RU2130002C1 - Plant for processing organic-origin wastes into organomineral fertilizers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fertilizers production. SUBSTANCE: installation has reactor mixer, boiling layer apparatus, loading device with connecting pipe, ripper mounted on the wall of drying chamber under delivering end of the connecting pipe of loading device, and, additionally, installation is provided with separators for solid inclusions, transportation unit, organic waste-feeding unit, formalin- feeding and formalin-dosage units, first organic waste-formalin mixing unit, urea hopper-batcher and urea transportation device, four hopper- batchers for solid components and second solid component-mixing unit, pressure heat carrier fan, tail fan, cyclone, and fuel-combustion device. Reactor mixer in its original part in the direction of product displacement is provided with two admission hoppers and the second mixing-unit is provided, over displacement direction, with four admission hoppers. Solid inclusion separator outlet directed through transportation and organics-supply units is connected with the first mixing unit inlet, to which formalin-dosage device outlet and organics- supply unit outlet are connected. EFFECT: enhanced economical efficiency of process and extended application area. 5 cl, 18 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a technology for the production of fertilizers based on organic waste (manure, litter, sewage sludge) and can be used in livestock and pig enterprises, poultry farms, urban wastewater treatment plants, small farms in large farms.

 A device is known that allows processing organic waste with a moisture content of not more than 30% by treating them in a mixer with a pre-prepared urea-formaldehyde solution, followed by drying of the product in a drum dryer and its classification. The resulting product contains 13 - 15% nitrogen and is used as a protein concentrate in cattle feed [1].

The disadvantage of this device is the cumbersome apparatus design of the process and low productivity due to the small moisture removal from 1 m ^{3 of the} dryer - not more than 60 - 80 kg / (m ³ • h).

 There is also a method of producing organic fertilizer, including mixing organic waste with formalin, urea, phosphorus and potassium-containing components and the target additive, passing an electric current through the reaction mass, followed by loosening and drying of the product [2].

 The closest to the proposal in terms of technical essence and the tasks to be solved is a device for producing granular (bulk) organic-mineral fertilizers containing a mixer reactor, a fluidized bed apparatus with a cylindrical or plane-conical drying chamber, a granulator (ripper), the feed end of the reactor-mixer housing being introduced inside the drying chamber of the fluidized bed apparatus in its peripheral zone, and the ripper is mounted on the wall of the drying chamber under the supply end of the reactor-mixer housing, while the ripper olnen as two identical parallel shafts mounted with radial teeth [3].

 These device and method have the following disadvantage - they do not generally allow a sufficiently economical processing of organic waste into organic fertilizers and have a narrow scope, limited by relatively uniform waste composition.

 The aim of the invention is to achieve a relatively more economical processing of organic waste into organic fertilizers and expanding the scope.

 The goal is achieved in that the installation for the processing of organic waste into organic fertilizers, including a reactor-mixer, fluidized bed apparatus, an inlet device with a nozzle, a cultivator, which is mounted on the wall of the drying chamber under the feed end of the inlet of the inlet device, unlike the prototype, is additionally equipped with a separator of solid inclusions from organic waste, nodes of transportation and supply of organic waste, a device for feeding and dosing formalin, the first node mixing organic waste with formalin, a urea dosing hopper and its conveying device, four solid component dosing hoppers and a second solid component mixing unit, a pressure fan for supplying coolant, a tail fan, a cyclone and a fuel-burning device, while the mixer reactor is equipped with the beginning along the movement of the product with two receiving hoppers, and the second mixing unit is equipped with four along the moving receiving hoppers, the output of the solid separator is on through the nodes of transportation and supply of organic matter is connected to the input of the first mixing unit, to which the output of the formalin dosing device is connected, and the output of the organic supply unit, while the outputs of the first mixing unit and the urea transporting device are connected to the first hopper of the mixer, and to the second hopper the mixer reactor is connected to the output of the second mixing unit, the four receiving hoppers of which are connected to the outputs of the metering hoppers of the corresponding solid components, while the separator of solid inclusions is made it is in the form of two (receiving and outputting) hoppers pressed against each other by the lateral sides, inside of which there is a pipe-case with an auger with a drive located inside it, and a longitudinal hole is made in the lower part of the pipe-case located in the receiving hopper, and part the housing-pipe located in the output hopper is perforated, the free end of the pipe-housing is brought out of the output hopper and is closed by a shutter pressed to the free end of the pipe-housing with a spring, while the first the th mixing unit is made in the form of a metering hopper, the casing of which in a vertical cross section is made V-shaped and equipped with a nozzle, a screw, two shafts with knives placed on them, an additional knife, while the coupler is connected to one of the end faces of the V-shaped case in its lower part, the screw is located in the lower part of the body and inside the nozzle, two shafts and blades-knives are placed in a horizontal plane above the screw and symmetrically relative to it, while along the length of the shafts the blades-knives of one shaft are offset relative to of the blades of the other shaft by the amount of technological clearance, and the length of the blades of the knife is chosen less than the distance between the corresponding shaft and the screw, but more than half the distance between the shafts, and the additional knife is made in the form of a two-bladed propeller, placed on the outside of the free end of the nozzle and rigidly connected with the free end of the screw, while on the opposite side of the nozzle the ends of the shafts and auger are brought out of the housing and connected to a drive that provides translational movement of the auger blades and counter e rotation of the shafts, while the mixer reactor is made of twin-screw, self-cleaning, with counter-rotation of the screws, the feed part of the housing of the twin-screw reactor-mixer is made of dielectric material, electrically conductive plates of corrosion-resistant material are located on the inner sides of the feed part of the twin-screw reactor-mixer, connected to an AC voltage source, while the length of the plates is made smaller than the dielectric part of the housing of the twin-screw reactor-mixer, moreover, the supply part of the housing of the twin-screw reactor-mixer is connected to the nozzle of the input device of the fluidized bed apparatus.

 The goal is also achieved by the fact that, in contrast to the prototype, the input device containing the nozzle is equipped with a grill, two half shafts, two knives made in the form of a two-bladed propeller, a U-shaped casing and a separating flap, while the grill is made equal to half the height of the internal vertical size the nozzle of the input device and is rigidly attached to its upper part; in the nodes of the lattice, the axle shafts are freely placed, which are rigidly connected to the corresponding ends of the screws of the twin-screw mixer, and knives are placed at the free ends of the half shafts, and the knife blades are made equal in length to the free distance between the sides of the half shafts, the free end of the nozzle being covered by a U-shaped casing, to the front vertical part of which on the eyes there is a free (hinged) separating shutter made in in the form of a U-shaped plate equipped with rods of elastic corrosion-resistant material fixed in the horizontal part of the U-shaped plate, with the distance between the inner sides and the sides of the nearest rods are made wider than the width of one tooth of the ripper shaft, the ripper shafts are located on the inner wall of the fluidized bed apparatus below the nozzle of the input device, while the separating damper is located above the middle of the fluidized layer of the ripper shaft near the center of the apparatus so that the ends of its rods are located opposite the troughs this shaft ripper.

 The goal is also achieved by the fact that in the installation for processing organic waste into organic fertilizers, in contrast to the prototype, the pressure fan is equipped with an expanding diffuser and additional (by the number of fuel-burning devices) variable cross-section pipes placed inside the diffuser with a large cross-section towards the pressure inlet fan, and fuel-burning devices are placed inside additional branches.

 The goal is also achieved by the fact that in the installation for processing organic waste into organic fertilizers, in contrast to the prototype, the drive of the first mixing unit is made in the form of gears located at the ends of the shafts outside the housing and engaged in gearing, the leading gear is fixed on the end of one shaft after the gear an asterisk, which is connected by a sleeve-roller chain with a driven sprocket mounted on the end of the screw, after the leading sprocket on the end of this shaft, a driven pulley is connected, connected to a linear belt with a drive pulley located on the motor shaft under the housing of the first mixing unit.

 The goal is also achieved by the fact that in the installation for processing organic waste into organic fertilizers, in contrast to the prototype, the output device of the fluidized bed apparatus is equipped with a shutter placed inside the apparatus and overlapping the inlet of the output device, while the stem is rigidly connected to the shutter out of the apparatus.

 In FIG. 1 presents a general schematic technological diagram of the installation.

 In FIG. 2 shows the basic design of the separator of solid inclusions from organic waste.

 In FIG. 3a, b, c, d, e shows the first unit for mixing organic waste with formalin.

 In FIG. 4a, b, c, d shows the feeding part of the housing of a twin-screw reactor-mixer.

 In FIG. 5a, b, c shows a fluidized bed apparatus.

 In FIG. 6a, b, c, d shows the assembly unit of the fluidized bed apparatus.

 A plant for processing organic waste into organic fertilizers consists of a separator of solid inclusions from organic waste 1, a transporting unit 2, a feeding unit 3, a first unit for mixing organic waste with formalin 4, a device consisting of a pressure tank 5 and a formalin dosing unit 6, dosing formalin , a urea metering hopper 7, a urea transporting device 8, metering hoppers 9, 10, 11, 12, a second mixing unit 13 with four receiving hoppers, a mixing reactor 14 with receiving bins ceramics 15 and 16 and from the supply portion of the housing 17, the fluidized bed apparatus 18, the discharge fan 19, an expanding diffuser with fuel burning device 20, cyclone 21, fan 22 and tail.

 The separator of solid inclusions from organic waste (see Fig. 2) contains a receiving hopper 23, a rigidly connected output hopper 24, a pipe-case 25. A longitudinal opening 26 is made in the lower part of the pipe-case located in the receiving hopper, and part the pipe-case located in the output hopper is perforated with holes 27. The free end of the pipe-case is brought out of the output hopper and is blocked by a shutter 28, the amount of pressure of which to the end is determined by a spring 29, one end of which is connected to tray, and the other end is connected to the wall of the hopper 24.

 Inside the nozzle body 25, a screw 30 is placed, driven in rotation by a drive (not shown).

 The outlet opening of the hopper 23 is closed from below by a lid 31.

 The first unit for mixing organic waste with formalin (see Fig. 3) is made in the form of a metering hopper, the casing 32 of which is vertically sectioned V-shaped. A nozzle 33 is rigidly connected to one of the end sides of the lower part of the housing 32. A screw 34 is placed inside the lower part of the housing and in the nozzle 33, the outer end of which is provided with a knife 35 rigidly connected to the screw, made in the form of a two-bladed propeller.

 Above the screw 34 inside the housing 32 in a plane parallel to the horizon, and parallel to the screw 34, two shafts 36 and 37 are installed at equal distances from the screw, on which the blade blades 38 and 39 are respectively mounted rigidly along their length. and 37 the knives of one shaft (see Fig. 3, d) are offset relative to the knives of the other shaft by the amount of technological clearance. In this case, the length of the knives is chosen to be less than the distance between the shaft and the screw, but more than half the distance between the shafts 36 and 37.

 The ends of the shafts 36 and 37 from the side of the pipe 33 are installed in the bearing units (not shown) and does not extend beyond the housing 32.

 The second ends of the shafts 36 and 37 from the opposite pipe 33 of the side of the housing 32 through the bearing assemblies are displayed outside the hopper. A gear 40 is mounted on the output end of the shaft 37, and a gear 41 is mounted on a similar end of the shaft 36. The gears 40 and 41 are engaged with each other.

 Behind the gear 41 at the outer end of the shaft 37 is a drive sprocket 42.

 At the end of the screw 34 withdrawn from the hopper 32, a driven sprocket 43 is placed.

 Sprockets 42 and 43 are connected by a sleeve-roller chain 44.

 Behind the sprocket 42, a driven pulley 45 is placed at the free end of the shaft 37. A driving pulley 46 is located at the end of the shaft of the engine 47 located under the hopper 32.

 Pulleys 45 and 46 are connected by a V-belt 48.

 The end part 17 (see Fig. 1) of the twin-screw reactor-mixer housing (feed part of the reactor-mixer housing) (see Fig. 4) is made of dielectric material.

 At the same time, the housing 49 of part 17 repeats the shape of the cross-sectional shape of the reactor-mixer housing 14 (see Fig. 1), but unlike the latter made of stainless steel, the supply part of the housing is made, for example, of fiberglass and equipped with two flanges 50 51.

 Inside the reactor vessel 49 of the mixer, along its lateral sides are two electrically conductive plates 52 and 53, made in the shape of the body (semicircle) of a twin-screw reactor-mixer of an electrically conductive, corrosion-resistant material (for example, stainless steel).

 From the electrodes 52 and 53, the electric leads 54 and 55, to which alternating voltage is supplied, are led outside the housing.

 The electrodes 52 and 53 are made with a length "l", less than the length "L" of the housing 49.

 The internal distance "a" between the electrodes 52 and 53 is made large by the distance "b" between the extreme lateral sides of the screws Ш1 and Ш2 of the twin-screw reactor-mixer 14 (see Fig. 4, b).

 The fluidized bed apparatus 18 (see Fig. 5), in addition to well-known parts and assemblies (a part is not indicated): a housing, a receiving chamber, a distribution and working grilles, a pressure fan 19, a fuel burning device 20, is equipped with a mixture input device 56 (Fig. 5, a). The fan 19 is provided with a diffuser 57 connected to a smaller base with a fan inlet. Inside the diffuser 57 there are additional diffusers 58 located expandable part in the direction of the suction inlet of the fan. Inside additional diffusers, fuel-burning devices 20 are placed (Fig. 5, b, c).

 The output device 59 is equipped with a shutter 60 located inside the apparatus 18 and overlapping the inlet of the output device 59. A rod 61 is connected to the shutter 60, which is brought out of the apparatus 18 (Fig. 5, b).

 Introductory device 56 (see. Fig. 5) consists of a pipe 62 (see. Fig. 6), rigidly installed in the casing of the fluidized bed apparatus. Inside the nozzle 62 is placed a grill 63 made in height equal to half the internal vertical size of the nozzle 62.

 The grill 63 (see Fig. 6, a) is installed inside the pipe 62 and is attached to its upper part using the bolt connection "B" (see Fig. 6, c).

 In the nodes of the lattice horizontally, symmetrically, at a distance equal to the center distance of the screws of the reactor-mixer 14 (see Fig. 1), bearings 64 and 65 are installed (Fig. 6).

 Axes 66 and 67 are missing inside the bearings 64 and 65, rigidly connected to the corresponding screws of the reactor-mixer 14.

 A knife 69 made in the form of a two-bladed propeller is rigidly placed on the free end of the half-axis 66 on the sleeve 68, and a similar knife 71 is rigidly located on the free end of the half-axis 67 on the sleeve 70.

 The blades of the knives 69 and 71 along the length are made equal to the free distance between the half-axes facing each other.

 The knives themselves 69 and 71 are located in planes with an offset of "c" (see Fig. 6, b), providing free rotation of the knives relative to each other.

 Knives 69 and 71 are placed outside the outer cut of the pipe 62.

 The outer section of the pipe 62 from the side of the inner part of the apparatus of the fluidized bed apparatus 18 (see Fig. 1) is freely covered by a U-shaped casing 72 (see Fig. 6), rigidly attached to the inner wall of the fluidized bed apparatus.

 On bearings 73 and 74, rigidly connected to the casing 72, in the vertical plane of the front of the casing 72, a separating flap 75 is pivotally arranged in the form of a flat U-shaped plate, between the sides of which in the vertical plane there are rods 76 fixed in the horizontal part P -shaped plates and made of an elastic corrosion-resistant material, for example, stainless steel wire (see Fig. 6, g).

 A ripper is located under the outer cut of the nozzle 62.

 The lower shaft 77 of the ripper is installed under the shutter 75, and the upper shaft 78 of the ripper is installed under the knives 69 and 71.

 It should be noted that the distances "d" between the axes of the rods 76 must be made equal to the distance between the centers of the valleys of the ripper shaft. In this case, the shutter 75 should be placed so that the lower ends of the rods are located opposite the hollows of the shaft 77. Moreover, the distance "k" between the inner sides of the rods should be made wider than the width of one tooth of the shaft 77.

 The principle of operation of the installation is as follows.

 At the entrance (to the receiving hopper) of the separator of solid inclusions (see Fig. 1, item 1) organic waste (litter, manure) is fed. In this separator, solid components (stones, bark, chips, etc.) are separated from organic waste.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the receiving hopper 23 of the separator (see Fig. 2) organic waste is captured by the screw 30 through the lower hole 26 of the housing-pipe 25, and solid heavy inclusions settle on the bottom of the hopper 23 and are subsequently removed from it periodically during removal lids 31.

 The organic waste captured by the screw 30 is transported along the pipe body 25 to the perforated section with openings 27. In this case, solid inclusions (chips, large feathers, etc.) are moved to the shutter 28 and rest against it, and the organic waste cleaned of impurities is forced through the openings 27 into output hopper 24.

 Since the screw 30 continuously delivers solid inclusions in the waste to the valve 28, the latter begin to press on the valve 28. When this elastic pressure of the spring 29 is exceeded, the valve 28 begins to open and is installed in a new (open) position, in which the pressure developed by the solid inclusions due to the rotation of the screw 30, is balanced by the force of the stretching spring 29. In this case, the solid inclusions are removed outside the separator and fall into a special collection (not shown).

 Organic waste purified from solid inclusions with the help of units 2 and 3 (see Fig. 1) goes to the first unit 4 with formalin entering the mixing unit and the pressure tank 5 using the batcher 6. In unit 4, the organic waste is intensively mixed with formalin and homogenizing the resulting mixture. This is due to the fact (see Fig. 3) that the organic waste entering the hopper 32 of the first mixing unit 4 (see Fig. 1) is intensively crushed and mixed with knives 38 and 39 of the shafts 36 and 37 (see Fig. 3) .

 At the same time, due to the close arrangement, the knives of different shafts crush the extended inclusions remaining in the organic waste that have passed through the openings 27 of the separator (see Fig. 2). Such inclusions may include feathers, straw, and hay residues trapped in organic waste when feeding animals. Mix with the fact that due to the intensive mixing of organic waste with formalin, formalin penetrates deeply into organic waste and their interaction. Already at this stage, free ammonia, mercaptans and other badly odorous substances bind, and the pathogenic microflora of organic waste and helminth eggs are destroyed. After this, the mixture of organic waste with formalin due to the screw 34 enters the pipe 33, at the outlet of which it is cut with a knife 35. This allows to achieve its uniform and metered supply to the first (see Fig. 1) in the direction of product transfer, the receiving hopper 15 of the reactor mixer 14.

 At the same time, urea from the metering hopper 7 enters the hopper 15 through the transporting device 8.

 In the second in the direction of movement, the receiving hopper 16 of the reactor-mixer 14 is fed from the second mixing 13 (screw, chain conveyors, etc.) the mixture formed from the components supplied to the conveying unit 13 from the hopper-batchers 9, 10, 11 and 12. Thanks of this sequence in the reactor-mixer 14 at the first moment of time, a mixture of organics and formalin with urea is mixed with the formation of a three-component mixture. Subsequently, this mixture after the hopper 16 in the reactor-mixer is mixed with a mixture of mineral components and enters the feed part 17 of the reactor-mixer, to the electrodes 52 and 53 of which (see Fig. 4) an alternating voltage is applied. As a result of this, a mixture of organics with other components is continuously exposed to electric current and turns into a product suitable for further transformations. After this, the product enters through the feed opening of the reactor-mixer (see Fig. 5 and 6) into the input device 56 of the fluidized bed apparatus 18.

 In the input device (see Fig. 6), the organics moves to the outer section of the pipe 62, where they are crushed with knives 69 and 71, which ensures uniform flow of the mixture to the shafts 77 and 78 of the cultivator.

 Cut off by knives 69 and 71, the mixture initially enters the shaft 78 (see Fig. 6, a), the teeth of which partially grind the mixture and feed it through the lumens of the shutter 75 (see Fig. 6, d) inside the fluidized bed apparatus 18. In this case parts of the mixture exceeding in cross section the clearance between the rods 76 of the shutter 75 are delayed by the shutter. This allows the teeth of the shaft 77 to complete the grinding of these parts and direct them into the apparatus in the form of small pieces.

 Inside the fluidized bed apparatus, small pieces of the mixture fall into the jets of the first heated by means of a fuel-burning device 20 and supplied to the apparatus by air fan 19 and are subjected to intensive drying.

 When you open (see Fig. 5, b) the shutter 60 using the rod 61, dried particles of the mixture, converted into bulk organic fertilizers, are removed from the apparatus of the fluidized bed 18 using the output device 59 and served for packing or warehousing in bulk.

 The described installation has been tested on a pilot scale with a finished product productivity of up to 350 kg / h and has shown the high cost-effectiveness of this hardware design of the technological process.

 The installation was tested on various types of raw materials: poultry manure with a moisture content of 65 to 85%, cattle manure with a moisture content of 70 - 80%, and solid pig manure with a moisture content of 70 - 75%.

 The energy consumption on average does not exceed 100 kW of electricity and 100 kg of fuel to produce 1 ton of absolutely dry organic fertilizer, which is much more economical than the known methods and devices for drying organic waste.

Sources of information:
1. Koltynin Yu.A., Sterkin I.V. In the footsteps of Hercules. - M .: Kolos, 1983, 191 p.

 2. Auth. St. USSR N 1765647, class F 26 B 17/10, C 05 F 3/00 dated 06/01/92 by O. Tarhanova

 3. Patent N 1792409, cl. C 05 F 3/00 from 01.10.92 authors Tarkhanova O.V. and Tarkhanova L.S.

Claims (5)

 1. Installation for processing organic waste into organic fertilizers, including a reactor-mixer, fluidized bed apparatus, an inlet device with a nozzle, a cultivator that is mounted on the wall of the drying chamber under the nozzle of the inlet device, characterized in that the installation is additionally equipped with a separator of solid inclusions from organic waste, units of transportation and supply of organic waste, a device for feeding and dosing formalin, the first unit of mixing organic waste with formalin ohm, a urea dosing hopper and a transporting device, four dosing hoppers for solid components and a second mixing unit for solid components, a pressure fan for supplying coolant, a tail fan, a cyclone and a fuel-burning device, while the reactor-mixer is equipped at the beginning along the movement product with two receiving hoppers, and the second mixing unit is equipped with four receiving hoppers in the direction of travel, the output of the solids separator through the transportation and supply nodes the busbar is connected to the input of the first mixing unit, to which the output of the formalin dosing device is connected, and the output of the organic supply unit, while the outputs of the first mixing unit and the urea transporting device are connected to the first hopper of the mixer, and the output is connected to the second hopper of the mixer reactor the second mixing unit, the four receiving hoppers of which are connected to the outputs of the metering hoppers of the corresponding solid components, while the separator of solid inclusions is made in the form of two (receiving and output), etc. pressed to each other by the lateral sides of the hoppers, inside of which there is a pipe-case with a screw located inside it, and in the lower part of the pipe-case located in the first (receiving) hopper, a longitudinal hole is made, and part of the pipe-case located in the second hopper (output), made perforated, the free end of the nozzle-housing is outside the second hopper and is blocked by a shutter pressed to the free end of the nozzle-housing using a spring, while the first mixing unit is made in the form of a hopper a-dispenser, the casing of which in vertical cross section is V-shaped and equipped with a nozzle, a screw, two shafts with blades-knives placed on them, an additional knife, the nozzle being connected to one of the end faces of the V-shaped housing in its lower part , the auger is located in the lower part of the body and inside the nozzle, two shafts with blades-knives are placed in a horizontal plane above the auger and symmetrically relative to it, while along the length of the shafts the blades-knives of one shaft are offset relative to the blades-knives of another by the size of the technological gap, and the length of the blades-knives is chosen less than the distance between the corresponding shaft and the screw, but more than half the distance between the shafts, and the additional knife is made in the form of a two-bladed propeller, placed on the outside of the free end of the nozzle and rigidly connected to the free end of the screw, at the same time, from the opposite side pipe, the ends of the shafts and auger are brought out of the housing and connected to a drive that provides translational movement of the auger blades and counter-rotation of the shafts, while the reactor-mixer is made of twin-screw, self-cleaning, with counter-rotation of the screws, the feed part of the housing of the reactor-mixer is made of dielectric material, on the inner sides of the supply part of the twin-screw reactor-mixer are electrically conductive plates of corrosion-resistant material connected to an AC voltage source, wherein the length of the plates is made shorter than the dielectric part of the housing of the twin-screw reactor-mixer, and the feed part of the reactor c mixer is connected to the nozzle of the input device of the fluidized bed apparatus.  2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the input device containing the nozzle is equipped with a grill, two half shafts, two knives made in the form of a two-bladed propeller, a U-shaped casing and a separating flap, while the grill is made equal to half the height of the inner vertical the size of the nozzle of the input device and is rigidly attached in its upper part; in the nodes of the lattice, half-axles are freely placed, which are rigidly connected to the corresponding ends of the screws of the twin-screw reactor-mixer, and at the free ends semi-axes are placed knives, and the length of the knife blades is equal to the free distance between the sides of the semi-axes, and the free end of the nozzle is covered by a U-shaped casing, to the front vertical part of which on the eyes there is a free (hinged) separating shutter made in the form of П -shaped plate, equipped with rods of elastic corrosion-resistant material, fixed in the horizontal part of the U-shaped plate, while the distance between the inner sides of the near The main rods are made wider than the width of one tooth of the ripper shaft, the ripper shafts are located on the inner wall of the fluidized bed apparatus below the nozzle of the input device, while the separating damper is located above the middle of the fluidized layer of the ripper shaft nearest to the center of the apparatus so that the ends of its rods are located opposite the hollows of this shaft cultivator.  3. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure fan is equipped with an expanding diffuser and additional nozzles, according to the number of fuel-burning devices of variable cross-section, located inside the diffuser with a large cross-section towards the suction opening of the pressure fan, and the fuel-burning devices are placed inside additional pipes.  4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive of the first mixing unit is made in the form of gears located at the ends of the shafts outside the housing and engaged gears, a drive sprocket is rigidly mounted on the end of one shaft after the gear, which is connected by a sleeve-roller chain to the drive an asterisk mounted on the end of the screw, after the leading asterisk on the end of this shaft is a driven pulley connected by a V-belt with a driving pulley placed on the motor shaft under the housing of the first mixing unit.  5. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the output device of the fluidized bed apparatus is provided with a shutter placed inside the apparatus and overlapping the inlet of the output device.

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