan, inside the core 37, a servomotor 5 is placed with all the mechanisms for adjusting the position of the gate valves 36 and the corresponding connections are made. Attach the grill 49 to the end part of the gate device 6.

 To check the alignment of the main shaft 28 and the motor shaft 1 connected through the coupling 46, a control circuit is used (see Fig. 14), which is mounted after the installation of the fan with the diffuser open from above for the duration of the test. A device 50 with a laser 51 and laser-sensitive photodiode 52 is mounted on the main shaft 28, and the trihedral prism 53 of total internal reflection is mounted on the shaft half of the motor 1 so that the laser beam 51 reflected by the prism 53 acts on the photodiode 52, the output signal of which is amplified amplifier 54 and compared in the adder 55 with the reference signal is extracted from the chip 56 read-only memory (ROM) after applying a pulse from the clock generator 57. The resulting signal is fed to the input of the indicator 58.

The alignment check is carried out at four points of the orthogonal planes, in which the laser 51 and the trihedral prism 53 are fixed after the connected shafts rotate 90 ^° .

 When deviations are detected, the position of the electric motor 1 is adjusted using the pads that are placed between the base 30 and the supporting platform of the electric motor 1.

 Thus, the proposed method allows you to mount a fan from nodes that, due to their overall dimensions, cannot be passed through the mounting openings of the ventilation shafts of the metro not only in Moscow, but also in other subways of the Russian Federation, as well as near and far abroad, where For reasons it is impossible to expand the size of the mounting openings and the volume of the chambers of the ventilation shafts. The invention allows you to save all the operating characteristics of the fan after installation.

 The present invention will allow the reconstruction of ventilation systems without significant capital costs for the expansion of installation openings and especially ventilation rooms, use lifting mechanisms of lower power than recommended by the manufacturer of the fan for installation.

Claims (5)

 1. The method of mounting the axial discharge fan at the place of its operation with the help of a sling-lifting mechanism, according to which, before installation, the fan is gradually divided into separate nodes, for which the upper part of the diffuser body, the upper parts of the cores are removed and the servomotors are removed, the supporting frame and the suction are separated pipe, and the installation is carried out in the reverse order, characterized in that if it is impossible to transport the said nodes separated from each other through the mounting and technological e openings of the underground ventilation shafts make further separation of the mentioned units into their components, for which they remove the lid and grilles from the ends of the suction pipe and the slide device, several blades from the impeller, fully slide shutters with their axes, loosen the bolts and divide into two halves a disk with plates of the guide apparatus and the main bearing with the main shaft is removed from the latter, the supports for the seromotors and the base for the electric motor are removed, cut along the radial lines lying in the horizontal plane of the fan into two symmetrical halves each of the cases of the suction pipe, impeller, guide vane and the slide device with their cores, and the diffuser body with its core and valves on four elements along mutually perpendicular planes, the intersection line of which coincides with the central with the fan axis, flanges with holes for bolt fastening are welded to the edges of the halves and elements formed from the cut, with which, at the place of operation The electric motor combines the separated housings and cores into uniform structures of the corresponding units, which are installed sequentially on the base plate, starting with a sliding device, to which the diffuser housing is connected, to the diffuser housing - the guide vane housing, to the guide vane housing - the impeller casing and the impeller casing - the suction pipe casing, the shoes of the gate device, the diffuser and the guide apparatus are fixed on the base plate, mounted inside previously removed the mechanisms inside the corresponding nodes with the upper parts of the nodes open, set the removed impeller blades at a predetermined angle, which are connected to the main shaft, the main bearing of which is fixed in the hole of the guide apparatus disk, put on the ends of the fan of the grill and cover, lower the electric motor and fix the latter its base inside the diffuser.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before transporting the divided casing of the slide device through the mounting and technological opening on each half of the case of the slide device, a fixing device is strengthened, the arc of which is connected to a separate half of the case by means of pins, the threaded ends of which are passed through the openings of the arc devices and openings of the half of the housing of the slide device and fasten with nuts on the curved surface of the housing and the concave surface of the arc so that the time Naya design in the form of sectors could be passed freely in slings lifting mechanism through the mounting opening and Technology in underground mine, where the device disassembled and released from the housing half of the fixture.  3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a part of the diffuser body and part of its core adjacent to the guide apparatus are cut off in a vertical plane perpendicular to the central axis of the fan, the strip of the diffuser body, after removal of which the assembled fan can be placed in the shaft , the dimensions of which in the horizontal plane are smaller than the fan from the factory, and for bolting the diffuser housing with the housing of the guide apparatus, use the annular flange of a prefabricated annular sun part, the spherical part of which is mounted inside the diffuser and welded from the inside to the generatrix of the diffuser body.  4. The method according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that a part of its structure is cut out in the support frame along two vertical planes parallel to each other, perpendicular to the central axis of the fan and spaced from each other at a distance that is taken equal to the said strip, a width which formed the diffuser body and its core, then the separated elements of the support frame are lowered through the mounting and technological aperture into the shaft, the separate elements of the support frame are moved and connected by welding along the cut line.  5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after completing the installation of the fan in the shaft and installing inside its engine, the alignment of the motor shaft and the main shaft connected to the impeller is checked, on which the device of the measuring device with laser radiation is temporarily mounted against each other , which is directed parallel to the axis of the main shaft, and the prism of total internal reflection, and the trihedral prism is mounted on the motor shaft coupling, the laser beam reflected from the prism is sensitive m to laser radiation by a photodetector, the output signal of which, after amplification, is compared in amplitude with a reference signal that is extracted from a read-only memory, and the resulting signal is fed to the indicator input, and control is carried out at four points of mutually perpendicular planes of space in which the laser is fixed and a trihedral prism after rotation of the shafts connected through the coupling for every 90%, the detected deviations from the alignment are eliminated with the help of gaskets of the corresponding thickness, which bias towards the support between the base and the motor.

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