RU2151352C1 - Sealing device for connection with technological plant, vertical shaft furnace for example - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sealing devices suitable for connection with technological plant, for example vertical shaft furnace for self-adjustable unloading of material without leakage of air. SUBSTANCE: sealing device has chamber with inlet hole in its upper end for connection with discharge chute of technological plant and outlet hole at its lower end; chamber is provided with partition fitted with inlet gate and outlet gate articulated with upper and lower parts, respectively; free ends of articulated gates rest on units for forming air seal and units for simultaneous operation of inlet and outlet gates; these units are connected to control circuit for setting the gates in motion; outlet hole is connected with volumetric discharge unit fitted with devices for measurement of amount of material being discharge. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 5 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to a sealing device designed to provide a self-regulating release of material from a processing plant, for example from a vertical shaft furnace without air leakage. The discharge device in accordance with the invention can be used for controlled discharge of any granular / powder material, for example fertilizers, grain, minerals, etc. Also, a device made in accordance with the present invention can be used very effectively in installations using air in countercurrent for combustion or cooling.

 During the production of certain materials, such as cement, a mixture of homogenized raw materials requires firing for chemical conversion. Air for firing raw materials must be supplied evenly and at a given pressure. When the process is continuous, to ensure smooth operation of the installation, a continuous supply of air under a given pressure and in a given volume is necessary. However, the unloading devices used so far are not able to satisfactorily fulfill the above requirements.

Famous systems with airtight seals for unloading are:
- a system with rotating rotor blades,
- two- or three-chamber systems with shutters driven by a crank, cam or any other means for periodically filling and releasing material,
- a single-chamber system with a shutter that periodically opens and closes for loading or unloading in batches.

 These known devices are mainly chambers containing shutters or rotating rotor blades that alternately open or close to simplify the discharge of clinkers without leakage of air supplied to the furnace. However, they are not suitable for efficient continuous operation to meet process requirements.

 In this regard, we can cite as an example a device with airtight seals for unloading in the form of gates or rotating blades, equipped with two or three chambers, as shown in figures 1 (a) and 1 (b), designed to unload clinkers from a vertical shaft furnace . These gates alternately open or close to simplify the discharge of clinkers from the furnace without leakage of air supplied to the combustion furnace. In FIG. 1 (a) and FIG. 1 (b) shows the discharge of clinkers through a two-chamber or three-chamber system such as rotating blades with airtight seals, consisting of two hollow cylindrical chambers connected to each other so that the material can enter the next chamber, while the rotors unload the materials. The rotors consist of horizontal shafts having four blades of slightly smaller diameter than hollow cylinders. The blades connected in this way to the shaft form four chambers for containing unloaded material. These rotors are mounted in bearings attached to the end caps of the hollow cylinders. The rotors are driven by electric motors through a chain drive system. Similarly, a three-chamber system with an air lock for unloading consists of two separate chambers of rectangular cross-section, having separate doors that alternately open and close to facilitate the exit of clinkers with blocking the air channel. A typical drawback of these systems is that very often the clinker sticks, and due to the very abrasive nature of such a clinker, the rotor blades or locks undergo intensive corrosion or disconnect, resulting in air leakage with heavy dust (polluting the environment), which is a common occurrence in these systems.

 Other devices exist, such as the tube for blocking the material shown in FIG. 1 (c), in which a constant clinker pressure is maintained inside the pipe to block material to prevent air leakage. However, the resistance created by a long clinker column above the grate to the air is always greater than the level of the clinker layer inside the pipe to block the material. Because of this, a significant amount of air is lost, resulting in an insufficient air supply for the true sintering process and in addition it creates serious problems of environmental pollution.

 The basis of the present invention is the creation of a sealing device designed to provide self-regulating unloading, without leakage of air, material from a technological installation, for example, a vertical shaft furnace, which eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages.

Other objectives of the present invention are:
(i) the creation of a dual chamber with a hydraulic powerful shutter that will completely eliminate air leakage,
(ii) providing control of the opening and closing of the exhaust gates within the chamber by means of an electronic system having an LDP sensor (resistance photocell),
(iii) the creation of a built-in recorder for recording the cumulative and instantaneous discharge speed,
(iv) the creation of a volumetric discharge mechanism installed in the lower part near the only exit from the dual chamber to exclude additional dust emission,
(v) simplification of the installation of the discharge device in any technological equipment, for example, in a shaft vertical furnace, where air leakage during material unloading is possible.

 The objectives of the present invention are solved by a single set of devices located under the vertical well of a shaft furnace or any other technological installation for unloading through an air lock, which will automatically work with a monitor, electronic circuit and sensor, for feeding material without air leakage and dust contamination and unloading the required amount material.

 The device made in accordance with the present invention also provides an appropriate distribution of air at the required or optimal pressure required for combustion or other needs of this process in technological equipment, for example, in a vertical shaft furnace.

 A device made in accordance with the present invention will be attached to the bottom of the process equipment, such as a vertical shaft furnace (IDT), and will provide a complete airtight seal, thereby eliminating air leakage.

 The present invention has been described mainly with an example of a vertical shaft furnace with reference to the attached drawings, but this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention.

In the drawings:
FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of a general device and details of a separate working part of a device made in accordance with the invention,
FIG. 2 (b) shows a general arrangement of elements of a device control system made in accordance with the present invention,
FIG. 2 (c) shows a device for securing a door,
FIG. 2 (d) is a circuit diagram for a device,
FIG. 2 (e) shows a control circuit used to determine the level of material inside a material blocking pipe (MBT).

 Thus, the present invention is a sealing device designed to provide self-regulating discharge of material through an air shutter connected to a process unit, for example, a vertical shaft furnace, which contains a chamber (1) having an inlet (3) with a flange (2) at its upper end ) for connecting technological equipment to the discharge chute and an outlet (16) in its lower part, the chamber being provided with a partition (4) having an inlet shutter (5) and an outlet shutter (6), w pivotally connected to its upper and lower parts, respectively, with the free ends of the hinged shutters being such as to rely on means (7) and (8) to form an air shutter, means are provided for simultaneous operation of the inlet and outlet shutters (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20 and SOL - solenoid), means (9 (a) and (b) and SOL) are connected to the control circuit for actuating the valves, the discharge outlet for unloading is connected to volumetric discharge device (21) equipped with means (22) (see FIG. 2d) to measure the amount of discharged material.

 An unloading chamber (1) of a device having a flange (2) is connected to the exhaust chute of a vertical shaft furnace or other technological installation with a gasket. From the exhaust chute of a vertical shaft furnace or other technological installation, the material passes through a single nozzle (3) into one of the chambers (Y) of the double chamber (1), blocked by a wall (4). As shown in FIG. 2 (b), a hydraulic system will operate to close the gates (5) and (6) located on the supports (7) and (8) (see FIG. 2 (c)). At this point, the right side of the chamber (Y), as shown in FIG. 2 (b), begins to fill with material until a predetermined level is reached. At the moment when the set level is reached, the source (SO) of the photocell in the form of LDR resistance is triggered, and the sensor (S1) (see Fig. 2d) determines the material level, and the circuit SKT1 closes the relay (RL1). During the relay closing period (RL1), the main contactor (MC) is also activated and energizes the solenoid (SOL), which in turn actuates the shutter to move to position (B), as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 2 (b). When the sensor (S1) sends a signal along the circuit (CKT1), as shown in FIG. 2 (d), which will actuate a hydraulically actuated solenoid valve (SOL), the hydraulic fluid then actuates a control rod (10) in the cylinder (11). In turn, the control rod (10) will actuate the cranked cranks (12) and (13) through the articulated joints (14) and (15). Then the shutters (5) and (6) will move to position (B) above and below. This will allow the material to exit through the nozzle (16). In this process, the material filling the chamber (Y) will be discharged through the nozzle (16), while the filling process will continue in the chamber (X). Thus, the process of filling and release of material will continue. The pressure of the hydraulic fluid actuating the control rod will always remain at a constant predetermined level to drive the valves (5) and (6), thus, air leakage through the outer periphery of the valve will be eliminated. The support and the edge of the bolts are sealed with a thick gasket. The pump assembly (17) and (18) will supply fluid through a pipe (19) to a reservoir (20) to maintain a constant high pressure hydraulic fluid for the operation of a solenoid hydraulically controlled valve (SOL). The electronic circuit is also connected to a pulse counter (22), as shown in FIG. 2 (d) to measure the amount of material released. Material is released from the dual chamber through the volumetric discharge mechanism (21).

The overall operation of the control system is described as follows:
First, the solenoid (SOL) (see FIG. 2b and FIG. 2d) is in the off position since both relays (RL1) and (RL2), as shown in FIG. 2 (d) are open. When the sensor (S1) determines the level of the material, the control circuit SKT1 (Fig. 2e) closes the relay RL1. In other words, when the sensor (S1) determines the level of the material, the circuit SKT1 closes the relay RL1. It will remain closed due to the snap action of relays RL1 and RL2 regardless of the signal level of the sensor (9a). During the RL1 relay closing period, the main contactor (MC) is also included in the solenoid (SOL), will be energized. When the sensor (9b) or (S1) detects the level of material in the chamber (Y), the circuit SKT2 (FIG. 2e) closes the relay RL2, as shown in FIG. 2 (a) and 2 (d). In other words, when the sensor (9b) or (S1) detects the material level in the chamber (Y), the circuit SKT2 closes the relay RL2, as shown in Figs. 2 (a) and 2 (d). When the relay RL2 is in the closed position. When relay RL1 opens, the latching action of relay RL1 / RL2 is interrupted. This, in turn, opens the main contactor (MC) and the solenoid (SOL) turns off. The relay (RL1) will remain open until the sensor (9a) detects the material level again and the whole cycle repeats. A pulse counter (22) connected to one point N. O of the main contactor (MC) will count the number of repeated on / off cycles of the solenoid (SOL).

 The control circuit of SKT1 by the SKT2 circuit, as shown in FIG. 2 (e), consists of resistors (R1, R3) and a potentiometer (R2), capacitors (C1, C2, C3, C4), an integrated circuit IC, a transistor Tc, a photocell as a resistance (LDR), a sensor (S1 or S2 ), relay (RL1 or RL2). The function of the control system will become apparent from the description with reference to figure 2 (2) of the drawings.

 The new device, made in accordance with the present invention, contains hydraulically controlled valves for loading and unloading material in the compartments of the dual chamber, controlled by an electronic circuit. This completely eliminates air leakage, which was impossible to achieve with known systems.

Advantages of the invention:
(i) Hydraulically controlled powerful shutter that completely eliminates air leakage.

 (ii) Efficiently opening and closing the valves for discharge by means of an electronic circuit.

 (iii) Cumulative (cumulative) unloading recorder for measuring furnace capacity at any time.

 (iv) Reducing dust emissions.

 (v) An efficient discharge mechanism for a process plant, such as a vertical shaft furnace, where air leakage may occur during material unloading.

Claims (5)

 1. A sealing device for connecting to a technological installation, for example, to a vertical shaft furnace, to ensure self-regulating discharge of material from the said technological installation without air leakage, comprising a chamber (1) having an inlet (3) with a flange (2) at its upper end for connecting to the outlet trough of a technological installation and an outlet (16) at its lower end for unloading, characterized in that said chamber is provided with a partition (4) having an inlet shutter (5) and an outlet shutter (6), pivotally connected to its upper and lower parts, respectively, while the free ends of the hinge valves are mounted with the possibility of support on the means (7, 8) to form an air seal, and the means (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 , 15, 17, 18, 20 and the SOL solenoid) are designed to provide simultaneous operation of the inlet and outlet valves, the means ((9a) and (9c) and the SOL solenoid) are connected to the control circuit for actuating the valves, the discharge outlet for unloading is connected to a device for volumetric unloading (21), equipped with means m (22) for measuring the amount of discharged material.  2. The sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the edges of the free ends of the shutters and the corresponding means (7 and 8) are equipped with airtight gaskets.  3. A sealing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensors (9) are installed on the camera machine for measuring the level of material.  4. A sealing device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydraulically controlled systems are connected to the control circuit through sensors (9) for the movement of the shutters (14, 15).  5. The device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the control circuits (SKT1 or SKT2) used to control the level of the material inside the pipe to block the material contain resistors (R1, R3 and potentiometer R2), capacitors (C1, C2, C3, C4), integrated circuit IC, transistor Tc, photocell as resistance (LDR), sensor (S1 or S2), relay (RL1 or RL2).

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