RU214794U1 - SHEETER FOR MULTI-LEVEL SOWING OF SEEDS AND FERTILIZERS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to the coulters of seeders. The technical result of the utility model is to improve the quality of covering the sown seeds with a layer of soil of the required depth. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that right-handed and left-handed harrows, the rear ends of the working part of which are deflected towards the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the opener and protrude beyond the outlet of the seed tube against the direction of movement. Coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers, including a lancet share, between the wings of which parallel to its cutting edges there is a plate in the form of an isosceles triangle with grooves for the passage of fertilizers and seeds, an expander for dividing the flow of fertilizers, a hollow stand with a knife attached in the front part, mounted above the front groove of the plate with an expander, the seed pipe installed above the rear groove of the plate, the soil deepeners in the form of a tetrahedron, the C-shaped leveler installed under the plate in front of the seed pipe, and are threaded to the bracket of the hollow rack with their L-shaped racks, with the possibility of rearrangement in height by combining the corresponding holes, right-handed and left-handed harrows, the rear ends of the working part of which are deflected towards the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the coulter and protrude beyond the outlet of the seed tube against the direction of movement.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to the coulters of seeders.

Known opener [Author's certificate RU patent No. 91798, IPC class. А01С 7/20, 2010], including a stand, to the base of which an lancet paw is attached, a seed tube. The seed duct is rigidly connected to the resistant lancet paw and is made in the form of a hollow pipe, gradually tapering towards the outlet, and in the lower part the seed duct is equipped with a conformable bracket, the ends of which are directed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the opener paw, and in cross section the seed duct has the shape of a circle .

However, the known device has a number of disadvantages, which include:

clogging of the seed pipe outlet with soil and plant residues;

the entry of dry soil into the seed furrow of cultivated plants, as a result of which the conditions for the seeds deteriorate;

the impossibility of sowing seeds and fertilizers at different depths in different vertical planes;

poor-quality covering of the sown seeds with a layer of soil of the required depth.

The closest analogue to the claimed is a coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers [Author's certificate RU patent No. 211065, IPC class. А01С 7/20, 2022], including a rack, a lancet paw, a seed duct, characterized in that along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the lancet paw in its front part, a knife is installed in front of the rack, the front edge of which is pointed, between the wings of the lancet paw, a plate is installed parallel to its cutting edges in the form of an isosceles triangle, the apex of which is directed towards the direction of movement of the lancet paw, and the sides are rigidly fixed with the inner sides of the wings of the lancet paw, at the top and at the base of the plate in the form of an isosceles triangle along its longitudinal axis of symmetry, horizontal grooves are made, above the horizontal groove located at the top of the plate in the form of an isosceles triangle, a trapezoid-shaped expander is installed, the stand is hollow and installed above the expander, the seed tube is installed vertically along the axis of symmetry of the lancet paw above the horizontal groove located at the base of the plate, and on the back side of the lower part with A vertical groove is made on both sides of the horizontal axis of symmetry of the coulter, symmetrically under the lancet share, soil deepeners in the form of a tetrahedron are installed and sharp edges are directed towards the direction of movement of the coulter, a fertilizer flow divider is installed coaxially with the tine along its vertical axis of symmetry in the undershape space of the lancet share, the sides of which have a concave shape, in the lower part of each subsoiler an outlet is made and directed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the coulter, a C-shaped leveler is installed under the seed tube and is rigidly fixed to the lower part of the plate in the form of an isosceles triangle and the inner sides of the wings of the lancet paw , and the concave side of the screed is turned towards the direction of movement of the coulter, and the lower part of the screed is deflected in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the coulter.

The disadvantage of this design is the low-quality closure of the sown seeds with a layer of soil of the required depth. The hollow stand and the outer surface of the seed tube throw off part of the soil moving along the surface of the wings of the lancet paw and the plate in the form of an isosceles triangle, forming an open bed on which the seeds from the seed tube are laid. At the same time, there is no device for covering the sown seeds with a layer of soil of the required depth in the design of the prototype, which reduces the quality of work.

The technical result of the utility model is to improve the quality of covering the sown seeds with a layer of soil of the required depth.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that right-handed and left-handed harrows, the rear ends of the working part of which are deflected towards the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the coulter and protrude beyond the outlet of the seed tube against the direction of movement.

The specified set of essential features ensures the appearance of the inventive coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers of new properties that are different from the prototype.

Thus, the claimed features of the utility model meet the criterion of "novelty".

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers, side view, in Fig. 2 section A-A in Fig. 1 in FIG. 3 - scheme of the coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers, top view.

A coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers, including an lancet share 1, between the wings of which a plate 11 is installed parallel to its cutting edges in the form of an isosceles triangle with grooves 13, 10 for the passage of fertilizers and seeds, an expander 14 for dividing the flow of fertilizers, a hollow rack 3 with an attached in the front part with a knife 2, installed above the front groove 13 of the plate 11 with an extension 14, the seed tube 4, installed above the back groove 10 of the plate 11, the soil deepeners 12, 15 in the form of a tetrahedron, the C-shaped leveler 18, installed under the plate 11 in front of the seed tube 4 , and to the bracket 8 of the hollow rack 3 by a threaded connection 7 are attached with their L-shaped racks 5, 17, with the possibility of rearrangement in height by combining the corresponding holes 6, right-handed and left-handed harrows 9, 16, the rear ends of the working part of which are deflected towards the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the vomer and protrude beyond the outlet of the seed water 4 against the direction of travel.

Coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers works as follows. The coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers is preliminarily installed on the frame of a grain or tilled seeder at a given row spacing. By moving the rack 3 up and down in the seeder bracket, the required stroke depth of the lancet share 1 is set.

When the seeder moves, the lancet share 1 loosens the topsoil and cuts weeds. Knife 2 additionally crushes the layer of soil raised by the lancet paw 1, and excludes soil loading in front of the stand 3. Fertilizers are sown by the seeding machine of the seeder (not shown in the figures) and are directed through fertilizer lines into the internal cavity of the stand 3. The soil deepeners 12, 15 are in the form of a tetrahedron, with sharp edges, grooves are formed under the lancet paw 1 and fertilizers are placed in them to the required depth.

The C-shaped leveler 18 shifts the soil from the extreme points of the wings of the lancet paw 1 to its longitudinal axis of symmetry, thereby filling the grooves with fertilizers, and also forms a compacted bed for laying seeds.

Seeds are sown by sowing machines of the seeder (not shown in the figures), from which they enter the seed tube 4 and through the groove 10 of the plate 11 and the vertical groove of the seed tube 4 fall on the wet compacted bed formed by the lancet paw 1 and the leveler 18. The layer of soil descending over the wings of the lancet paws 1, moves along the plate 11 in the form of an isosceles triangle and is partially discarded by the hollow stand and the outer surface of the seed tube to the right and left, forming side swaths.

The left 9 and right 16 harrows, installed at the appropriate height by means of a threaded mechanism for attaching their L-shaped racks to the bracket 8, move the soil from the side rolls to a compacted bed with sown seeds, qualitatively covering the seeds with a layer of soil of the required depth.

Thus, the claimed technical result is achieved.

Sources of information

1 Copyright certificate RU No. 91798, IPC class. А01С 7/20, 2010.

2. Copyright certificate RU No. 211065, IPC class. А01С 7/20, 2022.

Claims (1)

Coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers, including a lancet share, between the wings of which parallel to its cutting edges there is a plate in the form of an isosceles triangle with grooves for the passage of fertilizers and seeds, an expander for dividing the flow of fertilizers, a hollow stand with a knife attached in the front part, mounted above the front groove of the plate with an expander, the seed pipe installed above the rear groove of the plate, the soil deepeners in the form of a tetrahedron, the C-shaped leveler installed under the plate in front of the seed pipe, characterized in that they are threadedly attached to the hollow rack bracket with their L-shaped racks, with the possibility permutations in height by combining the corresponding holes, right-handed and left-handed harrows, the rear ends of the working part of which are deflected towards the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the coulter and protrude beyond the outlet of the seed tube against the direction of movement.

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