RU213504U1 - Device for removing oil, oils, oil products from the water surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for removing oil, oils, oil products from the surface of the water is intended for use in floating installations for cleaning water bodies. The installation consists of a housing, the upper wall of which is a convex surface, on which an ultrasonic emitter and a nozzle for supplying a washing medium are located. Inside the housing on rollers, one of which is the leading one, there is a movable perforated tape, on which there is a sorption layer of granular material, bounded from above by a grid and partitions across the layer. When the tape moves along the rollers, when passing through the pollutant layer, the process of sorption by the sorbent material occurs, and when moving along the rollers, in the zone of contact with the convex plate, the desorption process occurs due to the action of ultrasound, washing and mechanical compression of the sorbent. The presence of side walls at the inlet of the housing and the rotation of the impeller with blades ensures a constant flow of water into the housing. The squeezed out substance flows down in the pallet and is removed by gravity through a branch pipe. The use of the device, due to the high degree of regeneration of the sorbent, can significantly improve the quality of water.

Description

The device is intended for use in floating installations when collecting insoluble liquids, such as oil, oils, oil products from the surface of water bodies.

Devices are known for collecting oil products from the surface of water bodies, for example (AS No. 330234) there is a special funnel and floats, or (AS No. 350903) contains a rotating disk of polyurethane foam and a scraper that scrapes oil from the surface of the disk. The disadvantages of the known devices is the low quality of cleaning the surface of the water.

Known "Device for extracting insoluble liquids from the surface of the water" (AS No. 352995) (bul. No. 29 of 09/29/1972), which uses a sorption material moving along with an endless tape in separate sections and regenerated by mechanical pressing in the area of the convex plate. This device is accepted by us as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are as follows:

when passing sections with sorption granules in the zone of contact of the tape with a convex plate, the presence of hinges does not allow to completely squeeze out the sorption material, therefore, sorption is carried out only by 40% ÷ 50% and the productivity and quality of cleaning are significantly reduced;

various pollutants (oil, fuel oil, oils) have different viscosities and abilities for sorption-desorption processes, which requires different times for the implementation of these processes;

there is no forced supply of contaminated liquid to the treatment zone, which leads to the need for continuous movement of the floating facility throughout the reservoir.

To eliminate the noted shortcomings, the goal was to improve the quality of water purification with continuous high-quality regeneration of the sorption material.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for removing oil, oils, oil products, containing a body with an upper convex plate, an endless perforated belt with a sorbent, traction rollers, a container for collecting the squeezed material, an ultrasonic emitter and a nozzle are located in the upper convex plate, on the endless perforated the tape contains a layer of granular elastic sorbent bounded from above by a mesh and having mesh partitions across the layer, and the inlet of the housing contains side plates in the form of a diffuser, on which a shaft with blades and a rotation drive is installed, moreover, the container for collecting the squeezed material contains a branch pipe and has an inclination towards the branch pipe, and the drive for moving the endless perforated tape has a variator for changing the speed of the tape.

The proposed device is shown in figure 1, figure 2, figure 3, figure 4, figure 5, where:

Figure 1 - General view (cross section)

Figure 2 - top view,

Figure 3 - sorption tape,

Fig.4 - impeller,

Fig.5 - section of the prefabricated pallet.

In Fig.1, 2, 3, 4, 5 contains: 1 - housing, 2 - convex plate, 3 - ultrasonic emitter, 4 - nozzle, 5 - pressure rollers, 6 - drive roller, 7 - perforated tape, 8 - side plates for collecting oil products, 9 - impeller shaft, 10 - blades, 11 - carrier rollers, 12 - prefabricated pallet, 13 - drive, 14 - outlet pipe, 15 - gearbox (or variator), 16 - transmission (chain, belt), 17 - pulley, 18 - floats, 19 - mesh, 20 - sorption layer, 21 - mesh partitions.

The proposed device consists of a housing 1, the upper wall of which is made in the form of a convex plate 2. Inside the housing 1, on the carrier rollers 11 and the drive roller 6, there is a perforated tape 7, rolled into a ring and pressed against the convex plate 2 by pressure rollers 5. On the perforated tape 7 there is a layer of sorption material 20 from above bounded by a non-failure mesh 19 and having mesh partitions 21 across the layer. On the convex plate 2, in front of the zone of contact of the tape 7 with the plate 2, there is an ultrasonic emitter 3, and after it, in the direction of the tape 7, there is a nozzle 4 , in the zone of contact of the perforated tape 7 with the convex plate 2, under the tape 7 there are pressure rollers 5, which ensure reliable contact of the tape 7 with the plate 2.

Under the zone of contact of the tape 7 with the convex plate 2, between the bearing rollers 11 there is a prefabricated pallet 12 with a branch pipe for draining the squeezed material 14. The pallet 12 has an inclination towards the branch pipe 14. The body 1 has floats 18 on the sides, which ensure the buoyancy of the device, and its location so that the tape 7 with the sorption layer is on the surface of the liquid, in the zone containing the layer of pollutants (oil, oils, oil products). Between the floats 18, on the end sides of the body 1, there are windows for the passage of liquid. One of the windows is the entrance and must correspond to the beginning of the movement of the perforated tape 7 on the surface of the water. This is the wall of the housing 1, opposite the convex plate 2. The inlet of the housing contains side plates in the form of a diffuser 8. The height of the plates is made in accordance with immersion in the water surface containing a layer of pollutants. In the inlet, wide part of the diffuser, an impeller shaft 9 with blades 10 is installed. The impeller with blades 10 is rotated, ensuring the movement of water inside the housing 1, coinciding with the direction of movement of the perforated tape 7 with the sorption layer 20.

The drive 13 ensures the rotation of the drive roller 6 through the gearbox 15 (or variator) and the rotation of the impeller shaft 9 from the pulley 17 through the transmission (chain, belt) 16.

The device works as follows. The device is placed in a reservoir contaminated with oil, oils, oil products, turns on the drive 13 and the drive roller 6 starts to rotate from the drive 13 through the gearbox (variator) 15. The rotation of the roller 6 drives the perforated tape 7 together with the sorption layer 20. Simultaneously with the movement of the tape 7 with sorption layer 20 through gear 16 and pulley 17, the impeller with shaft 9 and blades 10 starts to rotate.

Water, together with the surface layer of pollutants, enters the space of the housing 1. The sorption layer 20 absorbs pollutants and, moving, enters the zone of action of the ultrasonic emitter 3, where, due to the action of cavitation vibrations, the connection of pollutants with the sorbent is weakened and at a mechanical pressure of the sorbent layer of 20 s Contaminants are squeezed out by the surface of the convex plate 2 and drain into the tray 12. The pressure increase is facilitated by the pressure rollers 5. After exposure to ultrasonic radiation and mechanical action on the sorbent, the sorbent layer 20 is washed under pressure from the nozzle 4. The washing medium can be water or steam. The contaminated medium, squeezed out and washed away by washing, flows into the tray 12, from where it is removed by gravity, due to the inclination, through the nozzle 14. The recommended frequencies for the ultrasonic emitter are 40-44 kHz. The regenerated sorbent 20, moving further along the rollers 11, enters the zone containing contaminants and the entire cleaning process is repeated. When the perforated tape 7 moves along the rollers 11, the sorption layer 21 does not lose its integrity and does not fall off in one direction, due to the presence of mesh partitions 21.

The operation of the impeller with blades 10 continuously ensures the flow of new portions of contaminated water into the zone of sorption purification with a layer of sorbent after regeneration with a high degree of removal of contaminants. The presence of a reducer or variator allows you to control the sorption process by changing the speed of the perforated tape 7 with the sorption layer, depending on the type of pollutant and the thickness of the layer on the surface of the reservoir.

Thus, the use of the proposed device allows, due to the high degree of sorbent regeneration, to significantly improve the quality of pollutant removal and improve the quality of treated water.

Claims (4)

1. A device for removing oil, oils, oil products from the surface of the water, including a body with an upper convex plate, an endless perforated belt with a sorbent, traction rollers, a container for collecting pressed material, characterized in that the upper convex plate contains an ultrasonic emitter and a nozzle, and on On an endless perforated belt, there is a layer of granular elastic sorbent bounded from above by a mesh and having mesh partitions across the layer. 2. A device for removing oil, oils, oil products from the surface of the water according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet of the housing contains side walls in the form of a diffuser, on which a shaft with blades and a rotation drive is installed. 3. A device for removing oil, oils, oil products from the surface of the water according to claim 1, characterized in that the container for collecting the squeezed material contains a branch pipe and has an inclination towards the branch pipe. 4. A device for removing oil, oils, oil products from the surface of the water according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive for moving the endless perforated tape has a gearbox or a variator for changing the speed of the tape.

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