RU2149693C1 - Device and method of concentrating finely dispersed heavy concentrates - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gold-producing industry, particularly, concentration of finely ground heavy concentrates containing finely dispersed gold; applicable at placers, concentration mills and concentration plants of heavy concentrates. SUBSTANCE: device is vertical apparatus including fractionating vertical chamber made in the form of tune 200 mm in diameter and 1000 mm high with injector having four crosswise arranged holes for water flowing and appliances for introduction of heavy concentrate to depth of 130-150 mm from water surface and consisting of distributing screen with 35-37 meshes 2 mm in diameter. Fractionated in vertically supplied upward jet of water separately are narrow classes sizing 1-0.315 and 0.315-0 mm, with water flow velocity in chamber equalling 11.3 and 9.5 cm/s. EFFECT: higher recovery of finely dispersed gold. 2 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the gold mining industry, in particular the beneficiation of finely divided concentrates containing finely divided gold, and can be used in mines, processing plants and concentrating plants.

 Inkjet devices are widely known in which enrichment takes place in an inclined flow under the action of gravity. Such devices include jet chutes and cone separators / 1, p. 333 /.

 B / 1, p. 106 / describes the Hooke classifier, which has annular oblique channels. The disadvantages of this classifier include high water consumption and a high apparatus height, up to 15 m.

The classification tubes of the “Four-spot hydraulic classifier” / 1, p. 106 /, which are similar in principle to operation, are also known, in which the classification proceeds in 2 stages:
1) in a horizontal expanding flow under conditions of free deposition in pyramidal chambers (spigots);
2) in vertical classification tubes with chambers (vortexes) for tangential water supply to the tubes.

 As noted in / 1, p. 87 /, the process of hydraulic classification is a way of dividing a mixture of mineral grains into classes according to the rate of fall in water. "Classification is mainly used to separate materials by size."

 By the combination of features, the analogues of the proposed device can be a portable vertical type inkjet apparatus for enrichment / 2 /, including a vertical fractionation chamber with a nozzle supplying water vertically upwards, a device for introducing concentrate, consisting of a distribution sieve and a pipe located under the sieve.

 An analogue of the proposed method for the totality of features can be a method of enrichment of gold-containing crushed rocks / 3 /, including continuous loading of material, unloading of enriched concentrate and waste, fractionation of the concentrate in a stream of water supplied vertically upward.

The invention consists in that:
- the fractionation chamber (enrichment) is made in the form of a vertical pipe with a diameter of 200 mm and a height of 1000 mm, the nozzle has four crosswise openings for water outflow, and a distribution sieve for loading the concentrate has 35-37 holes with a diameter of 2 mm,
- narrow classes of fineness 1-0.315 or 0.315-0 mm are separately fractionated (enriched), loaded into the fractionation chamber to a depth of 130-150 mm from the water surface to ensure that the introduced concentrate is not mixed with the water discharge and the floated fraction, while the water velocity in the chamber is respectively 11.3 and 9.5 cm / s.

The drawing shows a portable device for the enrichment of finely divided concentrates
1 - fractionation chamber;
2 - nozzle;
3 - unloading estrus;
4 - a collection of concentrate;
5 - a candle;
6 - bracket;
7 - sump;
8 - a partition;
9 - hatch for unloading the pop-up fraction;
10 - pump;
11 - hopper;
12 - dosing device;
13 - loading funnel;
14 - drain tray;
15 - pipe;
16 - holes in the nozzle for supplying water;
17 - divider sieve.

 A portable device for concentrating concentrates with a particle size of not more than 1.0 mm consists of a fractionation chamber 1, a discharge chute 3, a concentrate collector 4, a sump 7, a pump 10 and a metering device 12, a sieve-divider 17.

The fractionation chamber is made in the form of a steel pipe with a diameter of 200 mm and a height of 1000 mm, mounted vertically. The bottom of the chamber has an inclination angle of 60 ^° , a nozzle 2 is installed in the center of the nozzle. The nozzle is a tube with a diameter of 70 mm having four lateral crosswise openings 16 through which water is generated into the fractionation chamber by pump 10, creating a vertical flow.

The discharge chute 3 is a continuation of the bottom of the fractionation chamber, also has an angle of inclination of 60 ^° and serves to continuously drain the sunken fraction from the fractionation chamber 1 to the concentrate collector 4.

The drowned fraction accumulated in the concentrate collector is periodically removed, approximately 1 time per day, for which the bottom of the concentrate collector has an inclination angle of 60 ^° .

 The feed of the concentrate into the fractional chamber 1 is carried out from the hopper 11 using a metering device 12 through the feed funnel 13. In the lower part of the funnel, a divider sieve 17 with a hole diameter of 2 mm and a number of holes equal to 35-37 is installed.

 A continuation of the funnel 13 is a pipe 15 with a diameter of 50-60 mm. The indicated diameter value is due to the need to maintain a certain ratio of the areas of horizontal sections of the fractionation chamber and the loading funnel pipe.

 The lower end of the pipe 15 is below the water level in the fractional chamber 130-150 mm from the surface of the water to ensure that the input concentrate is not mixed with the water discharge and the floated fraction.

 In the upper part of the fractionation chamber, a drain tray 14 is installed, through which water and the floated fraction are removed into the sump 7.

 Concentrate capacity of the plant is about 60 tons / year.

 The method of enrichment of narrow classes of fineness of concentrates, the purpose of which is to obtain gold-enriched concentrate in an upward flow of water, in the setup described above is as follows.

 The entire system with a pump 10 is filled with water, while the candle 5 serves to remove air.

 After that, the pump 10 continuously supplies water to the fractionation chamber 1, the vertical velocity of which in the chamber must be quite certain, for example, 9.5-11.3 cm / s. On top of the dispenser 12 from the hopper 11 into the feed hopper 13 and, accordingly, through the divider-sieve 17 installed in it, the concentrate is fed. The divider is necessary so that the entire array of supplied concentrate is cut into a series of streams (streams) before it enters the water, as a result of which the concentration of concentrate and the productivity of the installation are significantly increased.

 Due to the fact that the speed of movement of water in chamber 1 is less than the rate of fall of gold particles, the latter fall into the lower part of chamber 1. Together with gold particles, a certain amount of the heaviest particles of various minerals also fall into the lower part of the chamber. As a rule, all particles of quartz (sand) and a significant amount of particles of various minerals (the surfaced fraction) are carried away by a water stream to the upper part of chamber 1 and are removed through a tray 14 to a sedimentation tank 7.

 Sinking fraction, i.e. concentrate, from the bottom of the chamber 1 along an inclined discharge chute 3 are lowered into the concentrate collector 4, from where it is periodically (1 time per day) discharged through the hatch 6.

 Water from the two-section sump 7 is taken by the pump 10 and again fed into the fractionation chamber 1. Thus, the water cycle is closed, which is economically advantageous and environmentally justified.

 The described method for enrichment of finely dispersed concentrate was carried out in a laboratory setup similar to that described above, i.e. which is its model counterpart. Separate size classes (2-1; 1-0.315 and 0.315-0 mm) were subjected to fractionation, to which the concentrate was previously dispersed.

 Fractionation was carried out as follows. Pump 10 through the nozzle 2 in the fractionation chamber 1 was supplied with water. By regulating the voltage supplied to the pump (in different cases it was 70, 72 and 76 V), different pump capacities were achieved (121, 150 and 179 l / h), and, accordingly, different vertical water speeds in the fractionation chamber, and namely 7.7, 9.5 and 11.3 cm / s.

 The choice of the indicated water velocities is based on a preliminary experiment to determine the rate of fall in still water of the same size particles of quartz, magnetite and gold. In practice, a clear separation of gold particles does not occur, but a very significant re-enrichment of the surfaced and drown fractions takes place, as shown in the table.

In the table:
- columns 2, 3, 4 show the pump operating conditions: voltage (volts) supplied to the pump motor, pump performance corresponding to this voltage, and water velocity in chamber 1; the letters “b” and “p” next to the stress values denote the floated and drown fractions,
- in columns 5 and 6 - the output of the fractions obtained during the operation of the pump with different capacities, and, accordingly, at different speeds of water in chamber 1. The output of the fractions is given in grams (column 5) and in percent (column 6) of the total weight of the original samples i.e. mixtures of all size classes,
- in columns 7, 8, 9 the gold content is shown, and in column 8 - percentages of the total gold content in the initial sample, i.e. mixtures of all classes of fineness (2-1, 1-0.315 and <0.315 mm).

 As can be seen from the table, when enriching the size class of 2-1 mm, the fractions that surfaced at a water speed of 9.5 and 11.3 cm / s (samples 1 and 2) contain gold, respectively, 935.8 and 410.1 g / t.

 The fraction that has sunk at a water speed of 11.3 cm / s (sample 3) contains 1613.3 g / t of gold, while the entire 2-1 mm class contains 959.8 g / t. Those. enrichment occurred in 1613.3 / 959.8 = 1.68 times, which can be considered insufficiently effective.

 When enriching the size class of 1.0-0.315 mm in the three fractions obtained (samples 4, 5, 6), the gold content naturally increases: 371.2, 1211.7 and 7934.0 g / t. The fraction that has sunk at a water speed of 11.3 cm / s contains 7934.0 g / t of gold, while the entire class 1.0-0.315 mm contains 1658.6 g / t. Those. enrichment occurred in 7934.0 / 1658.6 = 4.78 times, which can be considered effective.

 In the enrichment of the fineness class <0.315 mm, the fraction that drowned at a water speed of 9.5 cm / s (sample 9) contains gold 22044.0 g / t, while the entire class <0.315 contains 3051.4 g / t. Those. enrichment of the sunken fraction occurred in 22044 / 3051.4 = 7.2 times, which can be considered very effective.

Literature
1. Shokhin V.N. Gravity enrichment methods. M. - "Nedra" 1980. - 400 p.

 2. SU 2702 A, 04.30.27, B 03 B 5/68, 3 s.

 3. RU 2068301 C1, 10.27.96, B 03 B 9/00, 5 s.

Claims (2)

 1. The device, which is a portable inkjet apparatus of the vertical type for the enrichment of finely dispersed sludges, including a vertical fractionation chamber with a nozzle supplying water vertically upward, a device for introducing sludge, consisting of a distribution sieve and a pipe located under the sieve, characterized in that the fractionation chamber made in the form of a vertical pipe with a diameter of 200 mm and a height of 1000 mm, the nozzle has four cross-shaped holes for water outflow, a distribution sieve to them a number of openings 35 - 37 2 mm in diameter.  2. A method of enrichment of finely dispersed sludges, including loading material, unloading of enriched sludge and waste, fractionation of sludge in a stream of water fed vertically upward, characterized in that narrow classes of fineness 1 - 0.315 and 0.315 - 0 mm are separately fractionated, loaded into the fractionation chamber by a depth of 130 - 150 mm from the surface of the water to ensure no mixing of the introduced concentrate with the water discharge and the floated fraction, while the water velocity in the chamber is 11.3 and 9.5 cm / s, respectively.

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