RU21525U1 - RESPIRATOR - Google Patents

Description

The utility model relates to personal protective equipment for respiratory organs from aerosols, gases and vapors contained in air, in particular, to lightweight filtering respirators.

Known lightweight filter respirator Lola (Personal protective equipment for workers: Handbook. -M .: Profizdat, 1990, p.24), made in the form of a filtering half mask, which contains filtering material of a rectangular shape, one of the corners of which is cut along a convex arc, obturation edge made by turning the edges of the filter material and fastened around its perimeter with a filament seam, a soft metal plate d placed along the obturation edge at the place of the cut-off corner of the filter material For fitting with a respirator the nose of the user and the headband of ribbons attached to the two opposite corners of the filter material.

The disadvantages of this known respirator are the insufficient reliability of respiratory protection due to the low fit of the obturation edge made in a straight line to the face of the user, as well as the need to select the size of the respirator used by the user in accordance with the morphological

RESPIRATOR

the height of his face. In addition, the absence of an exhalation valve in the design of this respirator leads to an increase in breathing resistance on exhalation, especially in the case of contamination of the filter material with prolonged exposure to a polluted atmosphere, which reduces the permissible time of use of the respirator in conditions of high dust, humidity and air temperature of the working area, as well as when the user performs a respirator work associated with heavy physical exertion. Moreover, due to the lack of an exhalation valve, this respirator cannot be used in adverse weather conditions at air temperatures above + 28 ° C or below 0 ° C.

A well-known respirator according to the certificate of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 11713, 1999, which contains an absorbing filter mask from a polymeric fibrous chemisorption fabric dubbed with chemically inactive fibers, in the form of a hollow cone with a solid angle ((2-3 °) I ± OD) sr, formed from a rectangular workpiece, bent in half and fastened along the edge adjacent to the bend, with a continuous seam, a nose plate, two fastening loops formed by bending outward and secured by the free corners of the half mask, the tape head, threaded through two mounting loops, and an exhalation valve installed on the side of the half mask.

The disadvantages of this well-known respirator are the insufficient reliability of respiratory protection due to the low density of its fit to the face of the user due to the lack of an obturator in its design, as well as the need to select the size of the respirator used by the user in accordance with the morphological height of his face. In addition, the conical shape of the absorbent-filtering half mask leads to a significant limitation of the field of view of the user, which is further reduced due to the presence of an exhalation valve located on the side of the half mask.

Known lightweight filter respirator SHB-1 Petal (Petal (Light respirators) / Petryanov I.V. et al. - M .: Nauka, 1984, p. 58-59) and a respirator according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2042394, 1995, which are made in the form of a half mask and in a common part for them, they contain a filter element, an obturator with a dot seam, an aluminum plate inserted into the obturator with two segments of a rubber cord, a figured spacer in the form of a six-pointed star and a headband in the form of two pieces of braid attached to two diametrically oppositely shaped rays spreader and and the filter element at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the nose clip.

The absence of exhalation valve in the structures of these known respirators determines the presence of the above disadvantages inherent in all valveless respirators. The last two respirators provide reliable protection of the respiratory organs due to the high density of their fit to the face of the user and are dimensionless due to the presence of the filter element of the obturator located along the perimeter with two pieces of rubber cord inserted into it, but they require the user to assemble and fit the respirator before using with individual anthropometric data of his face, which boils down to pulling from the seal the ends of the segments of the rubber cord to the required length, their binding and uniform expansion of the shutter on a rubber cord. In addition, since this respirator is mounted on the head of the user by tying two pieces of headband braid in a knot, removing the respirator after leaving the area with contaminated air to interrupt operation and putting it on again can cause additional inconvenience to the user. And, finally, the implementation of a figured spacer in the form of a six-pointed star can lead to damage to the filter element by the sufficiently sharp ends of the rays of the figured spacer during assembly and use of a respirator, which renders the product unusable.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model should be considered a means of respiratory protection according to the application for the grant of the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2000112935/12 of 05.25.2000, 01 D 39/16, A 62 V 23/02, according to which a decision was received on granting a patent for the invention from 26. 09. 2000. The specified means of protection of the respiratory organs contains a filter material with an absorbent layer and a figured spacer in the form of a figure eight, an obturator with a rubber cord in the shape of a ring and a metal nose clip in ie strips of rectangular shape and the headband.

This respiratory protection tool provides reliable respiratory protection due to the high density of its fit to the user's face, is dimensionless and does not require the user to assemble and fit the respirator in accordance with the individual anthropometric data of his face, since it is delivered to the user assembled in the form of a half mask due to the installed around the perimeter of the filter material obturator with a rubber cord in the shape of a ring. Due to the fact that the figured spacer is made in the form of a figure of eight, it does not have sharp ends and therefore cannot damage the filter element during the manufacture, packaging, transportation, storage and use of the respirator.

However, the absence of an exhalation valve in the design of this respirator increases the resistance to breathing of the user during exhalation, especially in the case of contamination of the filter material during prolonged exposure to a polluted atmosphere, which reduces the permissible time of use of the respirator in conditions of high dust, humidity and air temperature of the working area , as well as when the user performs a respirator work associated with heavy physical exertion. For this reason, due to the lack of an exhalation valve, this respirator cannot be used in adverse weather conditions at air temperatures above + 28 ° C or below 0 ° C. In addition, the lack of

exhalation valve reduces comfort for the user when working in a respirator.

The metal nose clip of this known respirator made in the form of a rectangular strip does not allow for a sufficiently tight fit of the respirator obturator to the user's face in the nose bridge region, which reduces the reliability of respiratory protection.

In addition, since this respirator is attached to the head of the user by tying two pieces of headband braid in a knot, removing the respirator after leaving the area with contaminated air to interrupt operation and putting it on further causes additional inconvenience to the user.

The disadvantages of the known respirator selected for the prototype are the limited allowable time to use the respirator, the inability to use it at negative and high ambient temperatures and the decrease in user comfort due to the lack of an exhalation valve in its design, a decrease in the reliability of respiratory protection due to insufficient tight fit of the obturator to face in the nose, as well as the sufficient complexity of the process of putting on and removing a respirator.

The objectives of the proposed utility model are to increase the reliability of respiratory protection, increase the permissible time of use of a respirator, provide the possibility of using a respirator at negative and high ambient temperatures, increase user comfort and simplify the process of putting on and removing a respirator.

The goals are achieved, according to the utility model, in that the proposed respirator containing, in accordance with the prototype, a filter material with an adsorbing layer and a figured spacer in the form of a figure eight, a sealer with a metal nose clip and a rubber cord in the form, installed around the perimeter of the filter material

rings and headband, differs from the prototype in that it is equipped with an exhalation valve, combined holes with sizes equal to the installation size of the exhalation valve are made in the filtering material and the sorbing layer, the central part of the figured spacer is made in the form of a ring in which the exhalation valve is installed, and peripheral sections of the curly struts are equipped with two eyes for attaching the headband, and the metal nose clip is made in the form of an arc-shaped strip. In this case, the headband can be made either in the form of two segments of braid fastened together, each of which is attached to the eye of the curly strut, and provided with a fixing element in the form of a hollow cylinder worn on the segments of the headband braid, or in the form of an elastic tape, the ends of which are attached to hinges secured in the eyes of a curved strut with latches.

The supply of the proposed respirator with an exhalation valve, as well as the implementation of combined holes in the filtering material and the sorbing layer with dimensions equal to the installation size of the exhalation valve, and the execution of the central part of the figured spacer in the form of a ring in which the exhalation valve is installed, provides the construction of a respirator with an exhalation valve. This allows you to use the respirator in conditions of negative and high ambient temperatures and provides increased comfort for the user of the respirator. In addition, this circumstance leads to a decrease in the breathing resistance of the user during exhalation, which, first of all, in the case of contamination of the filter material during prolonged exposure to a polluted atmosphere, increases the allowable time of use of the respirator in conditions of high dust, humidity and air temperature of the working area, as well as when the user performs a respirator work associated with heavy physical exertion.

immediately before using the respirator, in the shape of its nose bridge, it provides a tighter fit with the upper part of the obturator with the metal nose clip of the user's nose located in it, which increases the reliability of respiratory protection.

Supply of peripheral sections of the figured brace with two eyes for attaching the headband, as well as the execution of the headband or in the form of two sections of braid fastened together, each of which is attached to the eyelet of the brace, while supplying the headband with a locking element in the form of a hollow cylinder worn on the pieces of braid band , or in the form of an elastic tape, the ends of which are attached to the loops fixed in the eyes of the figured spacers using latches, simplifies the process of putting on and removing the proposal respiratory respirator.

The last statement is illustrated by the following arguments. To put on a well-known respirator selected for the prototype, the user needs a half mask formed by filtering material, a curly brace and a shutter, put on the face and knot the ends of the headband ribbons at the back of the head, and to remove, untie the headband ribbon knot on the back of the head, and then remove the half mask . Tying and untying the fastening ribbon of the knot at its nape will require sufficient skills and skill from the respirator user, otherwise this process will be rather laborious.

The proposed respirator, if its headband is made in the form of two pieces of braid, is supplied to the user already with the pieces of braid fastened together and a hollow cylinder worn on them as a fixing element. Therefore, to put on a respirator, the user needs to put on a half mask on his face, put on his head the already assembled headband and tighten the headband to the size of his head, moving the locking element along the lengths of the headband

in the direction of reducing the length of the pieces of braid headband covering the head. To remove the respirator, for example, during a break after leaving the contaminated area, the user needs to loosen the headband by moving the retaining element along the length of the headband band to increase the length of the length of the headband band, lower the headband around his neck and remove the half mask. In this case, the respirator will remain hanging on the user's neck for the duration of a break in work, leaving his hands free.

When performing the headband of the respirator in the form of an elastic tape, before the first putting on of the respirator, the user needs to adjust the length of the stretch of elastic band to which the head should be covered by the size of his head, then put a half mask on his face and, stretching the elastic band of the headband, put it on his nape. To remove the respirator, for example, during a break after leaving the contaminated area, the user needs to stretch the elastic band of the headband, lower the headband to his neck and remove the half mask. At the same time, the respirator will also remain hanging on the user's neck for the duration of the break in work, leaving his hands free.

The above indicates the achievement of the declared technical result due to the presence of the proposed utility model of the above distinctive features.

In FIG. 1 shows the appearance of the proposed respirator from the side of the user’s face when the headband is made in the form of two pieces of braid fastened together, where 1 is a filter material with an adsorbing layer, 2 is a figured spacer, 3 is a shutter, 4 is an exhalation valve, 5 is a piece of braid headband, 6 - fixing element of the headband, 7 metal nose clip located inside the obturator 3 and shown by the dashed line, 8 - rubber cord located inside the obturator 3 and shown by the dashed line, and 9 - node.

In FIG. 2 shows a metal nose clip 7 and a rubber cord 8 in a fastened state, where 10 are mounting tabs.

In FIG. 3 shows a figured spacer 2 for a respirator with a headband in the form of two pieces of braid fastened together, where 11 is a ring, 12 an opening for installing the exhalation valve 4, 13 - lugs and 14 - eyelet holes 13.

In FIG. 4 shows a figured spacer 2 for a respirator with a headband in the form of an elastic tape, where 15 are the eyes, 16 is the hole of the eye 15, 17 is the loop and 18 is the latch pin.

In FIG. 5 shows a section along A-A of the central part of the proposed respirator (see Fig. 1) with an exhalation valve 4, where 19 is the outer protective layer of the filter material 1, 20 is the inner protective layer of the filter material 1, 21 is the anti-aerosol layer of the filter material 1, 22 - the sorbent layer of filter material 1, 23 - the valve body 4 of the exhalation, 24 - the cover of the valve 4 exhalation, 25 - the membrane and 26 - the screw securing the membrane 25.

In FIG. 6 shows a section along BB of loop 17 and eye 15 of brace 2 (see FIG. 4), where 27 is an elastic tape.

The filter material 1 of the respirator (see FIGS. 1 and 5) contains four layers: the outer protective layer 19 made of gauze or non-woven material, the inner protective layer 20 of gauze, the anti-aerosol layer 21 of fibers, for example perchlorovinyl and styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and acrylonitrile, and an absorbent layer 22 of fibrous material based on activated carbon or ion-exchange polymer material.

The obturator 3 of the respirator (see Fig. 1) is formed by a tucked and glued edge of the filter material 1, under which there is a metal nose clip 7 and a rubber cord 8, assembled into a ring (see Fig. 2) using perforated and then crimped two fasteners petals 10. Connection forming obturator 3 tucked

the edges of the filter material 1 are made by spot bonding around the perimeter of the obturator 3 using a polymer melt, for example, based on polyvinyl acetate.

The figured spacer 2 is made of plastic in the form of a figure eight and has in the central part a ring 11 with an opening 12 for installing an exhalation valve 4. From two edges of the brace 2, there are eyes 13 with two holes 14 of the eyes 13 (see Fig. 3) for fastening segments 5 of the headband braid, which is made by spot gluing through the holes 14 of the eyes 13 using polymer melt simultaneously with the seal of the seal 3. When the headband is made in the form of an elastic band, the eyes 15 of the brace 2 have one hole 16 (see FIG. 4), into which the latch pin 18 of the plastic loop 17 is inserted (see FIG. 6).

In the hole 12 for installing the exhalation valve 4 of the ring 11 of the brace 2, an exhalation valve 4 is installed (see Figs. 1 and 5). It contains a plastic housing of the exhalation valve 4 of the valve 4 inserted into the hole 12 for installing the exhalation valve 4 of the ring 11 of the spacer 2 and located in the center of the inner protective layer 20, the sorbent layer 22, the anti-aerosol layer 21 and the outer protective layer 19 of the filter material 1 of the hole . On the body 23 of the exhalation valve 4 is put on made of plastic cover 24 of the exhalation valve 4. The exhalation valve 4 is equipped with a rubber membrane 25 adjacent along its perimeter to the body 23 of the exhalation valve 4 and its central part attached to it by means of a screw 26 securing the membrane 25.

When the headband is made in the form of two segments 5 of the headband band (see Fig. 1), they are wearing a headband fixing element 6 made of plastic in the form of a hollow cylinder, after which the segments of the headband band 5 are connected either with a seam or with a node 9. In the case of of making the headband in the form of an elastic band 27, the latter is threaded into its loops 17 with its two ends, as shown in FIG. 6.

The respirator is worn as follows. When making the headband in the form of segments 5 of the braid, the user moves the fixing element 6 of the headband along the segments 5 of the braid of the headband to the node 9, puts on the half mask of the respirator on the face, starting from the chin, places the upper part of the obturator 3 with the metal nose clip 7 on the nose, compresses the metal nose clip 7 in the shape of the bridge of the nose, throws a headband over his head and tightens it to the amount necessary to hold the respirator on his face, moving the fixing element 6 of the headband along segments 5 of the headband’s band from the knots la 9. To remove the respirator, the user moves the retaining element 6 of the headband to the node 9 along the lengths 5 of the headband’s braid, loosening the degree of tightening of the headband, removes the headband from the back of the head and removes the half mask of the respirator. If the respirator is removed for a break in work, the headband can be lowered by the user to his neck, where the respirator will hang during the break.

If the headband of the respirator is in the form of an elastic tape 27, before the first donning of the respirator, the user needs to pull the elastic tape 27 through the loops 17 (see Fig. 6) to adjust the size of his head to the length of the stretch of elastic tape 27, which should cover the head, and then similar put a half mask on your face and, stretching the elastic band 27 of the headband, put it on your nape. To remove the respirator, for example, during a break after leaving the contaminated area, the user needs to stretch the elastic band 27 of the headband, lower the headband to his neck and remove the half mask. At the same time, the respirator will also remain hanging on the user's neck for the duration of the break in work, leaving his hands free.

The proposed respirator works as follows. When the user performs a breath under the action of a vacuum under the half mask of the respirator, the membrane 25 is pressed along its perimeter to the body 23 of the exhalation valve 4, preventing the flow of

contaminated air through the exhalation valve 4 under the half mask of the respirator and into the respiratory system of the user. Under the action of this vacuum, the contaminated air passes sequentially through the outer protective layer 19, the anti-aerosol layer 21, the sorbent layer 22 and the inner protective layer 20 of the filter material 1, and, being cleared of aerosols, gases and vapors, it falls under the half mask, from where it is inhaled by the user.

When the user exhales under the influence of excessive pressure under the half mask of the respirator, the membrane 25 deviates from the housing 23 of the exhalation valve 4, freely releasing exhaled air from under the half mask.

Thus, the proposed respirator provides increased reliability of respiratory protection, an increase in the permissible time of use of the respirator, the possibility of using the respirator at negative and high ambient temperatures, increased comfort for the user and simplification of putting on and removing the respirator.

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA

1. A respirator containing a filter material with a sorbent layer and a figured spacer in the form of a figure eight, an obturator installed around the filter material with a metal nose clip and a rubber cord in the shape of a ring and a headband, characterized in that it is equipped with an exhalation valve, in the filter material and the sorbent layer

combined openings are made with dimensions equal to the installation size of the exhalation valve, the central part of the figured strut is made in the form of a ring in which the exhalation valve is installed, and the peripheral sections of the figured strut are equipped with two eyes for attaching the headband.

2. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal nose clip is made in the form of an arc-shaped strip.

3. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that the headband is made in the form of two pieces of braid fastened together.

4. The respirator under item 1 and 3, characterized in that the headband is equipped with a locking element.

5. A respirator according to claim 1, 3 and 4, characterized in that the fixing element is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, worn on the sections of the headband braid.

6. A respirator according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that each piece of headband braid is attached to the eye of a curly brace.

7. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that the headband is made in the form of an elastic tape.

8. The respirator according to claim 1 and 7, characterized in that the ends of the elastic band of the headband are attached to loops fixed to the eyes of the curly strut with latches.

Phi & 1

10

Phi & 2

Respirator

12

14

Fi & 3

Claims (8)

1. A respirator containing a filter material with a sorbent layer and a figured spacer in the form of a figure eight, an obturator with a metal nose clip and a rubber cord in the shape of a ring and a headband installed along the perimeter of the filter material, characterized in that it is equipped with an exhalation valve in the filter material and sorbent the layer has combined holes with dimensions equal to the installation size of the exhalation valve, the central part of the figured spacer is made in the form of a ring in which the exhalation valve is installed, and peripheral chastki shaped struts are provided with two eyelets for attachment of the headband.  2. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal nose clip is made in the form of an arc-shaped strip.  3. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that the headband is made in the form of two pieces of braid fastened together.  4. Respirator according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the headband is equipped with a fixing element.  5. Respirator according to claims 1, 3 and 4, characterized in that the fixing element is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, worn on the sections of the headband braid.  6. A respirator according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that each piece of headband braid is attached to the eye of a curly brace.  7. The respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that the headband is made in the form of an elastic tape. 8. The respirator according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that the ends of the elastic band of the headband are attached to loops fixed in the eyes of the curly struts using latches.