RU2146677C1 - Physical form of (r)-7-acetyl-5-(4-aminophenyl)-8,9-dihydro- -8-methyl-7h-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-h]-[2,3]-benzodiazepine, method of its synthesis and pharmaceutical composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: organic chemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to physical form of (R)-7-acetyl-5-(4-aminophenyl)-8,9-dihydro- -8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-h]-[2,3]-benzodiazepine exhibiting powder roentgenogram eliciting d parameters at 10.61; 8.83; 6.78; 5.83; 4.13 and 3.78

Description

 The invention relates to a new physical form of derivatives of dihydro-2,3-benzodiazepine, useful as a pharmaceutical in the treatment of disorders of the nervous system.

 European Patent Application Publication No. EP-A1-0492485 discloses a compound 1- (4-aminophenyl) -3-acetyl-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-3,4-dihydro-5H-2,3-benzidiazepine. This compound is a strong and selective antagonist of the excitatory amino acid AMPA receptor and is believed to have the ability to treat diverse neurological disorders. (P) The enantiomer of this compound, hereinafter referred to as (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] Benzodiazepine is the most powerful enantiomer.

Оно предoставляет также процесс получения данной формы, фармацевтические композиции, содержащие ее, и методы ее использования.The present invention provides the physical form of (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine having a powder x-ray with d parameters at 10.61, 8.83, 6.78, 5.83, 4.13 and 3.74

It also provides a process for preparing a given form, pharmaceutical compositions containing it, and methods for using it.

 It was found that (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine is polymorphic.

Данная физическая форма называется здесь ниже как форма I. Она получается с помощью восстановления (R)-7-ацетил-8,9-дигидро-8-метил-5-(4-нитрофенил)-7H-1,3-диоксоло[4,5-h] [2,3]бензодиазепина в этаноле с использованием водорода и палладия на угле в качестве катализатора, затем удаления катализатора путем фильтрования, выпаривания этанола, нагревания остатка в 5,7 г объемах 1:1 смеси воды и этанола в условиях дефлегмации и затем оставления полученного в результате раствора для охлаждения.The first physical form of (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine, it was found to have a melting point of about 168 - 172 ^o C and a powder x-ray with characteristic d parameters at 6.57 and 5.24

This physical form is hereinafter referred to as Form I. It is obtained by reduction of (R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -7H-1,3-dioxolo [4 , 5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine in ethanol using hydrogen and palladium-carbon as a catalyst, then removing the catalyst by filtering, evaporating ethanol, heating the residue in 5.7 g volumes of a 1: 1 mixture of water and ethanol under conditions refluxing and then leaving the resulting solution to cool.

Модификация процесса, используемого для получения формы II с помощью использования формиата калия и палладия на угле вместо формиата аммония и палладия на угле, на удивление дала еще одну физическую форму, называемую здесь ниже формой III. Таким образом, форма III была получена с помощью восстановления (R)-7-ацетил-8,9-дигидро-8-метил-5-(4-нитрофенил)-7H-1,3-диоксоло[4,5-h] [2,3] бензодиазепина в этаноле с использованием формиата калия и палладия на угле в качестве катализатора, затем удаления катализатора фильтрованием, выпаривания этанола, нагревания остатка в 6 объемах смеси 1:1 воды и этанола в условиях дефлегмации и оставления полученного в результате раствора для охлаждения. Было найдено, что форма III имеет порошковую рентгенограмму с характерными d параметрами при 10.61, 8.83, 6.78, 5.83, 4.13 и 3.74

Данная физическая форма представляется в качестве одного из аспектов настоящего изобретения.Quite surprisingly, the modification of the process used to obtain Form I, using ammonium formate and palladium on carbon instead of hydrogen and palladium on coal, gave a new physical form (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8.9- dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine, hereinafter referred to as form II. Thus, Form II was obtained by reduction of (R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine in ethanol using ammonium formate and palladium-carbon as a catalyst, then removing the catalyst by filtering, evaporating ethanol, heating the residue in 6 volumes of a 1: 1 mixture of water and ethanol under reflux and leaving the resulting solution for cooling. It was found that form II has a powder x-ray with characteristic d parameters at 13.12 and 5.01

Modification of the process used to obtain Form II by using potassium and palladium formate on charcoal instead of ammonium formate and palladium on charcoal surprisingly gave another physical form, hereinafter referred to as form III below. Thus, Form III was obtained by reduction of (R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine in ethanol using potassium formate and palladium on charcoal as a catalyst, then removing the catalyst by filtration, evaporating ethanol, heating the residue in 6 volumes of a 1: 1 mixture of water and ethanol under reflux and leaving the resulting solution for cooling. It was found that form III has a powder x-ray with characteristic d parameters at 10.61, 8.83, 6.78, 5.83, 4.13 and 3.74

This physical form is presented as one aspect of the present invention.

Данная физическая форма является предметом находящейся одновременно на рассмотрении патентной заявки (ссылочный N X-9386D).Surprisingly, another physical form was also found, referred to below as form IV. It was initially noticed that this form is formed after the form II is heated. Subsequently, it was found that Form IV can be obtained directly by modifying the process used to obtain Form III, in particular by increasing the volumetric ratio of water / ethanol used in the crystallization step. Thus, Form IV was obtained by reducing (R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) - 7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2 , 3] benzodiazepine in ethanol using potassium formate and palladium-carbon as a catalyst, then removing the catalyst by filtration, evaporating ethanol, heating the residue in 8 volumes of a 5: 3 water / ethanol mixture or in 7 volumes of a 4: 3 water / mixture ethanol under reflux conditions, with the optional use of seed crystals of form IV at 70 - 80 ^o C and leaving the resulting mixture for cooling. It was found that form IV has a powder x-ray with characteristic d parameters at 12.78, 9.48, 8.99, 8.64, 8.23, 6.39, 6.27, 5.73, 4.01 and 3.96

This physical form is the subject of a pending patent application (reference N X-9386D).

Форма V показывает множественные фазовые переходы, когда подвергается дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии.Form I was found to have several adverse properties. In particular, it was found that it crystallizes in the form of a thick suspension, which is difficult to mix and transport. It was found that the filtration time was unacceptably long for large-scale production, and the drying time of the filtered wet cake was also long. In addition, it was found that Form I is thermally unstable and was found to be converted to Form IV or occasionally to another physical form, hereinafter referred to as Form V. It was found that Form V has a powder X-ray diffraction pattern with characteristics d of parameters 6.12, 5.94 and 5.48

Form V shows multiple phase transitions when subjected to differential scanning calorimetry.

 It was found that Form II crystallizes out as a stirred suspension, which can be freely filtered. However, it was found that it dries slowly and retains a crystallization solvent. It was found that, like Form I, it is thermally unstable with respect to conversion to Form IV.

 Form III was found to crystallize as a stirrable suspension that can be freely filtered and dried. It was also found that it is thermally stable.

 Form IV has also been found to crystallize as a stirred suspension that can be freely filtered and dried. Like Form III, as was found, it is also thermally stable.

Each of Forms I, II, III, IV, and V was characterized by X-ray diffraction, ¹³ C solid state NMR spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The techniques and physical characteristics used for the samples of each form are given below together (only for forms III and IV) with the general intervals obtained by differential scanning calorimetry using a number of different samples.

X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were obtained on a Siemens D5000 X-ray diffractometer equipped with a CuKa (λ = 1.54056A) source operating at a capillary load of 50 Kw and 40 mA. Data was collected using a Kevex solid state detector. Each sample was scanned between 4 and 35 ^o 2θ with a step size of 0.03 ^o C and a maximum scanning speed of 2 s / stage.

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were performed on a Seiko differential scanning calorimeter. Samples (2-5 mg), sealed in aluminum cups, were heated from ambient temperature (25 ^o C) to at least 200 ^o C at a rate of 10 ^o C / min.

¹³ C NMR spectra of transverse polarization / rotation at a magic angle (CP / MAS) were obtained using a Varian Unity 400 MHz spectrometer operating at a carbon frequency of 100.577 MHz and equipped with an auxiliary set of solids and a Varian probe with a 5 or 7 mm CP / MAS UT . Typical measurement conditions were as follows: 90 (degrees) proton rf pulsation 5.0 ms, contact time 1 - 2 ms, pulse repetition time 5 s, MAS frequency 7 kHz, spectral width 50 kHz and acquisition time 50 ms. Chemical shifts were assigned to the CH ₃ group of hexamethylbenzene (delta = 17.3 ppm) when the sample was replaced.

Form I
DSC: Main endotherm at 171.5 ^o C, secondary endotherm at 207.4 ^o C.

) - Относительная интенсивность
17.30 - 100
12.28 - 34
7.76 - 71
6.57 - 37
5.24 - 35
4.81 - 94
4.34 - 30
4.21 - 29
4.09 - 19
3.98 - 14
3.62 - 18
2.85 - 12
Форма II
DSC: Эндотерма при 85.2^oC, экзотерма при 91.4^oC, эндотерма при 192.3^oC
XRD: Параметры, d

- Относительная интенсивность
13.12 - 100
9.72 - 23
6.73 - 37
6.61 - 60
5.25 - 28
5.01 - 94
4.89 - 70
4.75 - 41
4.24 - 28
3.74 - 25
Форма III
DSC: Эндотерма для данного образца при 194.7^oC. Другие образцы, как было найдено, показывают эндотерму при температуре в интервале от 192 до 195^oC.XRD: Parameters, d (

) - Relative intensity
17.30 - 100
12.28 - 34
7.76 - 71
6.57 - 37
5.24 - 35
4.81 - 94
4.34 - 30
4.21 - 29
4.09 - 19
3.98 - 14
3.62 - 18
2.85 - 12
Form II
DSC: Endotherm at 85.2 ^o C, exotherm at 91.4 ^o C, endotherm at 192.3 ^o C
XRD: Parameters, d

- relative intensity
12/13 - 100
9.72 - 23
6.73 - 37
6.61 - 60
5.25 - 28
5.01 - 94
4.89 - 70
4.75 - 41
4.24 - 28
3.74 - 25
Form III
DSC: Endotherm for a given sample at 194.7 ^o C. Other samples were found to show an endotherm at a temperature in the range of 192 to 195 ^o C.

- Относительная интенсивность
10.61 - 78
8.83 - 73
8.33 - 15
7.85 - 9
6.78 - 100
5.83 - 17
5.68 - 6
5.31 - 25
5.11 - 68
4.94 - 62
4.78 - 20
4.55 - 5
4.41 - 25
4.13 - 71
4.07 - 19
3.90 - 24
3.74 - 40
3.53 - 16
3.42 - 18
3.37 - 26
3.28 - 11
3.21 - 30
3.02 - 5
2.85 - 7
2.78 - 6
Форма IV
DSC: Эндотерма данного образца при 203.2^oC. Найдено было, что другие показывают эндотерму при температуре в интервале от 201 до 207^oC.XRD: Parameters, d

- relative intensity
10.61 - 78
8.83 - 73
8.33 - 15
7.85 - 9
6.78 - 100
5.83 - 17
5.68 - 6
5.31 - 25
5.11 - 68
4.94 - 62
4.78 - 20
4.55 - 5
4.41 - 25
4.13 - 71
4.07 - 19
3.90 - 24
3.74 - 40
3.53 - 16
3.42 - 18
3.37 - 26
3.28 - 11
3.21 - 30
3.02 - 5
2.85 - 7
2.78 - 6
Form IV
DSC: The endotherm of this sample at 203.2 ^o C. It was found that others show the endotherm at a temperature in the range from 201 to 207 ^o C.

- Относительная интенсивность
12.78 - 100
9.48 - 29
8.99 - 17
8.64 - 23
8.23 - 59
6.53 - 58
6.39 - 13
6.27 - 20
5.73 - 33
5.37 - 44
5.22 - 14
5.18 - 11
5.10 - 15
4.95 - 32
4.89 - 61
4.75 - 12
4.56 - 10
4.41 - 29
4.32 - 20
4.01 - 53
3.96 - 35
3.77 - 22
3.59 - 31
3.39 - 15
3.11 - 19
Форма V
DSC: Эндотерма при 170.6^oC, экзотерма при 177.3^oC, эндотерма при 206.2^oC.XRD: Parameters, d

- relative intensity
12.78 - 100
9.48 - 29
8.99 - 17
8.64 - 23
8.23 - 59
6.53 - 58
6.39 - 13
6.27 - 20
5.73 - 33
5.37 - 44
5.22 - 14
5.18 - 11
5.10 - 15
4.95 - 32
4.89 - 61
4.75 - 12
4.56 - 10
4.41 - 29
4.32 - 20
4.01 - 53
3.96 - 35
3.77 - 22
3.59 - 31
3.39 - 15
3.11 - 19
Form V
DSC: Endotherm at 170.6 ^o C, exotherm at 177.3 ^o C, endotherm at 206.2 ^o C.

- Относительная интенсивность
17.37 - 51
12.29 - 21
7.75 - 29
6.79 - 32
6.12 - 13
5.94 - 14
5.48 - 15
5.34 - 24
4.89 - 82
4.33 - 100
4.26 - 50
4.08 - 34
4.02 - 20
3.65 - 21
2.86 - 13
Данные химических сдвигов ¹³C ЯМР в растворе и в твердом состоянии (формы I-V) приведены в табл. 1.XRD: Parameters, d

- relative intensity
17.37 - 51
12.29 - 21
7.75 - 29
6.79 - 32
6.12 - 13
5.94 - 14
5.48 - 15
5.34 - 24
4.89 - 82
4.33 - 100
4.26 - 50
4.08 - 34
4.02 - 20
3.65 - 21
2.86 - 13
The data of chemical shifts ¹³ C NMR in solution and in the solid state (form IV) are given in table. 1.

в которой MS представляет метансульфонил, R - метил, X - ацетил и арил представляет п-нитрофенил, с каустической содой с получением соединения формулы I

в которой R - метил, X - ацетил, и арил - п-нитрофенил,
b) восстановление п-нитрофенильной группы в соединении формулы I в анилиновую группу с использованием формиата калия в присутствии палладия на активированном угле в качестве катализатора с получением соединения формулы I, в которой арил представляет п-аминофенил, и
c) кристаллизацию соединения формулы I, в которой арил представляет п-аминофенил, из смеси воды и этанола, в которой число объемов воды на объем этанола составляет менее чем 1,1 - 1,0.In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing Form III, which comprises:
a) the interaction of the compounds of formula

in which MS is methanesulfonyl, R is methyl, X is acetyl and aryl is p-nitrophenyl with caustic soda to give a compound of formula I

in which R is methyl, X is acetyl, and aryl is p-nitrophenyl,
b) reducing the p-nitrophenyl group in the compound of formula I to an aniline group using potassium formate in the presence of palladium on activated carbon as a catalyst to obtain a compound of formula I in which aryl is p-aminophenyl, and
c) crystallization of a compound of formula I in which aryl is p-aminophenyl from a mixture of water and ethanol, in which the number of volumes of water per volume of ethanol is less than 1.1 to 1.0.

 If seed form III is used, a higher volumetric ratio of water to ethanol can be used in step (c).

Step (a) of this process is conveniently carried out at a temperature in the range of 0 to 100 ^° C. Suitable solvents include alkanols, such as methanol or ethanol, and ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran.

в которой R представляет метил,
b) асимметрическое восстановление соединения формулы II с получением соединения, имеющего формулу

c) взаимодействие соединения формулы III с п-нитробензальдегидом с получением изоманового соединения, имеющего формулу

d) взаимодействие соединения формулы IV с окисляющим агентом с получением соединения формулы

e) взаимодействие соединения формулы V с уксусным гидразидом с получением соединения формулы

и f) взаимодействие соединения формулы VI с метансульфонилхлоридом и третичным амином с образованием соединения формулы VII.The compound of general formula VII can be obtained using a multi-stage process based on a methylenedioxyphenylketone derivative. This process includes:
a) providing an amount of a compound of the formula

in which R represents methyl,
b) asymmetric reduction of the compounds of formula II to obtain the compounds having the formula

c) reacting a compound of formula III with p-nitrobenzaldehyde to obtain an isomanic compound having the formula

d) reacting a compound of formula IV with an oxidizing agent to obtain a compound of formula

e) reacting a compound of formula V with acetic hydrazide to give a compound of formula

and f) reacting a compound of formula VI with methanesulfonyl chloride and a tertiary amine to form a compound of formula VII.

 A preferred process includes, at an early stage, chiral reduction of the ketone to alcohol. In a multi-stage process, substituents are added to close the benzene condensed pyran ring before the hydrazine reagent is introduced to open the ring and add the necessary nitrogen components. Finally, the secondary ring closes when a strong base is added, and this compound is restored and the desired compound is formed.

 Most preferably, the initial step in the synthesis of compounds of formula I from ketones is a chiral reduction step. Chiral reduction can be carried out using special chemicals or preferably using biological agents described below. The establishment of stereochemistry at an early stage in this process is favorable and allows the later stages to be carried out on relatively enantiomerically pure material. This increases both productivity and enantiomeric purity.

 The first step in this process involves the chiral reduction of 3,4-methylenedioxyphenylacetone to give the virtually enantiomerically pure alcohol derivative of 1,2-methylenedioxybenzene. Preferably, the resulting enantiomer is S or the (+) stereoisomer of alcohol.

 Alternatively, the initial step may include a combination of a 1,2-methylenedioxybenzene halide derivative with an enantiomerically enriched epoxide. This also results in a highly enantiomeric enriched alcohol derivative of 1,2-methylenedioxybenzene.

 The material used to conduct chiral reduction in the initial stage can be either chemical or preferably biological. In the case of biological agents, the preferred agents are reducing enzymes, with yeast from the Zygosaccharomyces group being the most preferred. Other biological agents that may be used include Pichia fermentans, Endomycopsis fibuligera, Nematospora coryli, Saccharomyces sp. , Candida famata, Saccharomyces pastorianus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces uvarum, Candida utilis, Saccharomyces globosus, Kluyveromyces dobzhansk, Kluyveromyces lactis, Candida albicans, bakers yeast, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Aureobasidium pullulans, Mortierella isabellina, Rhizopus oryzae, Kloeckeva javanica, Hanseniaspora valbyensis, Octosporomyces octospori, Candida guilliermondi; Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Torulopsis taboadae, Torulopsis ethanolitolerans, Torulopsis ptarmiganii, Torulopsis sonorensis, Trigonopsis variabilis, Torulopsis enokii, Torulopsis methanothermo, SAF instant yeast, inact. ashland, Candida boidinii, Candida blankii and Red Star yeast.

 The desired intermediate formed in the initial step is an alcohol substituted 1,2-methylenedioxybenzene derivative, with (S) -alpha-methyl-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ethanol being the most preferred derivative.

 The desired intermediate compound formed in the initial step is then subjected to a Pictet-Spengler reaction, which involves convergent fusion or condensation of the benzodiazepine carbohydrate moieties. The preferred reagent is p-nitrobenzaldehyde, although other reagents known to those skilled in the art, such as acetals, may also be used. The preferred compounds are dihydrobenzopyranes, with 7.8-dihydro-7-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -5H-1,3-dioxolo-benzo [b] pyran being the most preferred compound.

Предпочтительные окисляющие агенты включают перманганат калия, DDQ(2,3-дихлор-5,6-дициано-1,4-бензохинон) или другие, причем самым предпочтительным агентом является гидроокись натрия и сочетание с воздухом.The dihydrobenzopyran derivative is then oxidized at the C-5 position, giving a hemicetal derivative of the general formula

Preferred oxidizing agents include potassium permanganate, DDQ (2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone) or others, with sodium hydroxide and a combination with air being the most preferred agent.

в которой R представляет CH₃, X - ацетил и арил - п-нитрофенил.The C-5 hemicetal is then reacted with acetic hydrazide in the presence of an acid to give a hydrazone intermediate. At this stage, the benzopyran ring is opened so that the hydrazine component is attached to the C5 carbon. The reaction is conveniently carried out in a reflux aromatic or protic solvent, while hydrazone has the general formula

in which R is CH ₃ , X is acetyl and aryl is p-nitrophenyl.

 The process can be summarized using the following schemes.

 In Scheme I (see end of description), the initial stage of the process involves the addition of biological agents, most preferably Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, to reduce the ketone to the desired alcohol. To prevent death of the body and to adsorb alcohol as soon as it is formed, a suitable amount of adsorbent resin, such as AD-7, XAD-7, HP2MCL (cross-linked polymethacrylates from Rom and Haas), and HP20 (polystyrene) can be added to the reaction mixture. ) or SP 207 (brominated polystyrene from Mitsubishi). Other similar resins may also be used.

 According to Scheme II (see the end of the description), the initial stage of the process involves the interaction of an aryl halide derivative, such as 4-bromo-1,2- (methylenedioxy) benzene, with an alkali metal hydrocarbon compound (preferred sec. Butyl lithium) and an enantiomerically pure epoxide. Alternatively, the aryl halide can be first converted to a Grignard reagent by reaction with magnesium, then reacted with enantiomerically pure epoxide in the presence of copper oxide (1) as a catalyst. Preferred is (S) - (-) - propylene oxide. In both Scheme I and Scheme II, the goal is to establish the stereochemistry of the C8 atom of the benzodiazepine ring atom as early as possible. According to observations, it was noted that both schemes achieve this goal, and enantiomerically enriched (its) alcohols with a purity of 98% are formed.

 It is known that (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine is AMPA receptor selective antagonist. Thus, according to another aspect, the present invention provides the use of form III for the manufacture of a medicament for blocking the AMPA receptor in mammals that require such treatment.

 It has been shown that a wide variety of physiological functions are affected by excessive or inappropriate stimulation of neurotransmission of excitatory amino acids. It is believed that (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine has the ability to treat a variety of neurological disorders in mammals associated with this condition, which include acute neurological disorders, such as cerebral insufficiency as a result of surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass and organ transplantation, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord injury, head injury, perinatal hypoxia, cardiac arrest and hypoglycemia other neuronal damage. It is believed that this compound has the ability to treat many chronic neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington’s chorea, aminotrophic lateral sclerosis, AIDS-related dementia, ocular lesions and retinopathy, and idiopathic or drug-induced Parkinson’s disease. The present invention also provides the use of Form II for the manufacture of medicines for the treatment of these disorders.

 It is believed that this compound has the ability to treat many other neurological disorders of mammals that are associated with glutamate dysfunction, such as muscle cramps, convulsions, migraines, urinary incontinence, psychosis, drug tolerance and rejection, anxiety or fear, vomiting, cerebral edema, chronic pain and tardive or delayed dyskinesia. This compound is also useful as an analgesic agent. Therefore, the present invention also provides the use of Form III for the manufacture of drugs for the treatment of these disorders.

 The term "effective amount" as used herein refers to an amount of form III that is capable of blocking the AMPA excitatory amino acid receptor. The specific dose of the compound that is to be administered according to this invention will of course be determined depending on the specific circumstances, including the prescribed compound, method of administration, the particular condition being treated, and similar factors. This form can be prescribed using a variety of methods, including oral, rectal, transdermal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular or intranasal methods. Alternatively, this form may be administered by continuous infusion. A typical daily dose contains from about 0.01 to 30 mg / kg of the active compound of this invention. Preferred daily doses are from about 0.05 to 24 mg / kg, more preferably from about 0.1 to 20 mg / kg.

 Form III is usually prescribed to patients in the form of pharmaceutical compositions. In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition that comprises Form III and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier.

 In the manufacture of the compositions of the present invention, the active ingredient is usually mixed with a carrier or diluted with a carrier, or introduced into the carrier, which may be in the form of a capsule, sachet, paper or other container. When the carrier serves as a diluent, it may be a solid, semi-solid or liquid material that acts as a carrier, excipient or medium for the active ingredient. The compositions may be in the form of, for example, tablets, pills, powders, elixirs, sachets, cachets, suspensions, aerosols, soft and hard gelatin capsules, and sterile packaged powders.

 Some examples of suitable carriers, excipients and diluents include lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, starches, gum (acacia), calcium phosphate, alginates, tragacanth, gelatin, calcium silicate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose, methyl cellulose, methylcellulose propylhydroxybenzoates, talc, magnesium stearate and mineral oil. Formulations may further include lubricants, wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, preservative or preservative agents, sweetening agents, or flavoring or flavoring agents. The compositions of the invention can be formulated so as to provide quick, delayed or delayed, or delayed release of the active ingredient after administration to a patient using procedures well known in the art.

 The compositions are preferably formulated in unit dosage forms, each dose containing from about 5 to 5000 mg, more preferably from about 25 to 3000 mg of the active ingredient. The most preferred unit dosage forms contain from about 100 to 2000 mg of the active ingredient. The term "unit dosage form" refers to a physically discrete unit suitable as a single dose for humans and other mammals, each unit containing a predetermined amount of active material, calculated so as to produce the desired therapeutic effect, in combination with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier. The following examples illustrate the invention.

Example 1
Synthesis of (S)-alpha-methyl-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ethanol
1 eq. 3,4-methylenedioxyphenylacetone, 0.45 eq. disodium phosphate, 0.03 equiv. phosphoric acid, 12.5 volumes of AD-7 resin and 5.8 volumes of water were mixed together and mixed for 15-60 minutes at 20-25 ^° C. 2.27 equiv. glucose and Z. rouxii ATCC 14462 is added in the amount of 1.5 g of cell paste per 1 g of ketone (i.e. 0.375 g / g on a dry basis). This mixture was diluted with water to 25 volumes, and then carefully mixed at 33 - 35 ^o C for 8 to 16 hours. The mixture was filtered through a 100 mesh stainless steel sieve (approximately 150 μm), and the resin that was retained by the sieve was washed 25 volumes of water divided into 4 separate portions. The product that was adsorbed on the resin was then stripped from the resin with 25 volumes of acetone. A solution of the product in acetone was then evaporated to dryness in vacuo to afford the title intermediate as a medium viscosity yellow oil. The yield on site was 97-100%, while the yield of the isolated product was 85-90%. Activity was 80-95% and EE - 100%.

Example 2
Synthesis of (5RS, 7S) -7,8-dihydro-7-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -5H-1,4-dioxolo- [4,5-G] [2] benzopyran
The above intermediate was dissolved in 4.64 volumes of toluene, filtered through hyphlo, and washed with 1.55 volumes of toluene. Added 1.05 equiv. p-nitrobenzaldehyde and 1.05 eq. concentrated hydrochloric acid, and the mixture was heated to 55-65 ^o C and stirred for 1 h. Then the solvent was replaced at 250 mm But, while toluene was replaced with 12.4 volumes of a mixture of 93% isopropanol / 7% water. The volume during this solvent change varies from 11 to 14 volumes, and the final volume was about 11 volumes. The mixture was cooled to 0-10 ^o C and stirred for 1 h. The needle-shaped crystals of the product were filtered off and washed 2 times with 1.85 volumes of isopropanol and dried under vacuum at 50-60 ^o C. The yield of the target compound was 95 +% , while the selected product is 87-93%. Activity was 99 +% and EE - 100%.

+ 117,2^o (c 1,0, CHCl₃), ТСХ R_f = 0,26 (50:50 гексан:эфир), ИК (CHCl₃) 3598, 3012, 2973, 2887, 1490, 1249, 1041 см^-1, ¹³C ЯМР (CDCl₃) d 147,75, 146,19, 132,26, 122,27, 109,68, 108,30, масс-спектр, m/z (FD, M⁺) 180.Example 3
Alternative synthesis of (S) alpha-methyl-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ethanol
3.47 g of 4 bromo-1,2- (methylenedioxy) benzene was dissolved in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran at -78 ^° C, then 13.9 ml of 1.3 M sec. Butyl lithium in cyclohexane was added to consume the aryl halide in less than 30 minutes. 1.00 g of () - (-) propylene oxide in 2 ml of THF was added via syringe and the solution was mixed for 45 minutes. The solution was then heated to 23 ^° C. for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into a 3 M solution of ammonium chloride, and the product was separated by extraction with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered through florisil and concentrated by rotary evaporation. The residual oil was purified by silica gel chromatography and eluted with a 50:50 mixture of hexane and diethyl ether to give 1.40 g (45%) of the title intermediate. P chem:

+ 117.2 ^o (s 1.0, CHCl ₃ ), TLC R _f = 0.26 (50:50 hexane: ether), IR (CHCl ₃ ) 3598, 3012, 2973, 2887, 1490, 1249, 1041 cm ^{-1, 13} C NMR (CDCl ₃₎ d 147.75, 146.19, 132.26, 122.27, 109.68, 108.30, mass spectrum, m / z (FD, M +) 180.

+55^o (c 0,4, CHCl₃).Analysis for C ₁₀ H ₁₂ O ₃
Calculated,%: C 66.65; H 6.71
Found,%: C 66.42; H 6.66
Example 4
Alternative synthesis of (5RS, 7S) -7,8-dihydro-7-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -5H-1,3-dioxolo- [4,5-G] [2] benzopyran
244 g of p-nitrobenzaldehyde was added to a solution of 300 g of the intermediate compound formed in the biocatalyzed reduction step of Example 1 in 4.45 L of toluene. 166.5 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise over a period of 15-20 minutes, and the resulting mixture was heated to 60 ^° C for 2.5 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated by rotary evaporation. 3 L of ethanol was added and the mixture was concentrated to a solid. Another 3 L portion of ethanol was added and the mixture was stirred for 1 h. The suspension was cooled overnight and the crystalline product was separated by filtration in vacuo. The filter cake was washed with ethanol and then dried in a vacuum oven at 40-60 ^o C, giving 450 g (86%) of an off-white solid, which, according to the definition, was an isomeric mixture of the above optically active intermediate substance. P chem:

+55 ^o (c 0.4, CHCl ₃ ).

Example 5
Synthesis of (5RS, 7S) -7,8-dihydro-7-methyl-5- (nitrophenyl) -5H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-G] [2] benzopyran-5-ol
350 g of the isomeric intermediate of Example 4 were added to a solution of 731 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide and 2923 ml of dimethylformamide. The mixture was cooled to 8-12 ^° C., and compressed air was passed through the mixture. 117.5 ml of 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide was added in one portion and the resulting mixture was stirred for 4.5 hours. The reaction mixture was added using a tube over 30-60 minutes to 8.25 L of stirred 1N hydrochloric acid solution at 10-15 ^o C. The resulting precipitate was filtered and washed with 3 l of water, and then subjected to air drying to constant weight (384 g). The wet cake was transferred to Example 6 without further drying. P chem: Data were recorded on a 3: 1 isomeric mixture. TLC R _f = 0.19 (75:25 hexane: ethyl acetate), IR (CHCl ₃ ) 3605, 3590, 3015, 3000, 2960, 2910, 1608, 1522, 1484, 1352, 1240, 1042 cm ^-1 .

¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ , 300 MHz) d (main isomer) 8.16 (d, 2H, J = 6.9 Hz), 7.73 (d, 2H, J = 6.9 Hz), 6, 55 (s, 1H), 6.38 (s, 1H) 5.86 (s, 1H), 5.83 (s, 1H), 4.38 (m, 1H), 2.70 (m, 2H), 1.39 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), d (minor isomer) 8.27 (d, 2H, J = 8.9 Hz), 7.90 ( d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz), 6.87 (s, 1H), 6.73 (s, 1H), 6.03 (s, 1H), 6.02 (s, 1H), 3.95 (m, 1H), 2.7 (vague, m, 2H), 1.24 (d, 3H, J = 6.71 Hz), mass spectrum, m / z ( FD, M ⁺ ) 329.

Analysis for C ₁₇ H ₁₅ NO ₆
Calculated,%: C 62.01; H 4.59; N, 4.25
Found,%: C 62.22; H 4.79; N, 4.29
Example 6
Synthesis of (S) -acetic acid - [[6- (2-hydroxypropyl) -1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl] (4-nitrophenyl) methylene] hydrazide
To 350 g of wet filter cake from Example 5 in 2300 ml of ethanol was added 94.5 g of acetic hydrazide and 1 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The resulting solution was heated to reflux for 2.5 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated to a yellow foam using rotary evaporation. The concentrate was dissolved in 4.9 L of ethyl acetate and washed with 1.5 L of saturated sodium bicarbonate, then 1.5 L of saline. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated, giving 373 g of a yellow foam (91%). This material was identified as a 1: 1 inseparable mixture of isomers of the title compound (97% pure, by HPLC). P chem: Data were recorded on a 1: 1 isomeric mixture. T. pl. 167.8-169.7 ^° C, TLC R _f = 0.55 (ethyl acetate), IR (CHCl ₃ ) 3590, 3485, 3310, 1694, 1673, 1520, 1485, 1346 cm ^-1 .

+103,8^o (c 1, CHCl₃), масс-спектр, m/z (FD, M⁺) 385. ¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ , 300 MHz) d 8.64, 8.50 (s, 1H ,, NH), 8.18 (d, 2H, Ar-H), 7.74, 7.71 ( d, 2H, J = 8, Ar-H), 6.99, 6.95 (s, 1H, Ar-H), 6.52, 6.50 (s, 1H, Ar-H), 6.06, 6.05 (d, 2H, J = 5, O ₂ CH ₂ ), 2.44 (s, 3H, CH ₃ ), 3.87 (m, 1H, CH), 2, 4-2.2 (m, 2H, CH ₂ ), 1.12, 1.10 (d, 3H, CH ₃ ). ¹³ C NMR (CDCl ₃ , 75 MHz) d 209.94 (C), 173.38, 173.43 (C), 149.38, 149.62 (C), 148.31, 148.58 (C) , 147.90, 148.18 (C), 147.54 (C), 142.5, 143.04 (C), 132.64 (C), 127.53, 127.61 (CH), 123, 75, 123.77 (CH), 122.86, 123.27 (C), 112.13 (CH), 110.55 (CH), 108.03, 108.10 (CH), 108.10 (CH ), 101.83 (CH ₂ ), 67.51, 68.08 (CH), 42.37, 42.97 (CH ₂ ), 23.48, 23.83 (CH ₃ ), 23.48, 23 83 (CH ₃ ), 20.47, 20.55 (CH ₃ ),

+ 103.8 ^o (c 1, CHCl ₃ ), mass spectrum, m / z (FD, M ⁺ ) 385.

Analysis for C ₁₉ H ₁₉ N ₃ O ₆
Calculated,%: C 59.22; H 4.97; N, 10.90
Found,%: C 58.99; H 5.04; N 10.68
Example 7
Synthesis of (S) -acetic acid - [[6- [2 - [(methylsulfonyl) oxo] propyl] - 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl] (4-nitrophenyl) methylene] hydrazide
340 g of the intermediate of Example 6 was dissolved in 2380 ml of methylene chloride. The solution was cooled to 0 - (-10 ^° C) and 187 ml of triethylamine was added. Then, 78.2 ml of methanesulfonyl chloride was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 15-30 minutes. 510 ml of water was added. The separated organic phase was washed with 460 ml of 1 N. hydrochloric acid solution, and then 500 ml of saline. The methylene chloride solution was heated to 35-45 ^° C, and 4760 ml of hexane was added over 90 minutes. The mixture was slowly cooled to room temperature and then cooled further to 0-5 ^° C. The product was separated by filtration and dried in a vacuum oven at 40-50 ^° C to give 356.2 g (87%) of the isomeric mixture of the title compound in the form of a solid. P chem: Data were recorded on a 3: 1 isomeric mixture. Mp 150.5-152.5 ^o C, TLC R _f = 0.80 and 0.73 (ethyl acetate), IR (CHCl ₃ ) 1696, 1520, 1486, 1346, 1175, 1041, 923 cm ^-1 , ¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ , 300 MHz) d 8.44 (s, 1H, NH), 8.20 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, Ar-H), 7.73 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz), 6.94 (d, 1H, J = 2.7 Hz, Ar-H), 6.57 (d, 1H, 2.6 Hz, Ar-H), 6.08 (d, J = 5.4 Hz), 4.77 (m, 1H, CH), 2.90 (s, 3H, SCH ₃ , main), 2.83 (s, 3H, SCH ₃ , minor), 2.66-2.57 (m, 2H, CH ₂ ), 1.30 (d, 3H, CH ₃ , minor), 1.26 (d, 3H, CH ₃ , main) mass spectrum, m / z (FD, M ⁺ ) 385.

Analysis for C ₂₀ H ₂₁ N ₃ O ₈ S
Calculated,%: C 51.83; H 4.57; N, 9.07; S 6.92
Found,%: C 52.05; H 4.53; N, 8.84; S 6.96
Example 8
Synthesis of (R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine
325 g of the intermediate of Example 7 was dissolved in 3174 ml of methanol. 38.1 ml of a 50% caustic soda solution was added to the stirred solution. The resulting mixture was stirred for 4 hours. 6348 ml of water was added to the mixture, and the contents were mixed for 3 hours, after which the resulting precipitate was separated by vacuum filtration. The material was dried in a vacuum oven at 45-55 ^o C, giving 255 g (97%) of the title compound, which was 97.6% pure by% HPLC region. 221 g of dried material was further purified by re-suspension in 1105 ml of ethanol, which was heated to reflux. The resulting mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the precipitate was separated by vacuum filtration. The isolate was dried in a vacuum oven at 45-55 ^o C, giving 199 g (90%) of the title compound, which was 100% pure, according to the analysis of the activity of HPLC.

Example 9
Synthesis of Form IV (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodimazepine
To 5 g of the intermediate of Example 8 in 50 ml of ethanol was added 0.5 g of 10% Pd / C moistened with water. The stirred suspension was treated with a solution of 4 g of potassium formate in 4 ml of water. The resulting mixture was stirred for 2.5 hours and then filtered over hyphlo. The filtrate was concentrated to 10-20 ml by distillation, and 22 ml of water was slowly added to warm (78 ^° C) the solution. The resulting mixture was heated to 90 ^o C, and then slowly cooled to room temperature. The product was separated by vacuum filtration and washed with 10-29 ml of water. The separated solid was dried in vacuo at 50 ^° C. to give 4.17 g (93%) of the title final compound which was 100% pure according to HPLC analysis.

-303,7^o (c = 1, метанол).

-303.7 ^o (c = 1, methanol).

 It was later found that the product, which was crystalline, turned out to be Form IV.

Example 10
Synthesis of (5RS, 7S) -7,8-dihydro-7-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -5H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-G] [2] benzopyran-5-ol.

15 g of the intermediate of Example 4 (obtained from the ketone reduction reaction using Z.rouxii) was dissolved in a solution of 75 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide and 75 ml of dimethylformamide. The solution was cooled to 7-9 ^o C, and then aerated with 40% oxygen in nitrogen. 7.62 g of 50% sodium hydroxide in water was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 4-5 hours. The reaction was interrupted and 120 ml of toluene was added while maintaining the temperature = 12 ^° C, followed by 45 ml and 10 ml of hydrochloric acid. The phases were separated and the organic layer was washed with 75 ml of a 10% aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate. The organic layer containing the title intermediate was transferred to the next step.

Example 11
Synthesis of (S) -acetic acid - [[6- (2-hydroxypropyl) -1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl] (4-nitrophenyl) methylene] hydrazide
To a toluene solution of the intermediate of Example 10, 4.26 g of acetic hydrazide and 0.01 volume of hydrochloric acid were added. The resulting mixture was heated to reflux for 3.5 hours with the removal of water using a Dean-Stark trap. The reaction mixture was concentrated by vacuum distillation to 1 volume. The concentrate was diluted with 105 ml of methylene chloride and washed with 50-55 ml of each of a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate and saline. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate (0.25 wt.%) And filtered through a hyphlo precipitate. The filter was rinsed with 1 volume of methylene chloride. The combined organic phase containing the title intermediate was transferred to the next step.

Example 12
Synthesis of (S) -acetic acid - [[6- [2 - [(methylsulfonyl) oxy] propyl] -1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl] (4-nitrophenyl) methylene] hydrazide
The methylene chloride solution containing the intermediate of Example 11 was cooled to 0 - (-5 ^° C) and 10 ml of triethylamine was added. 4.1 ml of methanesulfonyl chloride was slowly added to maintain the reaction temperature = 0 ^° C. 1.5 volumes of water were added to the resulting solution. The organic phase was separated and washed with 2.5 volumes of 1 N. hydrochloric acid solution. The organic phase was separated and concentrated to half the original volume by atmospheric distillation. The product was precipitated by adding dropwise heptane to the solution at 45 ^° C. (2: 1 volume of heptane to organic concentrate). The stirred mixture was cooled to 20-25 ^° C for 1 h, then cooled to 0 - (-5 ^° C) for 1-2 hours. The precipitate was separated by vacuum filtration and washed with 3 volumes of a 4: 1 mixture of heptane: methylene chloride. Then it was dried in a vacuum oven at 45-50 ^° C. 17.43 g of the title intermediate product (78%) were obtained as an optically active mixture of hydrazone isomers, which was 97.7% pure, according to the analysis of HPLC activity.

Example 13
Synthesis of (R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) - 7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine
17.5 g of the intermediate of Example 12 were suspended in 175 ml of ethyl alcohol. 1.7 g of powdered sodium hydroxide was added to the stirred mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred for 1 h. 88 ml of water was added to the mixture, and the contents were mixed for 1 h, after which the resulting precipitate was separated by vacuum filtration and washed with 175 ml of water. The material was dried in a vacuum oven at 70 ^° C. to give 12.2 g (86%) of the title compound, which was 99.9% pure, by HPLC activity analysis.

Example 14
(R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine
When using the product of example 13, the target compound was obtained using the experimental procedure, the same as that described in example 9.

Example 15
(R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine
1.05 g of (S) -acetic acid - [[6- [2- (hydroxy) propyl] -1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl] (4-nitrophenyl) methylene] hydrazide and 0.78 g of triphenylphosphine in 70 ml of tetrahydrofuran was cooled to 0 ^° C. 0.57 g of diethyl azodicarboxylate in 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise over 15 minutes. The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 hours, then warmed to room temperature for 2 hours. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel, and the solution was washed with 1N. HCl, water and saline. The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated by rotary evaporation. The residue was eluted through a silica gel column (1: 1 - ethyl acetate: hexane). Fractions containing the desired compound were concentrated to a yellow oil, which solidified upon standing. The yellow crystalline substance was suspended in 30 ml of methylene chloride and hexane (3: 7) at 0 ^° C. The precipitate was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated to a yellow foam. The residue was suspended in 10 ml of ethanol, which was heated to reflux, then slowly cooled to room temperature. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ^o C, giving 0.51 g (50%) of the title product (100% EE), which had a purity of 98.3%, according to the analysis of HPLC activity.

Example 16-18
0.5 ml of a suspension of frozen yeast containing the microorganism specified in the table. 2, was added to 50 ml of malt-yeast medium in a 250 ml flask. After shaking for 48 hours, 1.0 ml of culture is added to an additional 50 ml of medium and shaken for 48 hours. 3,4-methylenedioxyphenylacetone is added until the final concentration is 10 g / l, along with 1 ml of 10% glucose. The cultures are incubated and shaken for 24 hours, then analyzed by HPLC for the presence of the chiral alcohol intermediate of Example 1.

Example 19
Synthesis of Form I (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine
(R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine (38.93 g) was hydrogenated in 730 ml (19 volumes) of 2B-3 ethanol using 7.79 g of 10% palladium on charcoal and at 1 atm of hydrogen. When HPLC analysis showed that the starting material was consumed, the catalyst was removed by filtration and the filtrate was evaporated, giving 38.7 g of crude product. The crude product was dissolved in 220 ml (5.7 volumes) of a 1: 1 mixture of water: ethanol by heating to boiling. The mixture was allowed to cool, and the product precipitated at a temperature close to room temperature. The resulting thick, poorly mixed suspension was stirred at room temperature and then cooled in an ice-water bath. The solid was separated by filtration and dried in a vacuum oven at 55 ^° C. overnight to give 31.6 g of purified product. Another recrystallization using the same conditions gave 28.7 g (80%) of product after drying under vacuum for 3 days at 65 ^° C and 3 days at room temperature. The product was dried very slowly, and at that moment, there was still 1.6% ethanol in the sample. Analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid state NMR (NMR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicated that a polymorphic form I.

Example 20
Synthesis of Form 11 (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine
(R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine (8.63 g) was hydrogenated in 170 ml (19 volumes) of 2B-3 ethanol using 0.86 g of 10% palladium on charcoal and 4.59 g of ammonium carbonate in 5 ml of water as a source of hydrogen transfer. When HPLC analysis indicated that the starting material was consumed, the catalyst was removed by filtration and the filtrate was evaporated, giving 8.19 g of crude product. The crude product was dissolved in 50 ml (6.0 volumes) 1: 1 - water: ethanol when heated to boiling. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and then cooled in a bath of a mixture of ice and water. The solid was separated by filtration and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ^° C. overnight to give 7.41 g (93%) of the purified product. Large crystals contained 5.0% ethanol (GC) and 4.2% water (KG). Analysis using XRD, SS NMR and DSC indicated that a form II polymorph was formed.

Example 21
Synthesis of Form III (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine
(R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine (2.04 g) was hydrogenated in 20 ml (10 volumes) of 2B-3 ethanol using 0.20 g of 10% palladium on charcoal and 1.47 g of potassium formate in 4 ml of water as a source of hydrogen transfer. When HPLC analysis showed that the starting material was consumed, the catalyst was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was evaporated, giving 2.09 g of crude product. The crude product was dissolved in 12 ml (6.0 volumes) of a 1: 1 mixture of water: ethanol when heated to boiling. The mixture was allowed to cool and was seeded with crystals of Form II at about 40 ^° C. After reaching room temperature, the mixture was cooled in a bath of a mixture of ice and water. The solid was filtered off and dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ^° C. for 24 hours to give 1.45 g (77%) of the purified product. The analysis showed 0.05% ethanol (GC) and 0.75% water (KF). Despite the use of crystal seed of form II polymorph, analysis of XRD, SS NMR and DSC showed that form III polymorph was formed.

Example 22
Synthesis of Form IV (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine
(R) -7-acetyl-8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-5- (4-nitrophenyl) -7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] benzodiazepine (25.2 g) was hydrogenated in 250 ml (10 volumes) of 2B-3 ethanol using 2.0 g of 10% palladium on charcoal and 18.9 g of potassium formate in 20 ml of water as a source of hydrogen transfer. When HPLC analysis showed that the starting material was consumed, the catalyst was removed by filtration. The filtrate was concentrated by distillation until approximately 70 ml (3 volumes) of ethanol remained. Water was added to the solution during reflux (93 ml, 4 volumes). The mixture was allowed to cool and was seeded with the crystalline product of Example 9 at 80 ^° C. The resulting suspension was allowed to cool to room temperature and stirred overnight. The solid was filtered off and dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ^° C. for 24 hours to give 19.8 g (85%) of the purified product. The analysis showed undetectable levels of ethanol (GC) and 1.0% water (KF).

 Analysis of XRD, SS NMR and DSC indicated that form IV polymorph was formed.

Example 23
Alternative synthesis of (S) alpha-methyl-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ethanol
To a suspension of magnesium chips (17 g) in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise a solution of 5-bromo-1,3-benzodioxole (93.6 g). After complete addition, the mixture was diluted with 250 tetrahydrofuran, and the resulting mixture was stirred overnight. 13 ml of the solution (0.78 M) was transferred to a round bottom flask containing copper iodide (1) (0.12 g). The resulting mixture was cooled to -50 ^° C, and a solution of (S) - (-) - propylene oxide in 3 ml of tetrahydrofuran was slowly added, and then stirred for 10 minutes. The mixture was diluted with ether. The separated organic phase was washed with water and brine. The water washings were extracted with ether (2 x), and the combined organic solutions were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (50% ether in pentane) to give 1.66 g of the desired product (91%). Analysis of chiral HPLC showed that the optical purity of the substance was 98.3%.

Example 24
Pharmaceutical formulation:
active ingredient - 1; ten; 50; 100 mg
starch - respectively 444.5; 435.8; 396.2; 346.6 mg;
silicone fluid, respectively 4.49; 4.22; 3.84; 3.36 mg.

 The ingredients were mixed and filled into hard gelatin capsules of size 0 to a content weight of 450 mg.

Claims (2)

1. Physical form (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] - benzodiazepine having a powder x-ray with d parameters at 10.61, 8.83, 6.78, 5.83, 4.13 and 3.74

2. The method of obtaining the physical form of (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3 ] -benzodiazepine, as claimed in claim 1, which includes a) the interaction of the compounds of formula VII

in which MS is methanesulfonyl;
R is methyl;
X is acetyl and aryl-p-nitrophenyl,
with caustic soda to give a compound of formula I

in which R is methyl;
X is acetyl and aryl-p-nitrophenyl,
c) reducing the p-nitrophenyl group in the compound of formula I to an aniline group using potassium formate in the presence of palladium on activated carbon as a catalyst to obtain a compound of formula I in which Aryl-p-aminophenyl, and c) crystallization of the compound of formula I, in wherein Aryl-p-aminophenyl is a mixture of water and ethanol, in which the number of volumes of water per volume of ethanol is less than 1.1 - 1.0. 3. A pharmaceutical composition having the properties of a selective AMPA receptor antagonist, which comprises (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3 dioxolo- [4 , 5-h] [2,3] -benzodiazepine and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier, characterized in that it contains the physical form of the specified compound having a powder x-ray with d parameters at 10.61, 8.83, 6.78, 5 , 83, 4.13 and 3.74

4. Physical form (R) -7-acetyl-5- (4-aminophenyl) -8,9-dihydro-8-methyl-7H-1,3-dioxolo [4,5-h] [2,3] - benzodiazepine having a powder x-ray with d parameters at 10.61, 8.83, 6.78, 5.83, 4.13 and 3.74

according to claim 1, useful for the manufacture of medicines for use as an antagonist of the AMPA receptor.

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