RU2139028C1 - Method for restoring vision acuity - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves exercising muscular apparatus separately for each eye with Sintsev-Golovin table shown as test object through positive and negative spherical lenses. When training muscles in cases of short-sight eyes, positive spheric lenses are applied. Hypermetropia being the case, negative lenses are applied. Training is carried out until 1.0 vision acuity is achieved in both eyes. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment; accelerated method.

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, namely to ophthalmology, and can be used to restore vision with myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and strabismus.

 Currently, the treatment of various types of ammetropia: myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, strabismus is mainly reduced to spectacle correction, depending on the refraction, with plus or minus lenses.

 The lack of correction with glasses and contact lenses is that they weaken the muscular (oculomotor) apparatus of the eyes, which leads to a violation of the normal refractive power of the optical system of the eyes.

 There are also known methods for correcting visual acuity by training the accommodative (ciliary) muscle of the eye (A.S. N 1666111 and A.S. N 353719).

 For the prototype of the invention adopted the method as. N 353719 "Method of training the ciliary muscle", which consists in the following: the patient is presented with a test object through negative lenses of increasing optical power to submaximal accommodation voltage and physiological massage of the ciliary muscle, after which the optical power of the lenses is reduced to 0 and replaced by positive eyeglass lenses with an increasing optical forces to submaximal relaxation of accommodation, and the test object is presented to the patient at a distance of 30-35 cm from the eye.

 However, this method is not effective in correcting visual acuity in the distance. Therefore, the task of restoring visual acuity with any form of ammetropia remains relevant.

 The problem solved by the invention is to restore visual acuity by conducting training exercises that increase the strength of the muscular (oculomotor) apparatus, helping to approach the normal value of the refractive power of the optical system of healthy eyes. (The average refractive index of the optical system of healthy eyes is 58.0 - 66.0 D, rounded to 60.0 D).

 The essence of the claimed invention is as follows. Training exercises of the muscular apparatus of the eyes are carried out separately for each eye with test objects of the table S.S. Golovina, D.P. Sivtseva for determining visual acuity, starting from the 1st row, ending on the 10th row of the table from a standard distance, through the center of the positive (for the treatment of nearsightedness) and negative (for the treatment of hyperopia) spherical lenses that cause defocusing (double, triple, etc.) etc. depending on the strength of the lenses) of the image of the test objects of the rows of the table, and with the maximum voltage of the muscular (oculomotor) apparatus of the eye (by focusing, focusing on the test objects), they try to get a clear image of the test objects assmatrivaemoy line. Starting from 0.25 D, bring it to 6.0 D on each row of the table, each time receiving a clear image of the test objects, while strictly observing the sequence of change of training exercises in each eye, when the difference between the spherical lenses is not more than 2, 0 D. Then, training exercises are carried out on the next line, also gradually increasing the strength of spherical lenses from 0.25 D to 6.0 D, observing the sequence of eye changes, bringing training exercises with spherical lenses closer to the 10th row of table C.S. Golovina, D.A. Sivtseva for determining visual acuity. Upon receipt of a clear image (focusing) of test objects of the 10th row of the table S.S. Golovina, D.A. Sivtseva to determine visual acuity from the standard distance for this table through spherical lenses with an optical power of 6.0 D, visual acuity can be considered restored, because the refractive power of the optical system of the eyes will be within the normal range of 60.0 D i.e. correspond to the maximum magnitude of the refractive power of a spherical lens of 6.0 D, with which the training exercises were performed on each row, multiplied by the number of rows of the table on which the training exercises were conducted (6.0 D multiplied by 10 is 60.0 D).

 The method is as follows: to a patient who is at a standard distance from the test object - table C.S. Golovina, D.A. Sivtseva, a spherical positive (for the treatment of nearsightedness) or negative (for the treatment of hyperopia) 0.25 D lenses are inserted into the test frame, they are forced to squint and strain through the center of the lens to look at the 1st row of table D.A. Sivtseva, trying to get a clear image of all the letters of this line at the same time (focus on these letters). Upon receipt of a clear image of the letters of the 1st row, the patient pronounces the word “see,” after which the spherical lenses are changed, each time increasing the strength of the lenses by 0.25 D with a clear image of the letters of the 1st row of the table. Training exercises are carried out on one eye, the other eye is closed by an opaque visor. When the power of spherical lenses on one eye of 2.0 D is reached, this eye is closed with a shield, and training exercises begin to be performed on the other eye with a spherical lens of 0.25 D, gradually increasing the lens power by 0.25 D, bringing the lens power to 4.0 D, not exceeding the difference in both eyes within 2.0 D. Training exercises are carried out on the line in question until the patient receives a clear image of the letters of this line through a spherical lens with a power of 6.0 D. Then go to the next line and produce training exercises section but for each eye, gradually increasing force from the lens to 0,25 D 6,0 D image with a clear preparation of letters per line, strictly observing the change sequence of training exercises in each eye. An increase in the optical power of the lenses causes a greater distortion of the letters of the rows in the table under consideration: at first double, then triple, etc., and then the table itself begins to double, triple, in the patient’s field of vision. The patient's task - regardless of the magnitude of the optical power of the lenses, to constantly obtain a clear image at the same time of all the letters of the rows in the table. Upon receipt of a clear image of all 8 letters of the 10th row of the table S.S. Golovin, D. A. Sivtsev through a spherical lens with a power of 6.0 D separately by each eye of the patient, the visual acuity of this patient can be considered restored. Increasing the load on the muscular (oculomotor) apparatus by increasing the optical power of the lenses, they train the muscular (oculomotor) apparatus to bring the oculomotor muscles fully restored, normalizing the refractive power of the optical system and the anteroposterior axis of the eye.

 Thus, the proposed method helps to restore visual acuity. The average refractive index of the optical system of commensurate (healthy) eyes is 58.0 - 66.0 D, the length of the anteroposterior axis of the eye is 22 - 25 mm, normal visual acuity is unity (1.0), which corresponds to the 10th line of Table C S. Golovin, D.P. Sivtseva to determine visual acuity in the distance. The magnitude of the maximum load given as a spherical lens on the muscular apparatus of the eyes, equal to 6.0 D, and the number of lines on which training exercises were performed with this method, judge the magnitude of visual acuity in the recovery process. For example: if the patient sees clearly the letters of the 1st line of the table D.P. Sivtsev through the maximum spherical lens with a power of 6.0 D, then his visual acuity is - 0.1; if with the same lens he sees clearly the letters of the 2nd line, then his visual acuity is equal to 0.2, etc. - 10 line - his visual acuity will be equal to 1.0.

 Example 1. Patient K., born in 1973 Diagnosis: mild myopia in both eyes. The visual acuity of both eyes is 0.5 with the correction of the spheres - 1.0 D = 1.0. Conduct a course of treatment of the proposed method. After the first session with a 6.0 D lens, the last clear image of the letters with the right eye on the 6th row of the table, the left on the 7th row with a 3.5 D lens. In the 2nd session with a 6.0 D lens, the right image was received right eye on the 8th row, left with a 4.5 D lens on the 9th row of the table. At the 3rd session, I received a clear image of the letters of the 10th row of the table with a 6.0 D lens in each eye. After 3 treatment sessions, visual acuity = 1.0. A control inspection was carried out monthly throughout the year. The visual acuity of both eyes is 1.0.

 Example 2. Patient A., born in 1968 Diagnosis: high myopia of both eyes. The visual acuity of both eyes is 0.05 with the correction of the spheres - 7.0 D = 1.0. After the first session, I got clear images of the letters of the 2nd line with a 2.75 D lens - the right eye, 2.25 D - the left eye. At the 2nd session, a clear image of letters was received on the 3rd line with the right eye with a 4.5 D lens, the left with 4 D. The last clear image of letters was received with a 6.0 D lens at the 8th session - on the 4th line each the eye. At the 38th session with a 6.0 lens, D received a clear image of the letters of the 10th line. Visual acuity is 1.0. A control inspection was carried out monthly throughout the year. Visual acuity ranged from 0.8 to 1.0.

 Example 3: Patient I., born in 1976 Diagnosis: moderate myopia in both eyes. The visual acuity of both eyes is 0.2, with the correction of the spheres - 2.5 D = 1.0. After 3 sessions, the last clear image of letters by the right and left eye was separately received on the 6th line with a 6.0 D lens. At the 10th session, I received a clear image of letters separately by the right and left eye through a 6.0 D lens by 10 -th row of the table D.P. Sivtseva. After 10 treatment sessions, visual acuity of 1.0. After 6 months, the visual acuity of both eyes is 1.0.

 Example 4: Patient P. 1971 Diagnosis: farsightedness of an average degree of both eyes. The visual acuity of both eyes is 0.2 with a correction of 3.0 D spheres = 1.0. A course of treatment of the proposed method. After the first session with a 0.5 D lens, the last clear image of the letters is with the right eye on the 6th line, the left on the 7th line. In the 2nd session with a 6.0 D lens, the last clear image with the right eye on the 8th line, the left - on the 9th line. On the 10th line of the table D.P. Sivtseva separately with each eye received a clear image of letters through a lens with a power of 6.0 D. Visual acuity is 1.0. After 6 months, a second examination was performed. The visual acuity of both eyes is 1.0.

 Thus, we can conclude that the claimed method allows for any degree of ammitropy to restore visual acuity to normal, i.e. to 1.0, which eliminates the need for patients to wear glasses and contact lenses, while feeling comfortable. The method is technically simple to implement, easy to implement on an outpatient basis, economical and can be recommended for implementation in medical practice.

Claims (1)

 A method of restoring visual acuity by training the muscle apparatus of the eye with the presentation of test objects through positive and negative spherical lenses, characterized in that the training is carried out separately for each eye, starting from the 1st line and ending with the 10th line of the test object - table D .A.Sivtseva and S.S. Golovin, gradually increasing the optical power of the lenses on each line from 0.25 D to 6.0 D, and with myopia use positive spherical lenses and the distance between the patient and the test object is set at least 5 m , a with hyperopia, negative spherical lenses are used and the distance between the patient and the test object is set to not more than 5 m, training is carried out until the visual acuity in both eyes is 1.0.