RU2137336C1 - Method of sowing seeds in open ground - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves undercutting stubble layer, with spacing and tilled surface width ratio being 0.92 plus and minus 0.08; providing cyclic feeding and embedding seeds under stubble layer, with correlation of gear drive motion from shaft with drill rollers and material dosed dispensing shaft being taken into account; fixing seeds in ground by rolling and compacting of stubble layer by Z-shaped rollers. EFFECT: increased efficiency and uniform distribution of seeds in ground. 1 ex

Description

 The invention relates to a technology for sowing seeds in open ground and can be used when planting cereals and legumes in large areas with simultaneous tillage and fertilizing.

 There is a method of sowing seeds in an open soil layer, by which the stubble layer placed in the surface soil layer is trimmed, the seeds are fed and placed under the stubble layer and the stubble layer is compacted with zigzag rollers, which ensures a fixed position of seeds in the surface layer of open soil (SU 912088 A, class A 01 B 49/06, 03/15/88).

 The disadvantages of the known method of sowing seeds in an open soil layer include the low quality of the sowing process and the uneven distribution of seeds, leading to overuse of sown crops, and consequently to additional costs of fuels and lubricants, wear of equipment and loss of machine time for the spring and autumn field work.

 The aim of the new method is to increase the uniformity of the distribution of seeds in the soil and eliminate all of the above disadvantages of the prototype.

 The problem is achieved by the method of sowing seeds in an open soil layer by cutting the stubble layer placed in the surface soil layer, feeding and placing seeds under the stubble layer and subsequent rolling with compaction of the stubble layer, creating a fixed position of seeds in the surface layer of open soil, and the stubble layer cut when the ratio of the width of the row-spacing and the treated surface is 0.92 ± 0.08, and the seeds are fed into the soil cyclically, taking into account the relationship between the movement of the gear from shaft with seeder rollers and shaft for portioned seed delivery, dry and liquid fertilizers.

 In addition, when implementing this method, it is possible to take into account the area of rolling and compaction of the soil, which depends on the total working surface of the cylindrical compacting rollers and the gap between them, necessary for the possible replacement of worn rollers. At the same time, the area compacted by the rollers is taken into account, which depends on the supporting zigzag profiles located with a certain step on the cylindrical surface of the rollers and the gap between the rollers required to install and position the chain wheel sprocket, to accommodate the lever pulleys and compensating rings that provide maintainability and dipole use of at least a pair of roller sets for two seeders. The mentioned soil density depends on the preliminary compaction of part of the soil with tracks or tractor wheels, the area and density of loading on the drive rotary wheel of the seeder and the cutting angle "beta", formed by the main front, changing in the direction of feed angles at a constant zero value of the main rear corner for the entire rear surfaces of a combined opener knife profile. At the same time, the density of the treated soil also depends on the width of the soil overlap by the said rotary seeder wheel. The position of the vertices of the cutting knives arranged in rows and perpendicular to the feed of the seeder alternates with respect to the aforementioned gap paths between the rollers and the rolling area.

 An example implementation of the method of sowing seeds in an open soil layer.

 Seeds or grain are poured into the seeder hopper with a uniformly distributed dispersed layer of fertilizer, and the required type of chemical compound is poured into the liquid feeding container, for example, in the form of ammonium nitrate. Then the seeder is fed to the working area of the field and the metering device is turned on. The stubble layer of the soil is cut with the ratio of the width of the row-spacing treatment and the treated surface in the range of 0.92 ± 0.08.

 The seeds are fed and placed under the stubble layer, and the seeds are fed for sowing into the open ground cyclically in relation to the movement of the gear from the shaft with the rollers of the seeder and the shaft of portioned seed delivery, dry and liquid fertilizer. Rolling and compaction of the stubble layer with rollers with zigzag profiles is carried out and a fixed position of seeds is created in the surface layer of open ground.

 This method, along with a uniform distribution of seeds in the soil, eliminates the overspending of sown crops (cyclical seed supply), additional costs of fuels and lubricants and wear of equipment.

Claims (1)

 The method of sowing seeds in an open soil layer by cutting the stubble layer located in the surface soil layer, feeding and placing seeds under the stubble layer and subsequent rolling with compaction of the stubble layer with rollers with zigzag profiles, which creates a fixed position of the seeds in the surface layer of open ground, characterized in that the stubble layer is trimmed when the ratio of the row spacing and the treated surface is 0.92 ± 0.08, and the seeds are fed into the soil cyclically, taking into account the relationship between the movement of the gears and from the shaft with the rollers of the seeder and the shaft of the portioned delivery of seeds, dry and liquid fertilizers.