RU2151345C1 - Heat center - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: open heat-supply systems. SUBSTANCE: heat center is designed for heat supply to apartment houses, public and industrial buildings. Heat center of open heat-supply system has supply, return, distributing and circulating pipelines, temperature controller with valve and temperature-sensitive element, water meters on supply, return, distributing and circulating pipelines. Flow governor mounted on circulating pipeline differs in that pump is positioned between circulating and distributing pipelines. Pump is connected with its inlet to circulating pipeline upstream of flow governor, and its outlet connected to distributing pipeline between water meter and temperature-sensitive element of temperature controller. Auxiliary temperature controller is mounted on circulating pipeline in parallel with flow governor. Its temperature-sensitive element is installed upstream of flow governor and water meter. Return pipeline has check valve installed downstream of circulating pipeline. By-pass line with check valve is provided behind the check valve. By-pass line is connected between temperature controller valve and water meter positioned on distributing pipeline. Heat center provides for true indications of heat-and-power consumption. With all elements of heat center serviceable, nonrecorded water intake from heating system becomes impossible. Heat center meets requirements of construction norms and specifications for hot-water temperature and precludes water freezing in pipeline laid through nonheated room. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to open heat supply systems (with direct water analysis from the heating network) of residential, public and industrial buildings.

 Schemes of heating stations with direct connection of a hot water supply system (DHW) and heating system are widespread due to the simplicity of the device and the cheapness of its maintenance. In such a heat supply system of buildings during the heating season, the circulation pressure is provided due to the pressure difference in the supply and return pipelines (dynamic mode), and the rest of the time the pressure in the supply and return pipelines is the same (static mode). In the static mode of operation of the system, hot water from the heating system can be supplied to the intake either from the supply or from the return pipe.

Well-known schemes of heat points of open heat supply systems include:
- supply and return pipelines of a heat point;
- water folding and circulation pipelines of the GVS system;
- water meters;
- hot water temperature regulator with valve and sensor;
- flow regulator in the circulation pipe.

 To control the consumption of thermal energy and the operation of the heat supply system, water meters are installed in the system on the supply and return pipelines of the heating unit, on the supply and circulation pipelines of the hot water supply system (see Rules for metering thermal energy and coolant. -M.: Mintopenergo. GU Gosenergonadzor, 1995 , Fig. 3, 5, 7).

 The disadvantage of these schemes is that when the flow rate in the domestic hot water system is greater than in the heating system (this is especially noticeable in the autumn-spring period, when the water flow for heating is small), the water meter installed on the return pipe of the heating unit will produce false indications, respectively, the results of measurements of the amount of heat and heat carrier consumed will be unreliable. When water is supplied from the return pipe, the meter installed on it will work in conditions that significantly reduce its service life. In addition, with a closed valve in the supply pipe, unregistered selection of hot water from the system can be carried out.

 There is a known scheme of a heating station, in which, to reduce water consumption, the DHW circulation pipe is connected to a jumper between the return pipe of a heating station and an elevator (see A. p. 838276, MKI F 24 D 3/08).

 The main disadvantage of this scheme is that if it is necessary to supply water to the DHW system only from the return pipe, the available pressure is not enough to ensure circulation flow, because in this case, the created pressure is several centimeters, and at least 1 m of water is required. Art. If the pipeline passes through an unheated room (for example, an attic), then this leads to freezing of water in the pipes and their rupture.

 This drawback is deprived of a heat point according to a. with. N 842343, MKI F 24 D 11/02, in which the circulation of water in the hot water supply system is created by installing a diaphragm on the return pipe, which ensures circulation pressure between the water distribution and circulation pipes of the DHW system.

The disadvantage of this scheme is the inability to meet the requirements of SNiP 2.04.01-85 for hot water temperature, since only the return pipe is supplied to the DHW system, and for the temperature schedule of network water it is 150-70 ^o C at an outdoor temperature above minus 20 ^o C requirements specified SNiP impossible.

 The closest analogue (prototype) of the proposed technical solution is a heat point, the scheme of which is described in the book: V.S. Falikov, V.P. Vitaliev. Automation of heat points. Reference manual. - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1989, p. 96, fig. 3.12.

 The disadvantage of the prototype is the need to maintain increased circulation and, therefore, network water flow, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the heat supply system.

 The task is to reduce the consumption of network water through a heat point, ensure reliable control over the consumption of heat energy and coolant, and eliminate unregistered water withdrawal from the heating system.

 The essence of the proposed technical solution lies in the fact that the heat point contains a supply, return, water supply and circulation pipelines, a temperature controller with a valve and a sensor, water meters on the supply, return, water distribution and circulation pipelines, a flow regulator on the circulation pipeline and is characterized in that a pump is installed between the circulation and water distribution pipelines, connected to the flow regulator and the water meter by the inlet to the circulation pipeline, and by the outlet to the water distribution a new pipeline between the water meter and the temperature controller sensor, an additional temperature controller is installed in parallel with the flow controller in the circulation pipe, with its sensor located upstream of the flow controller, and a check valve installed on the return pipe after the circulation pipe, behind which there is a bypass line with a check valve connected between temperature regulator valve and water meter on the water pipe.

 A diagram of the device of the invention is shown in FIG. 1.

 The system consists of a supply point 1 and a return 2 pipelines of a heating unit, a diaphragm 3, a temperature regulator 4 (shown by a dashed line) with a valve 5 and a temperature sensor 6, water meters 7 and 8, a water folding 9 and a circulation 10 piping of the DHW system are installed on the return pipe , a flow controller 11 and an additional temperature controller 12 with a sensor 13, a circulation pump 14, check valves 15 - 19, water meters 20, 21 and a bypass line 22.

 The device operates as follows.

Using the temperature controller 4 sets the maximum permissible temperature of hot water in accordance with SNiP (temperature T3 in the water intake pipe 9 is set to about 75 ^o C) to ensure minimum water intake, and an additional temperature controller 12 sets the minimum allowable temperature of hot water (temperature T4 in the circulation pipe 10 is set about 60 ^o C). The flow controller 11 sets the minimum water flow rate so that the sensor of the additional temperature controller 13 is at a temperature of T4. When the water temperature T4 is higher than the value set by the regulator 12, its valve is closed and a minimum circulation flow through the flow regulator 11 is ensured (about 10% of the heating flow). If this flow rate is less than required, i.e. the temperature T4 becomes less than the value set by the controller 12, it opens, the flow increases, the flow of hot water through the temperature controller 4 increases, and the temperature T4 increases to the desired value.

 The circulation pump 14 is necessary when laying the piping of the DHW system through an unheated room, i.e. when there is a danger of freezing water at low flow rates. Inserting the pipeline of the pump 14 between the water meter 7 and the sensor 6 eliminates the influence of the water flow set by the pump on the readings of the water meter 7.

 The non-return valve 16 with the bypass line 22 is necessary for the case when the flow rate of hot water for water intake exceeds the flow rate of hot water for heating, as well as in the static mode of operation of the system when hot water is supplied from the return pipe.

 The check valve 19 eliminates unregistered water withdrawal from the heating network, and the amount of water consumed will be recorded by the meter 7.

 In FIG. 2. shows a variant of the proposed technical solution, in which a water heater 23 of water taken from the return pipe can be used.

The proposed device allows to obtain the following positive effects:
- the system provides reliable data on the consumption of thermal energy. When the condition of all elements of the heating unit is in good condition, unregistered water withdrawal from the heating network is impossible;
- in the DHW system, the requirements of SNiP to the temperature of hot water are provided;
- the possibility of freezing water in the piping of the hot water supply system laid through an unheated room is excluded with the circulation flow of water in the hot water supply system, which practically does not increase the flow of network water above the minimum possible value.

Claims (1)

 A heat point in an open heat supply system, comprising supply, return, water supply and circulation pipelines, a temperature controller with a valve and a sensor, water meters on the supply, return, water supply and circulation pipelines, a flow regulator on the circulation pipeline, characterized in that between the circulation and water distribution pipelines a pump is installed, connected by an inlet to the circulation pipe to the flow regulator, and by an outlet to a water pipe between the water meter and the dates As a temperature controller, an additional temperature controller is installed in parallel with the flow controller in the circulation pipe, and its sensor is located upstream of the flow controller and water meter, a non-return valve is installed on the return pipe after the circulation pipe, followed by a bypass line with a non-return valve connected between the temperature controller valve and a water meter on a water pipe.

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