RU2132088C1 - Method for synthesis of musical acoustic images - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: computerized and electronic synthesis of music. SUBSTANCE: method involves generation of scales which provide melodic development and harmonic combination of sounds with later overlapping these scales with given error in order to provide multiple tempered scales with different number of notes in octave. Synthesis of musical acoustic images uses at least one tempered scale. EFFECT: facilitated musical expression due to combination of harmonic and melodic features of different combinations of tempered scales. 6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to computer and electronic synthesis of musical sound images and can be used to improve the means of musical expression and create music.

 A known method of creating musical works, implemented using an electronic instrument (patent EP N 0436976, class G 01 H 1/20, 1990), which consists in the formation of scales that combine sounds in melody and harmony, by dividing each octave of the entire frequency range by 24 notes.

There is also a method of synthesizing musical sound images (Prince Volkovysky R. Yu. Music and Science.- M.: Nauka, 1993, pp. 46-53), which consists in constructing sound scales that provide melodic formation and harmonious combination of sound frequencies, with subsequent combination the frequencies of these scales with a given error in one temperamental scale, while the scale, providing melodic formation of sounds, is carried out according to the law 2 ^{i / s} , where i is the number of note steps in octave, s is the number of notes in octave of scale.

 Such methods have a significant drawback, consisting in the limited possibilities of using only one temperamental scale in sound synthesis. The combined use of several temperamented scales significantly enriches musical expressiveness through the use of melodic, harmonic and timbre capabilities of various combinations of scales.

позволяет, имея рациональные значения основных консонансов (унисона и октавы), осуществить ранжированное упорядочение частот всех остальных консонансов по степени их близости (удаления) к основным.The technical result of the invention is the creation of more advanced and developed means of musical expression in terms of the subtlety of the melodic pattern and the accuracy of the harmonic combination of sounds as the basis for the synthesis of sound images and the creation of music directly. In particular, a way of building consonances through a relationship

allows, having rational values of the main consonances (unison and octave), to carry out a ranked ordering of the frequencies of all other consonances according to the degree of their proximity (removal) to the main ones.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of synthesizing musical sound images, which consists in constructing sound scales that provide melodic formation and a harmonious combination of sound frequencies, followed by combining the frequencies of these sound scales with a predetermined error into one temperate scale, while the sound scale, providing melodic formation of sounds, carried out according to the law 2 ^{i / s} , where i is the number of notes in octave; s is the number of notes in the octave of the scale.

а температурные звукоряды получают совмещением звукорядов, исходя из соотношения:

где Q - коэффициент погрешности, задаваемый в диапазоне 5 - 20,
при этом для синтеза музыкальных звукообразов используют по крайней мере один темперированный звукоряд.Distinctive features of the proposed method are that when constructing scales providing a harmonious combination of sound frequencies, the initial frequencies (m / n) ν and (p / q) ν of each octave are set, where m, p, n, q are natural numbers, ν - the main frequency of the construction of scale, the construction of scale is carried out according to the law of frequency distribution

and temperature scale is obtained by combining scale based on the ratio:

where Q is the error coefficient specified in the range 5 - 20,
at the same time, at least one temperament scale is used for the synthesis of musical sound images.

а темперированные звукоряды разбивают на основные и дополнительные группы, количество нот в октаве звукоряда дополнительных групп темперированных звукорядов выбирают кратными количеству нот в октаве звукоряда одной или нескольких основных групп темперированных звукорядов. При этом основная группа темперированных звукорядов включает звукоряды с количеством нот в октаве, 12, 17, 19, 22, 29, 31, 41 и 53, а дополнительная группа темперированных звукорядов включает звукоряды с количеством нот в октаве, 68 - 1000000.In addition, the values of (m + p) are selected by non-multiple values of (n + q), and

and temperamental scales are divided into main and additional groups, the number of notes in the octave of the scale of additional groups of temperamental scales is selected as a multiple of the number of notes in the octave of the scale of one or more main groups of temperaled scales. In this case, the main group of temperamented scales includes scales with the number of notes in an octave, 12, 17, 19, 22, 29, 31, 41 and 53, and an additional group of temperamental scales includes scales with the number of notes in an octave, 68 - 1,000,000.

 The drawing shows a diagram of the implementation of the method, which is as follows.

причем должно выполняться соотношение

а значение числителя (m + p) не должно быть кратно значению знаменателя (n + q).At the first stage, a lot of temperamented scales are created in the following sequence of steps:
1. Build scales that perform the functions of a harmonious combination of sounds. Two any values of the frequency (m / n) ν and (p / q) ν are set and all subsequent values of the octave fission frequencies are obtained from the condition

moreover, the relation

and the numerator value (m + p) should not be a multiple of the denominator value (n + q).

причем коэффициент погрешности Q задают в диапазоне 5 - 20. Для каждой ступени i находятся все частоты звукоряда вида

согласно соотношению

3. Из всего множества темперированных звукорядов отбирают основную их группу с взаимно-некратными значениями S_О, т.е. S_О = 12, 17, 19, 22, 29, 31, 41, 53..2. The number of notes in the octave = S = 5, 6, 7, ..., 1,000,000 is set, and for each stage of the scale, from i = 1 to i = S they vary with the values m, n, p, q in natural numbers. The quantum 2 ^{i / s of the} melodic scale and the alignment error are determined

moreover, the error coefficient Q is set in the range 5 - 20. For each stage i, all frequencies of the scale are

according to the ratio

3. From the whole set of temperamented sound scales their main group is selected with mutually non-multiple values of S _O , ie S _O = 12, 17, 19, 22, 29, 31, 41, 53 ..

4. An additional group of tempered scales with S _D = 68 - 1,000,000 is selected from the conditions of multiplicity S _D and S _O.

 At the second stage, musical scales are created. Using the obtained frequencies of the tempered scale, they create tones of sounds, various melodies and harmonious accompaniment to them.

 The implementation of the proposed method allows you to expand the boundaries of expressiveness in sound synthesis due to the combined use of harmonic and melodic possibilities of various combinations of temperamented scale. At the same time, the user is given the opportunity to create more subtle melodic patterns of sound patterns while simultaneously obtaining more accurate harmonies of all frequency structures of sound patterns in comparison with the most famous musical systems with 12th, 17th, 22th notes in an octave.

Claims (5)

1. A method for synthesizing musical sound images, which consists in constructing sound scales that provide melodic formation and a harmonious combination of sound frequencies, followed by combining the frequencies of these sound scales with a given error into one temperate scale, while the sound scale providing melodic formation of sounds is carried out according to the law 2 ^{i / s,} where i - step room notes in an octave, s - number of notes in an octave of the scale, characterized in that the construction of scales providing a harmonious combination of frequency sounds backside source frequency t (m / n) ν and (p / q) ν each octave, where m, p, n, q - natural numbers, ν - constructing scales the fundamental frequency, the construction of scales performed in the frequency distribution law

and tempered scale is obtained by combining scale based on the ratio:

where Q is the error coefficient specified in the range 5 - 20,
at the same time, at least one temperament scale is used for the synthesis of musical sound images. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the values (m + p) are selected by multiple values (n + q), moreover

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tempered scales are divided into main and additional groups.  4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of notes in the octave of the scale of the additional groups of tempered scales is selected as a multiple of the number of notes in the octave of the scale of one or more main groups of temperate scales.  5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the main group of tempered scale consists of scale with the number of notes with an octave of 12, 17, 19, 22, 29, 31, 41 and 53.  6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the additional group of temperamented scale includes scale with the number of notes in an octave of 68 ... 1,000,000.