RU215122U1 - SEGMENT SHUT-OFF AND CONTROL VALVE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to pipeline fittings, namely to shut-off and control valves for controlling the working medium of pipelines transporting liquid and gaseous media, in order to bring the controlled technological process to the desired level, move or deliver the working medium from the source to destination, as well as for other similar tasks. The technical result provided by the utility model is an increase in the throughput coefficient of a segment shut-off and control valve in the open state (ensuring the full passage of the working medium) and ensuring tightness of class "A" according to GOST 9544-2015 in the closed state, while ensuring minimal wear between the seals and sealing surface, while maintaining small design dimensions and weight of the valve. The technical result is achieved in the design of a segmental shut-off and control valve, consisting of a body that is in functional and structural unity, having the shape of a cylinder relative to the geometric axis connecting the centers of the inlet and outlet pipes, a seat with a sealing conical surface located at the inlet pipe of the valve body, a shaft with a locking element made in the form of a segment with a reciprocal sealing conical surface and overlapping the seat of the inlet pipe of the valve body, characterized in that the diameter of the central part of the valve body is greater than the diameter in the inlet and outlet pipes required for the passage of the working medium, and is selected from the condition of placement in the body valve when it is fully opened segmental locking element having four displacements: due to displacement of the shaft axis relative to the axis of the valve body, due to displacement of the sealing plane of the locking element relative to the shaft axis, due to the radial displacement of the top n of the cone of the locking element relative to the axis of the pipeline and due to the displacement of the axis of the bearing surface of the seat relative to the axis of the valve body.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to pipeline fittings, namely to shut-off and control valves for controlling the working medium of pipelines transporting liquid and gaseous media, in order to bring the controlled technological process to the desired level, move or deliver the working medium from the source to destination, as well as for other similar tasks.

The level of technology in this area is characterized by a variety of designs of pipeline valves of general industrial and special execution (see D.F. Gurevich. Calculation and design of pipeline valves. M .: Mashinostroenie, 1964; V.I. Anuryev. Handbook of a mechanical engineer. In 3 volumes. - M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 1980; D.F. Gurevich. Handbook of pipeline fittings designer. - L.: Mashinostroyeniye, Leningrad department., 1987; P.I. Orlov. Fundamentals of design. Reference manual in two books. Under P. N. Uchaev, Ph.D., M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 1988; Industrial pipeline fittings. Catalogue, M.: TsINTIKhimneftemashy, 1992 (with subsequent changes and additions), part I-IV).

From the above and other well-known technical literature and catalog materials of enterprises producing and selling pipeline fittings, it follows that at the end of the 20th century, ball valves began to be widely used instead of valves, gates and valves of outdated designs (GOST 24856-2014 Pipe fittings. Terms and definitions, clause 5.5.3; ST TsKBA 123-2019 Pipe fittings Terms and definitions (with illustrations), clause 5.5.3). This provided a sharp increase in the reliability and safety of operation of both the valve itself and the systems in which it was installed, primarily due to the provision of the necessary requirements for tightness and an increase in service life, compared with previously used counterparts. However, the massive use of ball valves in a number of cases led to negative phenomena: hydraulic and pneumatic shocks when they are suddenly opened, the inability to open or close valves that have been operated for a long time in a closed or open state in the presence of mechanical or aggressive impurities in the working environment, etc. d. This forced specialists to reconsider their attitude to ball valves to a certain extent and look for alternative solutions.

The developers find the solution to the above problems in shut-off and control valves (GOST 24856-2014 Pipe fittings. Terms and definitions, clause 5.5.2; ST TsKBA 123-2019 Pipe fittings. Terms and definitions (with illustrations), clause 5.5.2) .

From the prior art, versions of hermetically closing throttle (shut-off) valves are known: centered, elementary eccentric, double-eccentric, three-eccentric, four-eccentric and five-eccentric, the design of which not only is not inferior to ball valves in terms of tightness and reliability, but at the same time has significantly smaller dimensions and weight , and surpasses ball valves in terms of simplicity of design and speed of operation (patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2699453, according to class IPC F16K 1/22, the date of application and the start date of the patent term is 15.08.2018, the date of publication is 05.09.2019 city, convention priority 05/07/2018 EP EP 18000434).

A single-seated segment rotary valve is known, containing a body with inlet and outlet openings, a conical seat and a shut-off element made in the form of a segment of a sphere (B.F. Bratin. Pipe fittings for abrasive liquids. - M .: Mashinostroenie, 1981, fig. 22 and 25).

The disadvantages of such a valve are the constant contact between the sealing surfaces of the seat and the locking element in the process of their mutual movement, which entails their strong wear by the abrasive particles contained in the flow, as well as increased efforts on the actuator when regulating the flow of the working medium. These shortcomings make it difficult to use these valves on main pipelines in the presence of abrasive inclusions in the flow.

The specified technical problem is solved in a segmental shut-off and control valve, containing a body with inlet and outlet holes located on the same axis, a valve seat with a conical sealing surface located at the inlet, a locking element - a segmented plunger made with a conical sealing surface with attached to it by two levers, at the ends of which the spikes are rigidly fixed, characterized in that the spikes are placed with the possibility of rotation in the holes of the eccentric bushings, the geometric axes of which are offset relative to the geometric axes of the eccentric bushings, and these bushings are placed with the possibility of rotation in the slots located on the side walls of the housing, the ends of the U-shaped locking lever are rigidly attached to the ends of the eccentric bushings on the outer side of the housing (patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. year, date pub lications on September 10, 2015).

Known shut-off valve containing a housing, inlet and outlet fittings, a tuning mechanism consisting of a spring-loaded horizontal piston and a vertical rod interacting with each other with flat, perpendicular stops; cocking mechanism; a saddle and a valve connected by a rod to a vertical spring-loaded rod, characterized in that the body is equipped with a spring-loaded plunger located perpendicular to its axis, a magnet at one of its ends, a magnetic sensor, for example, a normally open reed switch, an LED and a power source, and the spring-loaded plunger designed so that at one end it interacts with the shutter, with the shut-off valve open, and at the other end, on which the magnet is located, with a magnetic sensor with the shut-off valve closed, and the magnetic sensor is connected in series with the LED and the power source (patent of the Russian Federation for invention no.

The disadvantage of this device is low reliability and safety, due to the use of the shutter on the axis.

This technical problem is solved by the fact that the shut-off valve with a rotary segmental gate contains a body with inlet and outlet channels, a seat installed in the body, a valve in contact with the seat and blocking the outlet channel, a body cover with a mechanical drive installed in it, a mechanical drive, which rotates the shutter with a decrease or increase in pressure inside the housing and a mechanism for cocking a mechanical drive. At the same time, the shutter is made in the form of a base with a spherical movable segment fixed on it, covering the saddle of the outlet channel, while the base is rigidly fixed on a support installed in the valve body, which rotates around its axis by a mechanical drive shaft (Russian Federation patent for utility model No. 203081 , according to class IPC F16K 5/20, F16K 31/521, the filing date of the application and the start date of the patent term is 09/08/2020, the publication date is 03/22/2021).

Other examples of technical solutions for shut-off and control valves are also known from the prior art: RU 19113 U1, 03/14/2001; RU 2271438 C2, 10.03.2006; RU60 666 U1, 04/13/2006; RU 56538 U1, 09/10/2006; RU 2285180 C1, 10.10.2006; RU 2353843 C1, 27.04.2009; RU 2447259 C2, 10.04.2012; as well as FR 2108821 A1, 05/26/1972; SU 875162 A1, 10/23/1981; DE 4422055 C1, 07.12.1995; WO 2009138849 A1, 11/19/2009; and etc.

The solution closest in technical essence, chosen as a prototype of the claimed utility model, is a single-seated rotary segment valve, containing a body with inlet and outlet openings located on the same axis, a valve seat with a conical sealing surface located at the inlet, a locking element - a plunger , made in the form of a segment with a sealing conical surface and with two levers attached to it, at the ends of which spikes are rigidly fixed, and installed in a housing with eccentricity relative to the sealing plane and the axis of the sealing surface of the seat, providing a tight fit of the sealing surface to the cone of the seat in the closed position , and rotary drive. This valve, in particular, is manufactured by CJSC "DS Controls" OGRN 1025300782407, TIN 5321065626 (Mazoneilan. Operating instructions for the Kamflex control valve series 35002 with electric drive. Instruction No. EF 5000 P1, URL: https://dscontrols.net/upload/iblock /deb/debab508f3f234dcba4f97871f221976.pdf, accessed 03/31/2022).

The disadvantages of the prototype, which do not allow to achieve the set technical goal, are: the complexity and high cost of manufacturing, although this shut-off and control valve is effective when used in environments containing abrasive inclusions. To reduce abrasive wear, the parts that provide flow control and tightness, the seat and the locking element - the plunger (segment) are made of hard alloy, which is also a disadvantage of this valve. In addition, even with high precision in the manufacture of parts, when fitting the plunger to the seat, it is necessary to ensure that the force of pressing the plunger to the seat is comparable to the force of hydrostatic pressure. This force is created due to the transmission of torque applied to one of the spikes (axis of rotation) rigidly connected to the plunger levers, i.e. valve parts are not equally loaded and are in a complex stress-strain state, which results in the weighting of the shut-off and control valve. The next disadvantage of the prototype is increased beyond the required internal volume of the valve, hence its increased dimensions, weight and hydraulic losses caused by large volumes of vortex formation zones.

A common technical problem of the above analogues is the fact that all hitherto known solutions in the field of valve design are characterized by higher wear in the sealing area and sealing surface than elsewhere. This is justified by the fact that the turning radius in this area is very small and also by the fact that the geometry is defined by the conical sealing surface within very narrow limits. Depending on the choice of eccentricity, the taper angle and its location in space among known structures becomes known.

The reason that has hindered the development of new globe valves is that the seal located in the closure element no longer has contact with the sealing surface in the valve body if the valve is at least 10° open. This contact during the action process is associated with a high coefficient of friction and wear, and it can only be avoided by increasing the second eccentricity (displacement of the sealing plane relative to the shaft axis), however, this leads to an increase in the torque of the device due to uneven distribution of pressure on the locking element ( patent of the Russian Federation for an invention No. 2699453, according to class IPC F16K 1/22, the date of filing the application and the start date of the patent term is 08/15/2018, the publication date is 09/05/2019, the convention priority is 05/07/2018 EP EP 18000434, page 7).

Thus, there is a need for a valve that incorporates shut-off and control functions, as well as having the advantages of eccentric valves, while additionally providing minimal wear between the seal and the sealing surface.

The solution of the above technical problems, in particular for the prototype of the claimed utility model, is provided in the design of a segmental shut-off and control valve, consisting of a body that is in functional and structural unity, having the shape of a cylinder relative to the geometric axis connecting the centers of the inlet and outlet pipes, a seat with a sealing conical surface located at the inlet pipe of the valve body, a shaft with a locking element made in the form of a segment with a mating sealing conical surface and overlapping the seat of the inlet pipe of the valve body, characterized in that the diameter of the central part of the valve body is larger than the diameter in the inlet and outlet pipes required for the passage of the working medium, and is selected from the condition of placing in the valve body when it is fully opened a segmental locking element having four displacements: due to the displacement of the shaft axis relative to the axis of the valve body, due to the displacement of the sealing plane of the locking element relative to the axis of the shaft, due to the radial displacement of the tops of the cone of the locking element relative to the axis of the pipeline and due to the displacement of the axis of the supporting surface of the seat relative to the axis of the valve body.

Due to the extension of the segmented locking element beyond the working diameter of the pipeline, the valve has a full passage of the working medium in the open state (high capacity), with minimal pressure loss of the working medium flow and a slight increase in the size and weight of the valve.

In addition, "stretching" the elliptical seating surface of the obturator to a circle shape also makes the flow area of a four-offset segmental globe valve one size larger than that of a similar three-offset valve, thereby increasing the valve's capacity factor.

Thus, the technical result provided by the utility model is an increase in the throughput coefficient of a segment shut-off and control valve in the open state (ensuring the full passage of the working medium) and ensuring tightness class A according to GOST 9544-2015 in the closed state, while ensuring minimal wear between sealing and sealing surface and keeping the valve small in size and weight.

The essence of the claimed utility model (segment shut-off and control valve) and the possibility of its practical implementation is illustrated in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, where

fig. 1 - general view of a segmented shut-off and control valve;

fig. 2 - enlarged view A;

fig. 3 - enlarged view B;

fig. 4 - enlarged view of the G-G section;

fig. 5 - enlarged view of the section D-D;

fig. 6 - the design principle of a segmental shut-off and control valve with four eccentricities (offsets of the locking element).

The general design of the segmental shut-off and control valve (Fig. 1-6) consists of components (parts) that are in functional and structural unity: 1 - housing; 2 - bracket; 3 - lock bushing; 4 - segmental locking element; 8 - bushing; 9 - top sealing ring; 10 - washer; 11 - saddle; 12 - washer; 15 - lower sealing ring; 16 - ring; 18 - flange; 19 - flange; 21 - bushing; 23 - sleeve; 25 - cork; 27 - shaft; 28 - spindle; 30 - ear; 32 - flap; 33 - laying; 34 - ring; 57 - electric drive interconnected by assembly operations and assembly units: 37 - Screw GOST R ISO 4026-2013; 38 - Screw GOST 11738-84; 39 - Screw GOST 11738-84; 40 - Nut GOST 5915-70; 41 - Nut GOST 5915-70; 43 - Ring GOST 18839-73; 44 - Packing GOST 5152-84; 45 - Gasket GOST 23358-87; 47 - Washer GOST 11371-78; 48 - Washer GOST 11371-78; 49 - Washer GOST 6402-70; 50 - Hairpin GOST 22032-76; 51 - Hairpin GOST 22032-76; 53 - Key GOST 23360-78; 55 - Gasket SNP TU 5728-033-50187417-04; 56 - Washer GLACIER-WC18DU-04X.

The principle of operation of a segmental shut-off and control valve with four displacements of the segmental locking element 4 is based on the rotational movement of the segmental locking element 4 relative to the axis of the shaft 27 and the spindle 28 in the structure of the housing 1.

The body 1 of the segmental shut-off and control valve (Fig. 1-5) has the shape of a cylinder (pipe cut) relative to the geometric axis connecting the centers of the inlet and outlet pipes. The possible displacement of the geometrical axis of the body 1, as well as the value of the radius in its central part, is selected from the condition of placing a segmental locking element 4 in the body 1 when the valve is fully opened, which ensures a full passage of the working medium, just like a ball valve or a gate valve. Body 1 has a one-piece design that eliminates intermediate body-cover connections, which reduces the weight and dimensions of the valve, reduces the likelihood of leakage into the environment, and also simplifies valve maintenance. In addition, the simple and streamlined shape of the body 1 provides high resistance to erosion wear, eliminates the possibility of formation of dead zones, maintains a high throughput of the valve, provides self-compensation in case of a change in the temperature of the working medium, eliminates blocking or jamming of the segmental locking element 4 in the seat 11, and also resistant to hydro- and pneumatic shocks.

The locking element 4, made in the form of a segment with a sealing conical surface and located at the valve inlet, has three eccentricities (offsets), as in all 3 eccentric shut-off and control valves known from the prior art (Fig. 6):

X1 - displacement of the axis of the shaft relative to the axis of symmetry of the through hole of the housing;

X2 - displacement of the sealing plane of the locking element relative to the axis of the shaft;

X3 - radial displacement of the tops of the cone of the locking element relative to the axis of the pipeline.

But unlike three-eccentric shut-off and control valves, the developed design has a fourth eccentricity (offset) - X4 in Fig. 6. The plane of the seat for shut-off and control valves with three eccentricities (offsets) is inclined (that is, not perpendicular) with respect to the axis of symmetry of the seat cone, and the contours of the seat in vertical projection correspond to the shape of the ellipse section. For the claimed segmental shut-off and control valves, the cone is made in such a way that the contours of the plane of the segmental locking element 4 have the shape of a circle: diameter D in Fig. 6. "Stretching" the elliptical bearing surface of the seat of the 11-segment shut-off and control valve to the shape of a circle makes the valve flow area one size larger than that of shut-off and control valves with three eccentricities, increasing the valve's capacity factor. In addition, since the angle at the top of the cone forming the surface of the saddle 11 is greater than 8 ° (V.N. Evreinov. Hydraulics. Publishing house "Water transport". - L. - M., 1939, pp. 240-242) , at which there is an unseparated flow of the working medium, the sealing rings 9 and 15 are in vortex pockets, where the flow velocity is less than in the main flow and experience less wear in the presence of abrasive particles.

Seat 11 with a sealing chamfer is fixed in the body by means of a threaded lock. Touching the metal surfaces of the seat 11 and the segmental locking element 4 only at the last moment of closing the valve or at the initial moment of opening, thereby eliminating the constant contact of the sealing surfaces in the working environment with abrasive inclusions during the movement of the shutter, which protects them from damage and abrasion and ensures the absence of friction in the seat 11 throughout the rotation of the segmented locking element 4 until it comes into contact with the seat 11, which significantly increases the service life of the valve.

The actuator (for example, an electric drive 57 or a manual override) through the spindle 28 and the shaft 27 rotates the segmental locking element 4 in the range of up to 90°, which makes it possible to operate the valve in the half-open state of the locking element. Installing shaft 27 in two bearings increases the reliability of the design and service life, and additional elastic rings in bearing bushings 21 and 23 isolate the guide surfaces from the influence of the working environment, ensuring trouble-free operation of the valve in aggressive environments.

Known solutions containing similar distinctive features of the utility model, the author has not found.

Claims (1)

Segment shut-off and control valve, consisting of a body in functional and structural unity, having the shape of a cylinder relative to the geometric axis connecting the centers of the inlet and outlet pipes, a seat with a sealing conical surface located at the inlet pipe of the valve body, a shaft with a locking element made in the shape of a segment with a reciprocal sealing conical surface and overlapping the seat of the inlet pipe of the valve body, characterized in that the diameter of the central part of the valve body is greater than the diameter required for the passage of the working medium in the inlet and outlet pipes, and is selected from the condition of placement in the valve body when it is fully opened segmental locking element having four offsets: due to the displacement of the shaft axis relative to the axis of the valve body, due to the displacement of the sealing plane of the locking element relative to the shaft axis, due to the radial displacement of the tops of the locking element cone relative to the pipeline axis water and due to the displacement of the axis of the bearing surface of the seat relative to the axis of the valve body.

Images