RU2137804C1 - Liquid-phase thermal cracking reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: petroleum processing. SUBSTANCE: reactor consists of external tube and built-in internal tube fixed inside the external tube. Under internal tube, there is jet-forming device constructed in the form of curvilinear blades radially divergent from the center, under which at least one manifold is mounted in the hollow between external and internal tubes. Manifold is constructed in the form of tore provided with steam-supply connection pipe and outlet nozzles oriented at angle 30-60 deg., preferably 45 deg. , to tore radius. EFFECT: simplified construction and reduced coking of reactor. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to oil refining, in particular to reaction devices used in the processes of thermal cracking and visbreaking of crude oil.

 A known reactor for liquid-phase thermal cracking of petroleum feedstock, including an apparatus divided by partitions into sections / US Patent N 4551233, C 10 G 9/00, 1984 /.

 However, stagnant zones of the reaction mass are formed in sections of this type of reactor, and the products of the coking of raw materials accumulate in them. In addition, it is difficult to remove the formed masses of coke and repair sections.

 Closest to the claimed object is a reactor for liquid-phase thermal cracking of crude oil containing an external pressure vessel and mounted inside it with a spherical bearing with the possibility of rotation around the vertical axis of the internal vessel equipped with blades. The rotation of the inner vessel is carried out either by means of a hydraulic actuator or by tangential jets of liquid directed to the blades / British Patent N 2094336, C 10 G 9/02, 1981 /.

The need to ensure constant rotation of the inner vessel by installing several pipelines and devices for supplying high-pressure jets, the selection of the design of a spherical bearing that works stably at temperatures above 400 ^o C, complicates the design of this reactor. In addition, the possibility of coking of the inner vessel.

 The invention is aimed at simplifying the design of the reactor and reducing the coking of the reactor by eliminating the stagnant zones of the reaction mass by organizing the rotational movement of the reaction mass.

This is achieved by the fact that in a reactor for liquid-phase thermal cracking containing an external vessel and an internal vessel built into it, the latter is mounted motionless and coaxial with the external vessel, a jet-forming device is arranged under the internal vessel, made in the form of curved blades radially diverging from the center, and above at least one mother liquor installed in the cavity between the external and internal vessels and made in the form of a torus equipped with a nozzle for supplying water th vapor outlet nozzles with an inclination angle to the radius of the torus in the range 30-60 ^o, preferably 45 ^o.

When the angle of inclination of the nozzles to the radius of the torus is less than 30 ^{o, the} degree of swirl of the reaction mass decreases, and when the angle of inclination of the nozzles exceeds 60 ^{o, the} degree of reflection of the jet of water vapor from the inner walls of the external vessel decreases, since the output nozzles are located on the outside of the torus. During repair work, the inner vessel and the jet-forming device are removed from the outer vessel and the inner wall of the outer vessel is cleaned like a regular hollow apparatus, which creates additional conveniences.

 In FIG. 1 shows a proposed sectional view of a reactor design; in FIG. 2 is a view A in FIG. 1.

The reactor for liquid-phase thermal cracking of petroleum feed is an external vertical vessel 1 and an internal vessel 2 built into it, under which there is a jet-forming device 3 made in the form of curved blades radially diverging from the center. Above the jet-forming device, in the annular cavity between the external and internal vessels, there is placed a motherboard 4 made in the form of a torus, equipped with a nozzle 5 for supplying water vapor and output nozzles 6 with an angle of inclination to the radius of the torus of 30-60 ^o . In the reactor can be installed several mother liquors. The reactor is equipped with nozzles 7 for the output of liquid phase cracking products, a nozzle 8 for supplying raw materials and a hatch 9 for performing repair work.

 The reactor operates as follows.

 The raw material after heating in a tubular furnace is fed through the upper pipe 8 to the inner vessel 2, from where the liquid mass enters the jet forming device 3, the curved blades of which twist the reaction stream. The twisting effect of the liquid reaction mass is enhanced by the supply of water vapor or carrier gas to the mother liquor 4 through the nozzle 5 exiting through the nozzles 6 of the mother liquor at high speed. In the presence of several mother liquors, the intensity of the rotation of the reaction stream is further enhanced. The rotating reaction mass rises up and reaches the outlet pipes 7, through which cracking products (gases, liquid mass) are removed from the reactor for subsequent separation.

Claims (1)

A reactor for liquid-phase thermal cracking, containing an external vessel and an internal vessel built into it, characterized in that the internal vessel is fixed and aligned with the external vessel, a jet-forming device is arranged under the inner vessel, made in the form of curved blades radially diverging from the center, and above the jet-forming the device has at least one mother liquor located in the cavity between the external and internal vessels and made in the form of a torus equipped with a nozzle for supplying water steam and output nozzles with an angle of inclination to the radius of the torus 30-60 ^o , preferably 45 ^o .

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