RU2150015C1 - Exhaust system of internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engine manufacture. SUBSTANCE: exhaust system has exhaust gas and air mixing device which is, essentially, effective air injector, encased catalyst, and silencer interconnected through pipelines; ejector and catalyst are mounted directly downstream of exhaust manifold of engine. Silencer has one or more separators, accumulator with catalyst and ejector; each separator has expansion chamber reducing pulsation of exhaust gases; it also has cone with guide vanes swirling gas flow, one or more slot-type deflectors. EFFECT: improved cleaning of exhaust gases from toxic carbon compounds and chemically active suspended particles. 3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in ICE to reduce exhaust noise and exhaust gas treatment.

 A known internal combustion engine, in which an ejector and a catalyst are installed directly behind the exhaust manifold (US patent N 3045422, class F 01 N 3/10, publ. 1962).

 However, the known design does not provide means for damping exhaust noise.

 Known exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, containing an ejector for mixing exhaust gases with air, a catalyst in the housing and a silencer, interconnected by pipelines (AS USSR N 1719674, class F 01 N 7/08, publ. 1992).

 The known system is adopted as a prototype.

 However, in the known system, an ejector and a catalyst are installed after the silencer; the system is not efficient enough.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the system.

 The task is achieved in that the ICE exhaust system contains a device for mixing exhaust gases with air, which is an effective pneumatic ejector, a catalyst in the housing and a noise muffler, interconnected by pipelines, while the ejector and catalyst are installed directly behind the engine exhaust manifold, and the muffler noise has one or more separators, a drive with a catalyst and an ejector. Each of the separators has an expansion chamber, a cone with paddle guides and conical slot reflectors. The drive is equipped with an easily removable cover.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where
in FIG. 1 shows the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine;
in FIG. 2 - a muffler;
in FIG. 3 is a section along AA of FIG. 2;
in FIG. 4 - silencer (layout option);
in FIG. 5 is a section BB of FIG. 4.

 The internal combustion engine 1 contains an exhaust manifold 2, immediately behind which an ejector 3 and a catalyst 4 are installed (in the zone of the highest temperature of the exhaust gases), which contributes to the most active reoxidation of unburned fuel residues and a sharp decrease in the level of toxicity of exhaust gases. The ejector 3, the catalyst 4 and the muffler 5 are interconnected by pipelines 6.

 The muffler (Figs. 2-5) has an inlet pipe 7, one or more separators, each of which has a cone 8 with vane guides 9 that swirl the gas flow, an expansion chamber 10 to reduce gas pulsation, and slot reflectors 11 to separate the flow.

 The cone is equipped with a narrowed part 12. In addition, the muffler has a drive 13 for collecting suspended particles separated from the gas with a catalyst 14 and an ejector 15.

 The separators can be separated by partitions 16 (Fig. 2).

 The exhaust system of the internal combustion engine works as follows.

 The exhaust gases from the collector 2 of the engine 1 enter the ejector 3, which draws in atmospheric air and mixes it with the exhaust gas stream.

At the outlet of the engine manifold 2, the exhaust gases have a temperature of up to 900 ^° , therefore, after mixing the air with the gases, the active process of further oxidation of the products of incomplete combustion of the fuel with atmospheric oxygen begins. A more active process of gas oxidation contributes to the catalyst 4, through which the gas stream is then passed. The level of toxicity of gases after oxidation decreases sharply.

Then, through the inlet pipe 7, a pulsating exhaust stream enters the cone 8 of the muffler 5, using the blade guides 9 receives a rotational movement, passing at high speed through the narrowed part of the cone 12, changes direction by 180 ^o using conical reflectors 11 and enters the expansion chamber 10. In the cone 8 and the expansion chamber 10, flow pulsation is smoothed out, and using conical slot reflectors 11 it is divided into two components, while the light fraction rushes to expand battening chamber 10, and suspended particles through the gap between the reflectors is discharged into the accumulator 13. The ejector 15 creates a negative pressure in the accumulator 13, which contributes to a more efficient separation of particulate matter from the gas. The drive 13 has an easily removable cover that provides removal of suspended particles from the drive during operation of the engine.

 The proposed exhaust system of the internal combustion engine has a simple and, therefore, reliable design and allows you to effectively clean the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine from toxic carbon compounds and suspended particles.

Claims (3)

 1. The exhaust system of an internal combustion engine containing an ejector for mixing exhaust gases with air, a catalyst in the housing and a silencer, interconnected by pipelines, characterized in that the ejector and catalyst are installed directly behind the exhaust manifold of the engine, and the silencer has one or more separators , drive with catalyst and ejector.  2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the separator has an expansion chamber, a cone with blade guides and conical slot reflectors.  3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive has an easily removable cover.

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