RU214563U1 - Device for dry gravitational halo traction while sitting in a wheelchair - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, namely to traumatology and orthopedics in terms of devices intended for halo-traction therapy as a stage in the surgical treatment of spinal deformities, while the patient is sitting in a wheelchair. The technical result, to which the proposed technical solution is directed, is the possibility of universal safe use of the device for the majority of patients with spinal deformities of various etiologies. For this purpose, a device for dry gravitational halo-traction while sitting in a wheelchair is proposed, characterized in that it contains a U-shaped metal frame, made with the possibility of attaching to the wheelchair by means of shaped pipes, a shaped tube with a length of at least 25 cm, rigidly fixed in the center of the upper part of the frame perpendicular to it to the side, to the edge of which an anchor with a hook located down is successively fixed, two blocks of the block mechanism connected to each other by means of a rope, a metal damper connected by a rope to a halo ring, while the upper block of the block mechanism is made with the possibility of fastening by means of a rope and a carabiner to a latch rigidly fixed on one of the racks in its upper part. 1 w.p. f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, namely to traumatology and orthopedics in terms of devices intended for halo-traction therapy as a stage in the surgical treatment of spinal deformities, while the patient is sitting in a wheelchair.

State of the art

From the prior art there are various designs aimed at correcting the spine. For example:

- a device for stretching the spine, containing a base mounted on a frame with wheels, a fixed head section and a leg section movable along the base, a headrest, axillary stops fixed on the leg section, a pelvic belt and a loading mechanism connected by flexible traction through a block with the leg section, which differs the fact that in order to ensure smooth adjustment of the loading and increase its accuracy, the loading mechanism is made in the form of a two-arm lever mounted on the frame axis, one arm of which is connected to a flexible rod, and a load installed with the possibility of moving and fixing along the lever, equipped with risks, while the head and foot sections are spring-loaded with each other. RF patent No. 1793907.

- a device for the correction and treatment of the spine, for example, patent No. 2282431, including rigid elastically fixed inclined transverse ribs on flexible tapes, forming the main supporting surface with a lumbar support for patient placement, as well as support nodes for the head and legs, made in the form of a headrest and panels for the shins of the legs and each installed on its base with the possibility of spring-loaded movement away from the lumbar support. Moreover, both the headrest and the panel are installed with the help of struts forming a parallelogram mechanism, and elastic adjustable tape braces that set the traction force from the weight of the head and lower legs, respectively.

The method of skeletal traction for the bones of the skull is widely used for the treatment of the spine, further the method of halo traction.

Known designs of devices and methods for eliminating spinal deformities, for example, RF patent 2268702, a well-known method is performed using a device consisting of a support for the patient, a frame, a drive and elements of action on the spine in the form of a sacrum lock and a stop of the vertebrae. Moreover, the emphasis of the vertebrae is made in the form of a rod and plates, each with a bulge, hinged on the side of the bulge on the side surface of the rod. One free end of the rod is made with a recess for the tops of the spinous processes. Recesses are also made at one end of the plates, and the sacrum lock is made in the form of a rod, on one side having a swivel connection with the pressure lever fixation unit. On the other hand, the rod passes into a plate with a recess for the sacral crest. The disadvantages of the device are the fact that patients lie, do not sit like in a chair, and are limited in movement, pressed, inactive, while self-care during this procedure is disturbed, the table itself takes up a lot of space, pressure is also used in the above solution. on the apical vertebra, supposedly on the back elements and soft tissues of the back, while there is a risk of damage to the latter, while the use of this solution implies the constant presence of the attending physician, and adjustments before each traction procedure. Cervical traction devices are known, for example, the devices described in US Pat. head of the patient, support rods connecting the halo and the vest, and a spacer located between the halo and the belt, support rods for adjusting the supporting force applied to the halo. The listed solutions are used for injuries of the cervical spine (fractures, dislocations) of the craniovertebral or subaxial parts of the neck, they can also be used for spinal deformities, especially kyphosis, scoliosis, but the cervical spine with the transition to the thoracic, while the device must be assembled on the patient, can not be removed in case of damage, but we use the chair for spinal deformities at any level, which wastes staff time, while using these devices it is inconvenient to lie down and sleep.

A device is known according to Chinese patent No. CN 207898570, consisting of a halo connected by a traction rope with a device that generates traction (by securing the load). The disadvantages of the solution are the unreliability of the design in relation to the straps for the head and the use of the load, which increases both the inconvenience of the superstructure of the device and the risk of injury.

Also known:

devices of halo-gravitational traction

https://ptc.gatech.edu/modernizing-perioperative-halo%E2%80%90gravitv-traction-treatment-improve-outcomes-compliance-and-mobilitv where 1 seat frame and 1 standing frame are used;

Halo Traction Wheelchair

https://www.pediatricnursing.org/article/S0882-5963(03)00039-3/fulltext,

in this case, a load is used due to sandbags or pancakes, which in non-standard cases is difficult to drop in order to get out of the chair if the patient becomes difficult or ill.

Known technical solution, mentioned in the patents of the Russian Federation No. 2557893 and 2522957, which used a frame with fastening, while the tightness is carried out by means of a spring element. For the frame during sitting traction, rods were used, from which a U-shaped device was assembled, plates with wheels at the ends were used, another fishing line with a load of several kg was attached to the halo ring line, or the line of the halo ring itself had to be long in order to spread through the wheels of the plate. The disadvantages of this frame are that the plate was not adjustable, patients had to sit so that they were located in the middle of the front wheel of the plate, some could not lean against the back of the wheelchair if no load was used, they simply connected a spring to the plate, traction was given by lifting the bars P -shaped mechanism upwards, sliding along the metal tubes attached to the chair, while the bars were fixed with a lamb clamping bolt welded through a nut on the side surface of the tubes. Over time, the bolts were difficult to tighten, could loosen, which led to a decrease in the height of the U-shaped crossbar, sometimes this happened loudly and abruptly, because. the spring was strongly pulled, which frightened the patients. In addition, it was more convenient to lift this crossbar together, synchronously, in order to fix traction with one hand, and tighten the bolt with the other. One could also pull, but the pull was given asymmetrically, then from one side, then from the other in several stages.

The proposed frame - U-shaped device is devoid of the shortcomings of both the prototype and known solutions.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is a significant simplification of the design, with a wide versatility of the device.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the possibility of universal safe use of the device for most patients with spinal deformities of various etiologies.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is achieved by the proposed device for dry gravitational halo traction while sitting in a wheelchair, containing a U-shaped metal frame, made with the possibility of attaching to the wheelchair by means of shaped pipes, a shaped tube with a length of at least 25 cm , rigidly fixed in the center of the upper part of the frame perpendicular to it to the side, to the edge of which an anchor with a hook located down is successively fixed, two blocks of the block mechanism connected to each other by means of a rope, a metal damper connected by a rope to a halo ring, while the upper block of the block mechanism is made with the possibility of fastening by means of a rope and a carabiner to a latch rigidly fixed on one of the risers in its upper part.

In the preferred embodiment: the device contains additional holes in the lower part of the side posts of the U-shaped frame.

The combination of the above essential features leads to the fact that:

- The device requires only initial adjustment, patients stretch themselves, without distracting the doctor and attendants from the settings;

- Patient care is improved by the staff (they do not lie down, they do not need to be washed and washed), they can take care of themselves (they can do what is necessary themselves) while being mobile during the day, and this is the prevention of hypodynamia and osteoporosis;

- The device allows you to pull all parts of the spine, and not locally some department;

-The device allows you to significantly improve the quality and reliability, due to the use of profile pipes, and not metal rods, the bolted connection allows you to securely attach parts of the frame to each other, this makes the entire frame strong;

- The device is simple and extremely inexpensive to manufacture, standard metal profile pipes, bolts, anchors, ropes, blocks, carbines from a regular hardware store are used, no individual manufacturing or fitting of frame parts is required;

fixation with a metal bolt through, increases the reliability of the connection;

The crossbar tube, instead of, for example, plates with wheels, is freely adjustable to the dimensions of the patient.

Brief description of the drawings

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by figures.

On FIG. Figures 1 and 2 show a frame for dry gravitational halo traction, where the numbers indicate:

1 - Metal frame - U-shaped frame, consisting of shaped pipes;

2 - Profile pipes that are attached to the wheelchair with M8 bolts on each side, and to the metal frame with one bolt on each side;

3 - Profile tube 20×20 mm;

4 - Bolt M8 with washers and nut;

5- Blocks of the block mechanism;

6 - Rope (fishing line) connecting the blocks of the block mechanism for stretching the patient;

7 - Metal carabiner;

8 - Metal damper (spring);

9 - Spring anchor with hook and nut;

10 - Through holes in shaped pipes, designed for mounting to a chair or adjusting the height / length.

On FIG. 3 is a photograph of the top of the device.

On FIG. 4 and 5 show the connection sections of the device with the wheelchair.

Implementation and examples of implementation Below is an example of a specific implementation of the device, which does not limit the options for its execution.

The claimed device is intended for halo-traction therapy as a stage of surgical treatment of spinal deformities, while the patient is sitting in a wheelchair.

The claimed device consists of a metal frame 1 - a U-shaped frame made of shaped pipes, preferably 20×20 mm, two shaped pipes 2 25×25 mm for attachment to a wheelchair and a U-shaped frame 1, a shaped tube 20×20 mm 3 from 25 cm long, rigidly attached to the upper part of the frame 1 along its center perpendicular to it, tension elements: blocks of the block mechanism 5, rope (fishing line) 6 connecting blocks for stretching the patient, metal damper (spring) 8, and fastening elements: bolts ( preferably M8) with washers and nut 4, spring anchors with hook (preferably M8) and nuts 9, metal carabiner 7.

The tension elements are rigidly fixed on the profile 3 from the side opposite from the attachment to the frame by means of an anchor with a hook 9, to which blocks of the block mechanism 5 are attached using a rope (line) 6, also interconnected by a rope (line) 6, the lower block 5 is connected with a metal damper (spring) 5, which, in turn, is connected to the rope (line) of the halo ring, the upper block is connected with a rope (line) 6 through a carabiner 7 to the fixation element, which can be located in the upper part of one of the P-stands shaped profile and be represented as an anchor hook, or any other welded or rigidly fixed element that secures the carabiner 7.

To assemble frame 1, it is easier to use metal profile pipes with dimensions of 20 × 20 mm. It is possible to use round pipes of corresponding diameters or other curly pipes. The U-shaped frame 1 is welded from metal shaped pipes and consists of a crossbar and 2 vertical posts, and, in order to reduce the possibility of a structure fracture at the welds during patient traction, the profile pipe of the crossbar is welded in such a way that it will be located above both posts. It is possible to form a crossbar without the use of welding, using a bolted connection, or using a single bent pipe in the form of the letter "P".

Frame 1 is made with the ability to move vertically along two profile pipes 2, which are attached to the wheelchair with two M8 4 bolts on each side, and to the metal frame of the frame 1 with one M8 4 bolt on each side.

To be able to adjust the height of the device, the side posts of the U-shaped frame 1 may contain additional holes in the lower part for fastening to pipes 2 with bolts 4.

Pipes 2 have a size of 25×25 mm, which allows the U-shaped structure 1 to move along them. To fix pipes 2 to the wheelchair, it is enough to select two points of support (drill two holes in the frame of the wheelchair on both sides) and attach with two M8 bolts 4 using washers and nuts through pre-designed holes 10 in pipes 2, as shown in Fig. 4, 5.

Such a connection is also possible, the main thing is that the pipe 2 is fixed to the wheelchair with two M8 bolts 4.

To fix the vertical pillars of the structure in these pipes, on the side surfaces there are 3 holes 10 for the M8 bolt 4 with washers and a nut, located at the same levels corresponding to the through hole in the pipe 2. This allows you to fix the U-shaped structure, depending on the height of the patient above or below.

On the right side post in the upper part there is an additional hole 10, which can be on the left post, and on both, for a folding spring anchor 9 with an M8 hook and a nut. In the absence of such a hook, it is possible to use any other fastening screw-hook (half-ring, ring) welded in this hole.

In the central part of the crossbar there is a through hole 10 for attaching a profile tube 3 with dimensions of 20 × 20 mm and a length of 25 cm. There are 3 holes on the tube 3: 1 hole in the middle, and 2 of them at an equidistant distance from the center. One edge hole serves as a place for attaching a folding spring anchor 9 with an M8 hook (or any other hook/ring fixing screw, for example, welded to it).

The remaining holes are used for fastening with a bolt. M8 4 to the crossbar of the frame 1 to choose from, depending on the required removal of the hook 9 with a block mechanism in the front-to-back direction (depending on the patient's build and the location of the halo ring).

The block mechanism consists of 2 double 5 building blocks, for example: https://nashdom41.ru/product/blok-montazhnvi-1251/blok-dvoinoi-50-mm-fl2-s-neilonovvrni-kolesami-2365/. Blocks have an eye for fastening. One block 5 of them is suspended on a spring anchor 9 by the tube hook 3. If a ring was used on the crossbar tube, then the block can be connected to it using a metal carabiner 7 (this is an option in case a ring was welded instead of a hook that cannot be threaded into block eye, but it is necessary to maintain the rigidity of the structure, so you can use a carabiner). A braided rope 6 with a central core is stretched between the blocks. Instead, any other rope of sufficient strength can be used (fishing line, synthetic rope or without core, cord), or a cable with or without braid.

A metal damper 8 (spring) with a length of 5 to 20 cm, with a resistance of 10 to 50 kg, is attached to the lower, freely hanging block 5 with or without a carabiner 7. For example: https://egida/ru/ru/catalog/komplektuyushchie//mekhanizmy-transformatsii/pruzhiny-k-mekhanizmam

https://productcenter.ru/products/58891/pruzhiny-rastiazhieniia-stalnvie, or medical damper springs https://uchebilka.ru/sport/48123/index.html?page=5.

For the damper 8, the line of the halo-ring implanted in the brain region of the patient's skull clings.

Implementation examples

The device works as follows:

The traction mechanism is carried out as follows: the patient sits in a wheelchair with the brake released in advance. The U-shaped device of the frame 1 and the crossbar tube 3 are adjusted depending on the patient's build in height and direction back and forth. Next, the doctor attaches the line of the patient's halo-ring to the damper 8 and performs traction by tensioning the rope of the block mechanism 6 to the required level (appearance of tension in the patient's neck muscles or pain syndrome). In this case, the lower movable block 5 rises to the fixed upper one. Using the system of double blocks allows you to get a gain in strength, it is easier for the doctor to pull. Having reached the required traction, the doctor should note for himself the length of the rope of blocks 6. The rope must be fixed with a carabiner 7 to the hook of the folding spring anchor M8 9, located in the upper section of the right vertical post of the frame 1. You can also simply tie the rope to the hook. However, as the patient's spinal mobility increases during traction, adjustments to the length of the rope are necessary. For convenience, it is possible to use several carabiners strung on a rope. The patient can move independently in a chair or just sit, the patient can also be rolled by relatives or medical staff. After traction therapy, the patient simply gets up from the chair, deliberately depressing the brake, and the halo-ring line independently unhooks from the damper. In the next traction procedure, the patient sits in a chair and, as he sits down, must independently hook the fishing line to the damper.

Taking into account the simplicity, reliability and use of the proposed solution, it is obvious that the proposed device greatly simplifies the preoperative preparation of patients with various spinal deformities.

It also takes up very little storage space. Considering all the advantages, the claimed device can be used.

Thus, in the proposed solution, it was possible to develop a universal non-traumatic design, in which, unlike the known solutions using a load, the patient simply needs to stand up, and the spring will reduce traction, while nothing will fall to the floor, while due to the unknown mass traction in cases of using loads, there was a possible risk of traction complications (neuropathy of the cranial nerves, spinal nerves, plexitis), a safe mass of traction is 30-50% of the patient's body weight (some patients can withstand 100 kg, but are not immune from complications ) in the proposed solution due to the use of the damper is dosed traction.

The claimed device is universally applicable to any part of the spine. The frame does not require staying in it at night, the patient stretched - went to sleep, while in the chair we have nothing pressing on the soft tissues of the back, there is no risk of damage to the soft tissues, bedsores or scratches, the paragibbar sections of the spine stretch in the chair (all arches, sections above and below the scoliotic or kyphotic curve).

Claims (2)

1. A device for dry gravitational halo traction while sitting in a wheelchair, characterized in that it contains a U-shaped metal frame, made with the possibility of attaching to the wheelchair by means of profile pipes, a profile tube with a length of at least 25 cm, rigidly fixed along the center of the upper part of the frame perpendicular to it to the side, to the edge of which an anchor with a hook located down, two blocks of the block mechanism connected to each other by means of a rope, a metal damper connected by a rope with a halo ring are successively fixed, while the upper block of the block mechanism is made with the possibility of fastening by means of a rope and a carabiner to a latch rigidly fixed to one of the racks in its upper part. 2. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that it contains additional holes in the lower part of the side posts of the U-shaped frame.

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