RU2154410C1 - Device for examination of motor function of gastroenteric tract - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, in particular, gastroenterology. SUBSTANCE: the device sensor represents an infrared optoelectronic pair, in which the radiator and receiver are separated by a lightproof partition, and a full-wave rectifier of the signal mean value is series-connected to the matching unit circuit consisting of a matching amplifier, active low-pass filter and a final amplifier. The sensor is introduced in the esophagus, stomach, etc. to a preset depth. The radiated signal reflected from the internal wall of the organ under examination is perceived by the receiver. During passage of the peristaltic wave through the organ variation of the distance between the wall of the organ under examination and the sensor results in variation of the receiver illuminance. The produced signal reflects the motor activity of the organ under examination. The kind of motor malfunctions of the gastroenteric tract is determined according to the well-known standards (speed of the peristaltic wave, periodicity of contractions, rate of contractions). EFFECT: enhanced accuracy and noise immunity of measurements, enhanced convenience in use. 1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, namely gastroenterology, specifically to devices for studying the motor function of the gastrointestinal tract.

 A device is known for studying the motor function of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), consisting of electrodes for removing bioelectric potentials from the patient’s body, a complex filter system that selects the useful component of the electrical signal recording device EGS-4M gastrograph [1].

 This device has a very low sensitivity, poor noise immunity, poor selection of the useful signal, and the complex design of filter systems.

 The closest to the proposed invention in technical essence should be considered a device consisting of a protective tube in which a pressure sensor (strain gauge) Gastropolygraph ПЖ-64 is placed [2].

This device is also not without drawbacks, namely:
1) Low sensitivity of pressure sensors, to increase which it is necessary to increase the geometric dimensions of the sensor itself (strain gauge), which is impractical when conducting research on living organisms, because the introduction of a sensor with a large geometric dimension into the test organ (stomach, esophagus) causes an inadequate response of the muscle fibers of the wall of the test organ, which leads to a significant decrease in the measurement accuracy;
2) Insufficiently high noise immunity;
3) An inconvenient form of the output signal for processing by the recording device.

 The technical result of the invention is to improve the accuracy and noise immunity of the measurements, as well as the ease of use of the device. This is achieved by the fact that in the device for studying the motor function of the digestive tract, which consists of a sensor connected by a conductor to a recording device through a matching unit, including a matching amplifier, an active low-pass filter and a terminal amplifier, the sensor is an infrared optoelectronic pair in which the emitter and the receiver are separated by a light-tight partition, and a half-wave rectifier medium is connected in series with the terminal amplifier in series with the terminal amplifier day signal value.

 In FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device for studying the motor function of the digestive tract, containing a sensor 1, which is an infrared optoelectronic pair, a matching unit 2, including a matching amplifier 3, an active low-pass filter 4, a terminal amplifier 5, a half-wave rectifier of the average signal value 6 recording device 7.

 Figure 2 shows the sensor 1, which is an infrared optoelectronic pair containing the following elements: a transparent silicone tube 8, inside which is placed an infrared emitter 9 and an infrared receiver 10 separated by an opaque partition 11.

 An IR diode, for example AL 107b, can be used as a radiator and a receiver.

 The device operates as follows: the voltage is removed from the reference voltage source, assembled on an integrated circuit, for example K142EN12, is supplied to the emitter 9, which in turn generates infrared radiation radially directed with a solid angle of 90-100 degrees, the infrared radiation falls on the receiver 10, reflected from the inner wall 12 of the investigated organ-esophagus, stomach (see figure 3).

 The intensity of the received signal depends on the distance between the emitter 9, the wall of the investigated organ 12 and the receiver 10.

 The signal generated by the receiver 10 is fed to a matching unit 2 (see Fig. 1), namely to a matching amplifier 3, then to an active low-pass filter 4 with a cutoff frequency of 30 Hz.

 Next, the signal is amplified by the terminal amplifier 5, rectified by a half-wave rectifier of the average value of the signal 6 collected on an integrated circuit, for example K157DA1, and fed to the recording device 7 (recorder, computer with printer).

 The device operates as follows.

 Sensor 1 is inserted into the esophagus, stomach, and the like. to a pre-selected depth (Fig. 3). Before the peristaltic wave passes to the emitter 9 and the receiver 10, the wall of the studied organ 12 is closely adjacent. Accordingly, the emitted signal from the emitter 9 cannot reach the receiver 10, the electric signal at the output of the receiver 10 is minimal. During the passage of the peristaltic wave, the wall of the investigated organ moves away by a certain distance, which means that it becomes possible for IR radiation to pass from the emitter 9 to the receiver 10, due to reflection from the wall of the investigated organ 12, an electric signal appears at the output of the receiver.

 The generated signal reflects the motor activity of the organ under study and then, according to well-known standards (the frequency of contractions, wave propagation speed, duration, frequency), determine the type of motor disorders of the gastrointestinal tract [1; 2].

 Using this device, 65 patients were examined, the reliability of the method in confirming the diagnosis was 85-90%, as a result of the use of this device, the measurement accuracy increases on average by 50-60%.

 Due to the fact that this device is capable of detecting minimal motor contractions of the organ under study, such accuracy and sensitivity do not allow reaching devices containing a sensor made on the basis of a strain gauge. Moreover, the appearance of the signal obtained from the matching unit using a half-wave rectifier of the average signal value is more convenient for perception by the recording device, the process of processing the information received by the doctor is facilitated.

Sources of information
1. Sobakin M. A. Clinical and physiological methods of electro-gastrographic studies of the motor activity of the stomach during digestion. Bulletin of Experimental Biology, 1954, p. 12-14.

 2. Arbinsky V.M. Physiology and pathology of the motor function of the esophagus. M., Science, p. 27-31.

Claims (1)

 A device for studying the motor function of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, containing a sensor placed in a protective sheath, connected by a conductor to a recording device through a matching unit, including a matching amplifier, an active low-pass filter and a terminal amplifier, characterized in that the sensor is an infrared pair, in which the emitter and receiver are separated by an opaque barrier, and a half-wave output is introduced in series with the terminal amplifier in series with the terminal amplifier yamitel average value signal.

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