RU2149081C1 - Method for disintegrating chips at outlet of deep drilling zone and apparatus for performing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine tool manufacture, particularly technique of disintegrating chip at outlet of zone of vertical deep drilling of portal-type metal cutting machine tool for drilling deep holes in tube walls or in similar large-size products used in power machine engineering. SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of imparting to chip additional kinetic energy by action at least of one additional high-pressure stream of cutting fluid directed from side opposite relative to first high-pressure stream to zone of outlet opening of cavity for discharging cutting fluid. In apparatus for performing the method device for disintegrating chips is in the form of hydraulic system having at least one nozzle mounted in housing and joined with source of high-pressure cutting fluid. Axis of nozzle is inclined relative to axis of drill for deep drilling. EFFECT: stable high-quality disintegration of chip with elimination of its entangling and knotting in effective reliable apparatus easy at using. 5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to methods for grinding chips at the exit from the vertical deep drilling zone of a portal type metal cutting machine, intended for the manufacture of deep holes in tube sheets and other large-sized parts used in power engineering.

Known metal-cutting machines of the portal type with various structural designs of a device for grinding chips and a device for draining lubricating coolant with chips, common to which is the presence of a pipeline connecting the chip collection mechanism to a collection tank located outside the machine. The length of the pipeline is determined by the dimensions of the portal, which in turn depends on the dimensions of the workpiece, and can reach several meters. (DE, application N 3333267 C. MKI B 23 Q 11/02, 1984)
A known method of grinding chips at the outlet of a deep drilling zone, comprising supplying chips formed during cutting with a lubricating-cooling fluid through a deep-hole drill into a cavity for draining a cooling-cooling liquid, and grinding chips in a specified cavity by a single high-pressure jet is lubricating -cooling fluid, message to the chip additional kinetic energy, deformation of the chip under the influence of the aforementioned high-pressure jet lubricating coolant STI with a change in its dimensions and direction of the flow of the crushed chips total lubricating and cooling fluid in the collection container (SU, Inventor's Certificate N 964810 cl. IPC B 23 Q 11/10, 1982).

 The disadvantages of this method include the lack of stability of the grinding of the chips entering the cavity for draining the lubricating-cooling fluid with chips from the deep drilling zone, carried out on vertical multi-spindle machines. This is due to a change in the condition of the cutting edges of the drill, as well as the fact that the chips entering the outlet cavity break apart due to a change in the direction of movement and differences in the speed of its movement and the fluid flow rate during chip transportation.

 Lubricating and cooling fluid entering through the channel of a deep-hole drill into the cutting zone and then, together with the chips, into the collection tank does not have enough energy necessary for grinding chips, the parameters of which change both in time and in space when holes are drilled with deep drilling, in particular gun drills.

In addition, the cutting fluid during the transportation of chips continuously loses its kinetic energy. Energy loss occurs
- due to leaks;
- by changing the size of the cross sections of the holes and the shape of the channels through which the lubricating coolant moves, changing the parameters of the fluid and cutting conditions;
- due to the movement along the stem of the drill deep drilling from the bottom up and changing the direction of movement at the entrance to the cavity of its outlet along with the chips.

 The chips entering the cavity for removal from the cutting zone have various parameters, become tangled and form tangles, which, getting into the pipeline, clog it, and the liquid transporting the chips does not have the necessary and sufficient energy to grind it and push it through the pipeline.

 The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase the stability and reliability of the transportation of cutting fluid with chips during vertical drilling holes, regardless of the state of the chips and the parameters of the fluid. The technical result consists in ensuring stable and high-quality grinding of the chips located in the cavity for draining the lubricating coolant with the chips, as well as in avoiding entanglement of the chips and the formation of tangles at the outlet of the cavity.

 To achieve the above technical result in the known method of grinding chips at the outlet of the vertical deep drilling zone, including the supply of chips formed during the cutting process, a lubricating-cooling fluid flow through a deep-drilling drill into the cavity for draining the lubricating-cooling fluid, into the grinding of chips the specified cavity by the action of a single jet of high pressure lubricating coolant, message chip additional kinetic energy, deformation of the chip under the action of the aforementioned high-pressure jet of cutting fluid with a change in its geometrical dimensions and the direction of the crushed chips with the total flow of cutting fluid into the collection tank, the chips give additional kinetic energy under the influence of at least one additional high-pressure jet of cutting fluid directed from the opposite side relative to the first high-pressure jet into the zone of the outlet of the cavity for the removal of lubricating-cooling zhdayuschey liquid.

 The closest analogue to the proposed device is a device for grinding chips at the outlet of the deep drilling zone, comprising a housing designed to accommodate a deep drilling drill with a channel for lubricating coolant with chips and having an outlet in communication with the pipeline, and means for grinding chips (SU, copyright certificate N 1349892 class MKI B 23 B 51/06, 1987).

 The disadvantages of the known device for draining lubricating coolant with chips, adopted as a prototype, are that the chips entering the cavity for removal from the cutting zone have various parameters, are constantly tangled and form tangles, which, getting into the pipeline, clog it , and the chip transporting liquid does not have the necessary and sufficient energy to grind it. The pipeline has relatively large linear dimensions, has curved sections, bends, which complicate the conditions for the transportation of chips, because can inhibit the movement of chip mass due to the formation of balls of chips and seals from it.

 Thus, the known device for removing chips during the processing of large parts on gantry type machines leads to a decrease in the reliability of its operation, significantly affects its performance and ease of use.

 The problem to which the invention is directed, is to create a device for draining lubricating coolant with chips from the cutting zone, which has increased reliability in the cutting process, as well as ease of use and high efficiency.

 To achieve the above technical result in a known device for grinding chips at the outlet of the deep drilling zone, comprising a housing designed to accommodate a drill of deep drilling with a channel for draining lubricating coolant with chips and having an outlet in communication with the pipeline and means for grinding chips, the chip grinding means is made in the form of a hydraulic system having at least one nozzle mounted in the housing and in communication with a source of high Lenia lubricating and cooling fluid, wherein the nozzle axis is angled to the axis of the deep hole drill.

 In addition, the nozzle can be installed in the housing with the possibility of directing a high-pressure jet of lubricating-cooling fluid in the area of the outlet for guiding the chips through the pipeline, and the nozzle can also be configured to adjust the angle of inclination to the axis of the deep-hole drill.

 In addition, the device can be equipped with an additional nozzle designed to give the chip additional kinetic energy and directed from the opposite side relative to the first nozzle in the area of the outlet of the housing.

 In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a device for draining a cutting fluid with chips.

 In FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1.

 The present invention is illustrated by a specific implementation example, which, however, is not the only possible, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the given set of features of a given technical result.

 A device for draining the lubricant-cooling fluid with chips from the deep drilling zone comprises a housing 1, in which conductor and lunet bushings 2 and 3 are mounted coaxially on opposite walls with the possibility of arranging a deep-hole drill 4 in them. Drill 4 deep drilling has a channel 5 for the removal of lubricating coolant with chips, which is communicated on the one hand with the cutting zone 6, and on the other hand with the cavity 7 of the housing 1.

 The housing 1 has an outlet 8, in communication with the pipe 9, and an inlet 10 through a channel 11, made in the drill 4 deep drilling, with a source 12 of the supply of lubricating coolant.

 In order to ensure chip grinding in the cavity of the housing 1, the device is equipped with a hydraulic chip grinding system having at least one nozzle 13 installed in the housing 1 and in communication with the lubricating-cooling fluid high pressure source 14, autonomous from the lubricating-cooling supply 12 liquids. The axis of the nozzle 13 is located at an angle to the plane of the axis of the drill 4 deep drilling.

 The nozzle 13 is installed in the housing 1 with the possibility of directing a high-pressure jet of cutting fluid in the area of the outlet 8 at the exit of the chips from the cavity and for guiding it through the pipeline.

 The nozzle 13 in one of the options can be made with the possibility of adjusting the angle of inclination to the plane of the axis of the drill deep drilling. In FIG. 1 shows a variant of a rotary mounted nozzle 13, made in the form of a ball with a hole, fixed in the housing 1 by the nozzle 15. During installation rotation, the nozzle 13 is sent to the chip exit zone in the pipeline 9.

 In accordance with the technology of grinding chips in the cavity for draining the cutting fluid, the following operations are performed.

 Lubricating-cooling fluid is fed through the channel 11 inside the drill 4 into the processing area of the holes for deep vertical drilling. The chips are washed out of the cutting zone and the channel 5, which is a trough on the drill stem 4, is fed into the cavity 7 of the housing 1. In the cavity 7, the chips are crushed by at least one high-pressure jet of cutting fluid supplied through the nozzle 13 from an autonomous source 14 of high pressure. Give the chip additional kinetic energy, as well as the action of the high-pressure jet of lubricating coolant, deform the chip, and change its geometric dimensions, and thereby prevent the formation of tangles and mash at the outlet from the cavity 7 and the entrance to the pipeline 9. The crushed chips are directed by the total flow lubricating -cooling fluid in the collection tank 16. The total flow is formed due to the effect of lubricating-cooling fluid on the chips from sources 12 and 14. The jets operating at different angles do not allow the coils of the chips to adhere, break them into pieces and “push” them out of the cavity 7 through the outlet 8 into the pipeline. The greatest effect can be obtained by exposing the chips to high-pressure jets of a lubricant-cooling fluid directed from different sides into the area of the outlet 8 of the cavity 7 for draining the lubricant-cooling fluid with crushed chips.

 The invention meets the criteria of the invention of "industrial applicability", since it is feasible using known means of production using existing technologies.

 The use of a hydraulic system for grinding chips during vertical deep hole drilling, irrespective of the state of the chip and fluid parameters, eliminates the formation of tangles clogging the pipe, gives the chip additional energy necessary for grinding and transporting the chip through the pipe, regardless of its length.

Claims (5)

 1. The method of grinding chips at the outlet of the deep drilling zone, including the supply of chips generated during the cutting process, the flow of cutting fluid through the drill deep drilling in the cavity for removal of cutting fluid, grinding chips in the specified cavity by the action of a single jet of high pressure lubricating -cooling fluid, communication with the chip of additional kinetic energy, deformation of the chip under the influence of the aforementioned high-pressure jet of a cutting fluid with a change by varying its geometrical dimensions and the direction of the crushed chips with the total flow of cutting fluid into the collection tank, characterized in that the chip is supplied with additional kinetic energy under the influence of at least one additional high-pressure jet of cutting fluid directed from the opposite side relative to the first high-pressure jet into the zone of the outlet opening of the cavity for draining the cutting fluid.  2. A device for grinding chips at the outlet of the deep drilling zone, comprising a housing designed to accommodate a deep hole drill with a channel for lubricating coolant with chips and having an outlet in communication with the pipeline, and means for grinding chips, characterized in that the grinding means the chips are made in the form of a hydraulic system having at least one nozzle mounted in the housing and in communication with a lubricant-coolant high pressure source, at The nozzle axis is at an angle to the axis of the deep hole drill.  3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the nozzle is installed in the housing with the possibility of directing a high-pressure jet of cutting fluid in the area of the outlet for guiding the chips through the pipeline.  4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the nozzle is configured to adjust the angle of inclination to the axis of the drill deep drilling.  5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional nozzle designed to give the chip additional kinetic energy and directed from the opposite side relative to the first nozzle in the area of the outlet of the housing.

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