RU2155486C2 - Macaroni product manufacture apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food engineering. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has doughing hopper with press chamber of auger type provided with perforated die, and cutting head positioned at outer side in opposed relation to cutting die and provided with rotating knife having at least one peripheral cutting edge adhering to die surface. Cutting edges are made acinaciform in plan and have constant thickness. EFFECT: increased efficiency by optimized construction and improved operating characteristics. 11 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of food engineering and can be used for a variety of agricultural enterprises engaged in the production of pasta.

 There are a number of analogues of the invention of both domestic and foreign development (see, for example, ed. Certificate of the USSR N 1630718, IPC A 21 C 1/06, 1991 and N 984428, IPC A 21 C 11/20, 1982, Japanese applications N 58-37824, IPC A 21 C 11/18, 1983 and N 57-10700, IPC A 21 C 3/02, 1962, etc.).

 A significant drawback of the design of the known analogues of the claimed unit is that in them the blades of the knives of the cutting heads are made flat with a straight cutting edge.

 The operating experience of aggregates of this kind showed that the blades of knives of this configuration have low rigidity. Their work is accompanied by sufficiently large cutting forces, the presence of high-frequency transverse vibrations and the adherence of the cut-off product to them, which ultimately negatively affects the quality of the segments of the latter (leads to crushing).

 In addition, the sharpening of the cutting edges of the blades of such knives, as they become dull, is associated with certain difficulties, mainly due to the need for a rather complicated spatial orientation of the blades and the grinding tool.

 Also known are multi-blade cross-shaped and other knives with a straight cutting edge, as well as sickle-shaped with a broken cutting edge having a multi-faceted front surface (see, for example, the meat and dairy industry magazine "Meat and milk", N 2, 1997. Specified knives are intended for meat processing machines, most of which are complex in design, and their work is accompanied by sufficiently large cutting forces and crushing of the cut product.

 The latter circumstance is insignificant, for example, in the development of minced meat, but is of fundamental importance in the manufacture of pasta.

 Of the known analogues of the proposed technical solution, the closest (prototype) can be a unit for the production of pasta according to the application N 94008826 of Russia, IPC A 23 L 1/16, A 21 C 1/06, dated 16.03.94.

 The specified unit contains a test preparation hopper with a screw press chamber equipped with a perforated matrix, and mounted on the outside, opposite the matrix, a cutting head with a rotating knife, made in the form of an annular disk with one or more peripheral blades equally spaced in the circumferential direction with a straight cutting edge adjacent to the surface of the matrix.

 However, the prototype, due to the features of the design of the cutting head knife, has the same disadvantages as the considered analogues.

 The objective of the present invention is to optimize the design of the knife of the cutting head of the inventive unit for the manufacture of pasta and the improvement on this basis of its performance.

 In accordance with the invention, the goal is achieved by the fact that in the proposed unit for the production of pasta, the knife blades of the cutting head are saber-shaped in plan, with the front surface of the cutting edge representing the surface of revolution of the second or greater order, the flat rear surface of the cutting edge and straight, concave or convex profile of the back of the cross section having a constant thickness along the length.

 In this case, the rear surfaces of the cutting edges of the blades of the knife of the cutting head of the unit are located on the same plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the blade of the knife, flush with its end face, have a circular cross-section in the plan and smoothly mate with the rear surfaces of the blade by means of corresponding rounding.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:
in FIG. 1 is a General view of the inventive unit for the manufacture of pasta;
in FIG. 2 - A view from the back of a knife on a cutting head;
in FIG. 3 is a side view B of the knife of the cutting head;
in FIG. 4 is a front view B of a cutting head knife;
in FIG. 5 is a cross-section GG of the knife blade with a straight profile of the back;
in FIG. 6 is a cross section of the GG knife blade, a variant with a concave profile of the back;
in FIG. 7 is a cross section of the GG knife blade, an option with a convex profile of the back;
in FIG. 8 - profiled pipe (blank for the manufacture of knife blades),
in FIG. 9 - a ring cut from a profiled pipe;
in FIG. 10 is a diagram of a ring cutting into individual segments - knife blades;
in FIG. 11 - a separate blade of a knife.

 The inventive device for the manufacture of pasta contains a dough hopper 1 with a press chamber 2 of a screw type, equipped with a perforated matrix 3, and mounted on the outside, opposite the matrix, a cutting head 4 with a rotating knife 5, made in the form of an annular disk 6 with one or more peripheral blades 7 equally spaced in the circumferential direction adjacent to the matrix surface 8.

 The blades 7 of the knife 5 of the cutting head are saber-shaped in plan and have a constant thickness. The front surface 9 of the cutting edge 10 of each of the knife blades is a surface of rotation of the second or greater order formed by the rotation of a line (generatrix) of the corresponding configuration around a straight line lying (lying on the same plane (axis of rotation).

 A straight or curved line can be used as a generatrix.

 When the rectilinear generatrix rotates around a straight line (axis) intersecting with it, a second-order conical surface of revolution is formed.

 When a second-order line curve (for example, hyperbola, parabola) rotates around a straight line lying with it in the same plane and not being its axis, a fourth-order rotation surface is formed.

 Moreover, the profile of the back 11 of the cross section of the knife blade of the cutting head of the inventive unit can be made respectively direct (Fig. 5), concave (Fig. 6), or convex (Fig. 7).

 The back surface 12 of each of the knife blades copies the shape of the front surface 9.

 The rear surfaces 13 of the cutting edges 10 of the knife blades are located in the same plane, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 14 of the disk 6, flush with its end 15, have an annular cross-section and smoothly mate with the rear surfaces 12 of the blades by corresponding rounding 16.

 The blade 7 of the knife of the cutting head of the inventive unit can be made integral with the disk 6, for example, by casting, or separately. In the latter case, it is advisable to make them from the pipe 17 of the corresponding profile by cutting off the ring 18 from it, the height of which corresponds to the thickness of the knife disc, with its subsequent cutting into individual segments (blades) 7 of the required size.

 The connection of the blade blanks thus obtained with the disk is carried out by welding or soldering. Moreover, to facilitate the basing of the fixed blades on the outer cylindrical surface 19 of the knife disc, grooves 20 of the corresponding profile are cut.

 After welding (soldering), the rear surfaces 13 of the cutting edges of the knife blades are machined by grinding. As a result, between the rear surfaces 13 and the front surfaces 9 of the knife blades located at an acute angle to them, sharp cutting edges 10 of a curved (annular) configuration are formed.

 Due to the originality of the execution of the knife blades of the cutting head of the inventive unit have a spatially developed configuration and increased rigidity compared with known analogues of identical thickness.

 During the operation of the inventive unit, more optimal conditions for cutting the knife blades into the product being cut are achieved, in comparison with the known analogues and the prototype, with a lower cutting force and better quality of its cutting and removal from the work area without sticking to the blades.

 Sharpening the knife blades of the cutting head of the inventive unit is extremely simple and can be implemented on a conventional flat grinding machine by removing the necessary metal layer from the rear surface of the cutting edge. The number of regrinds depends on the thickness of the blade of the knife and can be quite large.

 The knife of the cutting head of the inventive unit is made of domestic structural materials using high-performance modern equipment and advanced technologies.

 With this in mind, it can be repeatedly reproduced according to the design documentation developed for it in the conditions of mass production at ordinary engineering plants.

 Prototypes of the inventive unit with saber-shaped knife blades of a cutting head (under the index "Makiz") - developed AOZT "Conversion". They passed a successful experimental test in an industrial environment in several regions of the country.

 The tests carried out confirmed the high efficiency of the technical solutions incorporated into the design of the inventive unit.

 During the tests, they showed high reliability with a significant reduction in cutting force and improving the quality of the cut product.

 The data obtained during the tests convincingly indicate the possibility of obtaining the aforementioned technical result in the implementation of the invention, which consists in optimizing the design of the cutting head knife and, on this basis, improving the performance of the inventive unit for making pasta.

Claims (1)

 An apparatus for manufacturing pasta, containing a dough preparation hopper with a screw press chamber, equipped with a perforated matrix, and mounted on the outside, opposite the matrix, a cutting head with a rotating knife, made in the form of an annular disk with one or more peripheral equally distributed in the circumferential direction blades adjacent to the surface of the matrix, characterized in that in it the knife blades of the cutting head are made curved, have a constant thickness, the front surface the cutting edge of each of the blades is a surface of rotation of the second or greater order, the back surface of the blade copies the shape of the front surface, and the rear surface of the cutting edge is located in the same plane, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the blade of the knife, flush with its end face, has a cross section in plan as a segment of the ring and smoothly interfaced with the rear surface of the blade by rounding.

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