RU2154308C2 - Method and device for reproducing names of tempered-pitch sounds in twelve-syllable system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: music teaching devices. SUBSTANCE: method includes recording human voice specimens by means of analog-to-digital converter in user's language within his or her range into read-only memory for reproducing music tones by syllable musical instrument (Beletskii slogofon) in twelve-syllable system. Data bank with syllable musical instrument provides for reproduction of tempered-pitch music tones by singing sounds in twelve-syllable system: Do, Tu, Re, Mo, Mi, Fa, Zu, Sol, Lo, La, Tsu, Si to be used in new synthesizers, playing and teaching devices, and software. EFFECT: reduced time required to form ear for music and logic musical mentality of user. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to music, in particular, to the use in a permanent electronic memory device (ROM) as tones of a musical instrument of syllabic names of sounds of the temperament in the twelve-syllabus naming system, for example, Beletsky’s Chrome Series.

 The known method of wave synthesis used for digital recording directly from the microphone of natural samples (so-called samples) of musical and non-musical sounds. After software processing, the samples are stored in a data bank, for example, in a read-only memory (ROM) as tones of “instruments” created in this way, for example, “piano”, “voice”, “telephone”, etc.

 Sounding of these “instruments” occurs in devices using these data banks, in particular, in digital musical instruments or sound cards (for example, Sound Blaster AWE32) installed in computers. Devices use data banks both directly for playing music, and for recording it by music studios and music editors, as well as for sounding music recorded previously in one of the well-known standards, for example, MIDI. (Yu.V. Petelin, R.Yu. Petelin "Personal orchestra ... in a personal computer", St. Petersburg, publ. Polygon, 1997, pp. 36-39 (1).

 A variety of musical and non-musical "instruments" stored in the ROM data bank expand the user's creative capabilities.

 It should be noted that neither the improvement in the sound quality of the created samples of musical "instruments", nor their quantitative diversity in the data banks can help accelerate the development of musical abilities and musical hearing for a number of the following circumstances.

 The musical system used in music is based on uniform temperament - dividing the octave into twelve equal semitones, (Vakhromeev V. "Elementary Theory of Music", ed. 7th Moscow: Muzyka, 1975 (2). Due to the mismatch of the number of syllables used (seven) with the number of sounds in the octave (twelve) and, accordingly, the places of their extraction, for example keys, the process of renaming the sounds and places of their extraction takes place.This process becomes possible due to the use of additional corrective notation (a iterations), such as #, b, x, bb, added as their names to syllables.For example: C sharp # C flat b C double sharp x C double flat bb. These corrective additions transfer the nominal value of the original syllable to adjacent heights of sounds and, accordingly, the places of their extraction on a musical instrument up and down to 2 semitones, increasing the number of items to thirty-five. (Fig. 1).

 When solimizing (reading a musical text, singing reproduced by syllabic names), in order to preserve the metro-rhythmic basis of the voiced voiced, corrective concepts (sharp, flat, double sharp, double flat) are not pronounced and five different sounds can be called the same syllable, for example: Re ( double flat), Re (flat), Re, Re (sharp), Re (double sharp) (see example A, Fig. 1).

 As a result of this, a problem arises related to the education of musical hearing as a memory in the name of the pitch (the so-called “absolute hearing”) due to the fact that renaming of sounds (the so-called anharmonism) arising for the above reason leads to the fact that each pitch of a musical tone can be referred to by several names. For example, a pitch of 440 hertz can be called not only the syllable A, but also Sol (double sharp) or C (double flat) (see example B, Fig. 1).

 Choosing a name for a musical sound when recording your own composition or in the process of writing a musical dictation when teaching music is based on the abstractness of theoretical rules, and therefore making the right decision to assign a sound to a particular name always takes some time. So, for example, according to a program of study at a children's music school (DMSh), a musical dictation of 8 to 16 measures (from 20 to 40 sounds), played 8 to 10 times, is written within 20 to 25 minutes, (see MK of the USSR course program SOLFEGGIO for music school, Moscow, 1984, p. 77, (3)). For the same reason, the study of the basics of musical speech, such as scales, intervals, chords, is distributed by the program for all years of study (see ibid.). As a result of this, it becomes practically impossible for students to develop the ability to operate freely in phonetic and mental processes with high-pitch representations at the level of syllable speech, i.e. the formation of musical-logical thinking (SB).

 The seven-syllabic system for naming sounds for the above reasons even excludes the possibility of creating in a known manner a musical instrument that reproduces (sings) syllabic names of sounds based on samples of a human voice.

 The proposed method for reproducing the tones of a musical instrument by the names of sounds of the temperament in the twelve-syllable system ("Beletsky's Slovofon") and a device for its implementation have no analogues.

 The basis of the invention is the task of creating a fundamentally new syllable musical instrument "Beletskiy Slovofon", providing reproduction of musical tones of the temperament system by singing in the user language the names of sounds in the twelve-syllable system, for example, "Beletskiy Chromore", and based on the resulting syllable musical instrument "Beletskiy Slovogon the creation of fundamentally new involuntary training devices (synthesizers, instruments, toys, etc.

 The aim of the invention is the construction of musical and logical thinking through the involuntary development of phoneme-syllable musical speech and the formation of memory at a named pitch ("absolute" hearing) among users of devices created on the basis of the syllable musical instrument "Beletsky's Syllophone".

 The invention consists in the following.

 Directly from a microphone, using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), samples of the human voice of a female and (or) male voice reproducing (singing in the volume of its range) in the user's language as musical tones of the temperament system of sound names in the twelve-syllable system are recorded in a permanent storage device , for example, in Beletsky’s Chromodery (Do, Tu, Re, Mo, Mi, Fa, Zu, So (l), Lo, La, Tsu, Si).

 In this way, a fundamentally new syllable musical instrument, Beletsky’s Syllophone, is obtained.

 “Beletsky's Slovofon” provides the devices containing it with a fundamentally new quality - the reproduction of musical tones of the temperament system by the names of sounds in the twelve-syllable system (for example, in the “Beletsky's Chromade” - Do, Tu, Re, Mo, Mi, Fa, Zu, So (l), Luo, La, Tsu, Xi) and can be used in new music editors, synthesizers, gaming and educational devices and software.

 The device that implements the proposed method contains the following components: a permanent storage device with a syllable musical instrument, providing the singing of the names of sounds in the twelve-syllabus system "Beletsky's Chromore" with a human voice as musical tones of the temperament ("Beletsky's Slovofon"), and the keys of the musical instrument indicated the graphic names of the syllables "Beletsky Chromium" in the user's language.

 The list of figures in the drawings.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a piano keyboard in the volume of one octave of the tempered system with the names of the instrument keys and the sounds being extracted and the corresponding musical symbols on the stave, in the volume of the tonalities of the fifth circle; Letters A and B indicate examples in the text.

 In FIG. Figure 2 shows the same keyboard with the names of the instrument keys printed on it in accordance with the sounds retrieved as the syllable phonemes "Beletsky's Slovofon".

 In FIG. Figure 3 shows the same keyboard with the names of the syllables of the “Beletsky chromium series” and the traditional note graphics associated with these names used to record these syllables in accordance with the classical theory of music; Letters B and D indicate examples in the text.

 In FIG. 4 depicts the same keyboard with the names of the syllables of the “Beletsky chromium series” and the note graphics correlated with these names, in accordance with the “Method of musical recording of sounds of the temperament in the twelve-syllable naming (“ Beletsky chromium series ").”

 In FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a simple device that implements the proposed method: a device keyboard with the names of keys printed in the user's language (1); the central processor is a CPU (2) that scans the keyboard matrix and converts the positional matrix code into the serial number of the keys; read-only memory ROM (2.1.) with keyboard control and scanning programs; RAM random access memory (2.2.) for temporary storage of variable data; read-only memory device with digital information about the wave forms of sounds of the syllable musical instrument "Beletsky's Slovofon" - ROM (3); digital signal processing processor - DSP (4), which generates real-time sounds extracted from ROM (their height, volume) in accordance with keystrokes of the device; digital-to-analog converter for converting digital information into analog - DAC (5); access to sound reproducing equipment.

 The proposed method is as follows.

 Using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), samples of human voice of a female and (or) male voice reproducing in the user's language as musical tones the names of the sounds of the temperament system in the twelve-syllable system, for example, in the Beletsky chromo sequence (Do, Tu, Re, Mo, Mi, Fa, Zu, Co (l), Lo, La, Tsu, Si).

 Then, two phases of syllable sounding (consonant phases and vowel phase “ringing”) are subjected to software processing by a well-known sound editor (for example, Sound Forge), while in order to save ROM memory, the end of the sound name SALT (i.e., eh) is cut off. Received syllable samples in the form of digital information are “sewn up” in ROM as musical tones. The result is a fundamentally new syllable musical instrument "Beletsky’s Slovofon", which serves to reproduce the musical tones of the temperament system by singing the names of sounds - Do, Tu, Re, Mo, Mi, Fa, Zu, So, Lo, La, Tsu, Si.

 This syllable musical instrument “Beletsky’s Syllophone” can be used in fundamentally new involuntary training devices (synthesizers, sound cards), in game and educational programs, and the twelve-syllable system itself can also be used to sound musical tones when writing software products.

 The syllabic musical instrument Beletsky’s Syllophone can also be used in devices that reproduce previously recorded music in a known manner, for example, in MIDI format. Musical sounds recorded by traditional musical graphics, the instrument reproduces as follows: notes C sharp, Do, D double flat sings like a syllable, notes C double sharp, C sharp, D flat sings like a syllable Tu, notes Double sharp, Re, Mi double flat sings like a syllable Re, notes D sharp, E flat, F double double sings like a syllable Mo, notes double double sharp, Mi, F flat sings like a syllable Mi, notes M sharp, Fa, Salt double flat sings like a syllable Fa, notes Mi double sharp, F sharp, Salt flat sings like a syllable Zu, notes Fa double sharp, Salt, A flat double sings like a syllable Co, notes Salt d yez, La flat sings like a syllable Lo, notes Salt double sharp, A, B, C double takes a flat like a syllable, notes A sharp, B flat, A double flat sings like a Czu, sheet music a double sharp, B, C flat sings like the syllable C in all octaves and keys within the range of the human voice (see Fig. 3). Sounds that go beyond this range are transferred an octave (two) up or down, respectively.

 When using the instrument in music editors, the musical notation of the sounds Do, Tu, Re, Mo, Mi, Fa, Zu, So (l), Lo, La, Tsu, Xi is performed as in the traditional notation based on the classical theory of music and in accordance with the rules traditional music graphics (Fig. 3 examples B and D), and when creating the corresponding new music editors, according to the method of music notation proposed by Beletsky (Fig. 4).

 Thus, a device was obtained for the involuntary development of phoneme-syllable musical speech and the formation of memory for a named pitch (“absolute” hearing) - the basis for the formation of musical-logical thinking through the reproduction of music in a human voice singing the syllable names of sounds of the temperament, perception and mastery which, as syllabic phonemes of musical speech, can begin by a child in parallel with knowledge of the language of human communication.

 Intonation arising from the involuntary imitation of reproduced names of sounds in the process of using the device leads to adequate recognition of the names of musical tones (like syllabic phonemes) in the sound of other (non-syllable) musical instruments and the formation of the ability to perceive melodies as syllabic speech.

 Consolidation of one name in the mind of the user both for the sound and for the place of its extraction in the process of playing music on a musical instrument leads to the establishment of the relationship between the phonemic-syllable musical speech based on the named high-pitch representations with tactile sensations, forming a qualitatively new thinking in the artist, operating with the named motor -motor sound pitch.

 The way of mastering the musical language through various devices using the syllabic musical instrument "Beletsky's Slovofon" becomes accessible to everyone who can distinguish phonemes, thus turning the teaching of music into "Learning without torment."

Literature
1. Yu.V. Petelin, R.Yu. Petelin "Personal orchestra ... in a personal computer", St. Petersburg, ed. Polygon, 1997, pp. 36-39;
2. Vakhromeev V. "Elementary theory of music", ed. 7th M., Music, 1975;
3. The program of the SOLFEGIO course for music school, Moscow, 1984;
4. "The method of musical notation of sounds of the temperament in the twelve-syllable naming convention (" Beletsky chromium "), application N 97106127/12 (006403), positive decision of VNIIGPE of April 14, 1998

Claims (2)

 1. A method for reproducing the names of musical sounds of the temperamental layer in the Beletsky's Chromoryad twelve-system system, which includes recording, using an analog-to-digital converter, samples of human voice in the range of its range in the user's language in a permanent storage device for reproducing musical tones with a syllable musical instrument.  2. A device for reproducing the names of musical sounds of the temperament in the twelve-syllabus system “Beletsky Chromore” using a human voice, containing a permanent storage device with a syllable musical instrument that provides singing of the names of sounds in the twelve-syllable system “Beletsky’s Chromore” with a human voice as musical tones of the temperament , while the keys of a musical instrument are indicated by the graphic names of the syllables "Beletsk Chromoryad go, "and the device reproduces the graphic recording of sounds in traditional music graphics as follows: notes C sharp, Do, D double flat sings like a syllable, notes C double sharp, C sharp, D flat sings like a syllable Tu, notes DO double sharp, Re, Mi double flat sings like a syllable Re, notes Re sharp, E flat, Fa double a flat sings like syllable Mo, notes Re double sharp, Mi, Fa flat sings like a syllable Mi, notes Mi sharp, Fa, Salt double flat sings like syllable F, notes Mi double sharp, F sharp, Salt flat sings like a syllable Zu, notes F double sharp, Salt, A double flat sings like a syllable Co, notes Sol sharp, A flat sings like a syllable Lo, sheet music Salt double sharp, A, B, C double takes a flat like a syllable A, sheet music A sharp, B flat, A double flat sings like a syllable Tsu, sheet music A double a sharp, C, Flat flat sings like the syllable C in all octaves and keys within the range of the human voice, and sounds that go beyond its range are carried an octave or two up or down, respectively.

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