RU2124178C1 - Method of destruction of ice cover - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ice- breaking equipment. SUBSTANCE: method consists in the fact that several charges are placed under ice, which are blasted in time intervals equal to the time of passage of flexural- gravitational wave from the point of burst of the previous charge to the point of burst of the subsequent charge. Additionally installed on ice are explosive charges that are blasted simultaneously with the blast of the charges installed under the ice cover. Each charge located on the ice cover is installed at a distance from the charge located under the ice cover equal to half the length of flexural- gravitational wave. The description gives the dependence for calculation of flexural-gravitational wavelength. EFFECT: increased amplitude of flexural-gravitational wave, enhanced efficiency of destruction of ice cover by bursts. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of ice engineering, in particular for blasting.

 A known method of destruction of the ice cover, including the installation under ice at a distance from each other explosive charges and their detonation. To increase the efficiency of ice destruction by explosions, the charges are detonated alternately, each of the subsequent charges being detonated with a time interval equal to the transit time of the peak of the flexural-gravitational wave (IGW) from the place of the explosion of the previous charge (V.M. Kozin et al. cover "A.S. N 1820188 according to the application N 4931705/23 (036059)).

 The disadvantage of this method is that during blasting operations to increase the ice-breaking ability of IGW, only the energy of direct movement of water and ice cover is accumulated, i.e. oscillatory motion directed upward against the force of gravity. The energy accumulation of the reverse downward movement in the direction of gravity does not occur with the known method, i.e. the possibility of increasing the energy of IGV is not fully utilized.

 The essence of the invention is to increase the efficiency of destruction of the ice sheet by explosions.

 The technical result obtained by the implementation of the invention is to increase the amplitude of the IHV excited by the detonation of explosive charges.

 The essential features characterizing the invention.

 Restrictive: explosive charges are set under the ice cover at a distance from each other, which are alternately detonated with a time interval equal to the transit time of the IGV peak from the place where the previous charge was detonated to the location of the next explosive charge.

 Distinctive: each underwater charge is undermined simultaneously with one of the corresponding surface charges installed on the ice cover in the same quantity and order as the underwater charges, at a distance from the corresponding underwater charge equal to half the length of the bending-gravitational wave λ. .

где D,ρ_в - - цилиндрическая жесткость ледяной пластины и плотность воды соответственно;
g - ускорение силы тяжести (см.Д.Е.Хайсин "Динамика ледяного покрова". Л.1967., стр.147).

where D, ρ _в - is the cylindrical stiffness of the ice plate and the density of water, respectively;
g - acceleration of gravity (see D.E.Haysin "Dynamics of the ice cover. L.1967., p. 147).

 The achievement of the required technical result is achieved by increasing the ice-breaking ability of the IGW by accumulating the energy of the oscillatory process both at the top and at the bottom of the wave.

 The method is as follows.

 Under the ice sheet at a distance from each other, several explosive charges are set. The same number of charges and in the same sequence is set on the ice cover, and each surface charge is laid on ice at a distance of λ / 2 from the corresponding underwater charge. Then carry out simultaneous undermining of the first pair of underwater and corresponding surface charges. The second and subsequent pairs are eroded with an interval of time equal to the transit time of the top of the IHV from the place of detonation of the previous underwater charge to the location of the next underwater charge.

 The action of a surface explosion in the direction coincides with the action of gravitational forces, and its removal at a distance of λ / 2 from the underwater charge and their simultaneous detonation excite two wave systems in the ice sheet that favorably interfere with each other, i.e. rock the ice cover in resonance mode. This allows you to accumulate the energy of bending vibrations with greater efficiency. As a result, a higher altitude IGV will be suitable for the second underwater charge. Undermining the next pair of charges will lead to a further increase in amplitude and, consequently, to an additional increase in the ice-breaking ability of the IGW. The invention is illustrated graphically, where in FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of charges. In FIG. 2, the principle of the sequence of charge detonation is explained.

Причем каждому подводному заряду соответствует свой надводный, который укладывается на расстоянии λ/2 от подводного (см. фиг. 1). После этого осуществляют одновременный подрыв первой пары зарядов

Вторую пару

так же как и последующие подрывают с интервалом времени, равным временем прохождения вершины ИГВ от места подрыва предыдущего подводного заряда от места расположения следующего подводного заряда τ.
τ = L/v,
где
L - расстояние между зарядами:
V - резонансная скорость ИГВ.Under the ice sheet 1 in water 2 at a distance L from each other, set underwater charges of explosives C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , .... On top of the ice sheet in the same quantity and in the same order set surface charges

Moreover, each underwater charge corresponds to its surface, which fits at a distance of λ / 2 from the underwater (see Fig. 1). After this, the first pair of charges is simultaneously blown up.

Second pair

as well as the subsequent ones, they are undermined with a time interval equal to the transit time of the IGV peak from the place of undermining the previous underwater charge from the location of the next underwater charge τ.
τ = L / v,
Where
L - distance between charges:
V is the resonant velocity of the IGW.

где
D - цилиндрическая жесткость ледяной пластины,
ρ_в - плотность воды,
H - глубина водоема.For deep water
v = 1.33 (Dg ³ / ρ _in ) ^1/8 ,
for shallow water

Where
D is the cylindrical stiffness of the ice plate,
ρ _in - the density of water,
H is the depth of the reservoir.

Claims (2)

 1. The method of destruction of the ice cover, including the installation of explosive charges under ice and their alternate detonation with a time interval equal to the time of passage of the flexural-gravitational wave from the place where the previous one was blown up to the place where the subsequent charges were blown, characterized in that explosive charges are additionally installed over the ice cover substances and undermine them at the same time undermining the charges established under the ice cover.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each explosive charge located above the ice cover is set at a distance from each charge located under the ice cover equal to half the length of the bending-gravitational wave.

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