RU2121218C1 - High-voltage pulse generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: high- voltage pulse engineering. SUBSTANCE: generator has grounded electrode that forms stepped line built up of at least two series-connected sections of homogeneous lines with distributing parameters of equal electrical length. Inner space of second section of stepped line accommodates high-voltage electrode dividing it into two homogeneous lines. Power supply and air gap are inserted between high-voltage and grounded electrodes; air gap is placed at junction point between first and second sections of stepped line. Parallel-connected resistive load and current chopper are connected to output of stepped line. Parallel-connected current supply and air gap are inserted in series with grounded electrode. Wave impedances of first and second sections of stepped line are chosen from proposed equations. High-efficiency square pulse with its voltage much higher than generator charging voltage is shaped across resistive load. Bulk of energy is stored in generator in the form of magnetic field. EFFECT: provision for eliminating pre-pulse voltage across generator output when square pulse is shaped across resistive load; reduced requirements to generator electric strength for similar full energy storage. 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of high-voltage pulse technology and can be used in electrophysical installations to produce high-power high-voltage pulses, for example, to generate charged particle beams (10 ⁵ -10 ⁷ B, 10 ³ -10 ⁶ A, 10 ^-7 -10 ^-8 c) .

The known generator [l, fig. 2a], containing two electrodes forming a stepped line (SL), made in the form of series-connected segments of homogeneous lines with distributed parameters of the same electric length T ₀ , a first current chopper and a current source connected in series between the electrodes at the input of the SL, the resistive load and the second current chopper connected in parallel to the output of the SL. When you turn on the first current chopper as a result of wave processes at the optimal ratio of wave impedances
Z _i = Z _l • 2 / [i (i + l)],
Where
i = 1, 2, ...., n is the line segment number counted from the trunk input;
n is the total number of line segments in the trunk;
Z _i - wave impedance of the line segment number i;
the energy stored initially in many segments in the form of a magnetic field is completely concentrated on the output of the SL. The second current chopper is turned on with a delay of time nT ₀ with respect to the moment the first chopper is turned on. At a matched load Z _n = Z _n , a single rectangular voltage pulse of 2T ₀ duration is formed, during which energy is completely transferred to the load. The current in the coordinated mode of operation exceeds the initial current I _{0 by} n / 2 times, the addition of each additional segment to the SL increases the current by the value I _0/2 . Since the load is connected to the SL output when the second current chopper is opened at the time of the arrival of the first electromagnetic wave from the first current chopper, there is no pre-pulse voltage at the generator output.

 The disadvantage of the generator is the lack of such an optimal ratio of wave impedances, in which, in the ideal case, maintaining 100% efficiency, it would be possible to increase the voltage at the load. In the found version, the voltage at the matched load is (n + 1) times less than the voltage occurring at the input of the SL when the first current breaker is turned on, and its value decreases with increasing number of segments of the SL.

=Z_n•2/[n(3n-2)],
волновые сопротивления отрезков СЛ без высоковольтного электрода
Z_i=Z_n•2/[(n-i+1)(n-i+2)],
где
i=2,3,...., n - номер отрезка СЛ;
n - полное число отрезков линий в СЛ;
Z_i - волновое сопротивление отрезка линии с номером i.A high-voltage pulse generator was selected as a prototype [1, fig. 3b], containing a grounded electrode forming a step line shorted at the input (SL), made in the form of at least two series-connected segments of homogeneous lines with distributed parameters of the same electric length T ₀ , a high-voltage electrode placed in the inner volume of the second segment of the SL and separating it into two homogeneous lines, a voltage source and a first spark gap connected between the high-voltage and grounded electrodes, and the spark gap is located at the junction of the first and second section s trunk, a resistive load at the output of the SL. Under the action of the voltage source, two line segments near the high-voltage electrode are charged to voltage V ₀ , and the energy is stored in the generator in the form of an electric field. When the first spark gap is switched on as a result of wave processes, the energy is concentrated at the output of the SL. From the point of view of achieving maximum efficiency, the following wave resistance ratios are optimal:
wave resistance of the first segment of the SL
Z ₁ = Z _n 4 / [4 + 2)],
wave impedances of the segments formed by the high-voltage electrode in the second segment of the SL:
- with a spark gap Z ₂ = Z _n • 2 / [(n-1) (3n-2)],
- without arrester

= Z _n • 2 / [n (3n-2)],
wave impedances of SL segments without a high-voltage electrode
Z _i = Z _n • 2 / [(n-i + 1) (n-i + 2)],
Where
i = 2,3, ...., n is the number of the trunk segment;
n is the total number of line segments in the trunk;
Z _i - wave impedance of the line segment number i.

In the general case, voltage pulses of alternating polarity with a duration of 2T ₀ are formed at the output of the SL. Working is the second voltage pulse. The load is connected when the second spark gap is triggered with a delay of (n + 1) T ₀ with respect to the moment the first spark gap is turned on, that is, with a delay of 2T ₀ with respect to the moment the first electromagnetic wave arrives at the output of the generator. At a matched load Z _n = Z _n , a single voltage pulse is generated with a duration of 2T ₀ , during which all energy is transferred to the load. The voltage at the matched load exceeds the charging one by (3n-2) / 4 times, the inclusion of each additional segment in the SL composition increases the voltage in the matched mode by 0.75V ₀ .

 The disadvantage of the prototype is the presence at the output of the pre-pulse voltage generator before turning on the load, equal in amplitude and duration, but opposite in polarity to the voltage at the matched load. The presence of a significant pre-pulse voltage, which in this generator is a necessary condition for high efficiency, has negative consequences. Firstly, it is necessary to use a spark gap at the generator output, to which very high demands are made. It must withstand without breakdown a high pre-pulse voltage, and then, during a relatively short working pulse, skip all the initial energy stored in the generator. Therefore, in some cases, the limiting output parameters of the generator are determined by the possibility of a pre-pulse arrester. Secondly, despite the arrester, the pre-pulse voltage due to the presence of stray electric capacitances partially falls on the load, which in some cases is extremely undesirable. For example, when using a vacuum diode as a generator load, the pre-pulse voltage leads to the formation of a plasma in the accelerating gap, which significantly affects the characteristics of the diode during the working pulse and impairs the reproducibility of the output parameters of the generator from pulse to pulse.

 The technical result is the elimination of the pre-pulse voltage at the output of the generator when a rectangular voltage pulse is generated at a matched resistive load with high efficiency, the amplitude of which significantly exceeds the generator charging voltage. Additionally, this technical solution allows you to store a significant part of the energy in the generator in the form of a magnetic field, with the same total energy reserve reduces the requirements for the electric strength of the generator.

волновые сопротивления линий, образованных высоковольтным и заземленным электродами во втором отрезке ступенчатой линии, равны:

волновые сопротивления отрезков ступенчатой линии без высоковольтного электрода выбраны из соотношения

где
i=2,3,...., n - номер отрезка ступенчатой линии;
n - число отрезков ступенчатой линии;
α - отношение энергии, запасаемой первоначально в генераторе в виде электрического и в виде магнитного поля;
а отношение величины зарядного напряжения к величине начального тока в генераторе выбрано равным

Отсутствие предимпульсного напряжения на выходе генератора в режиме полной передачи энергии в согласованную нагрузку обеспечивается за счет предварительного создания в генераторе магнитного потока. С этой целью в генератор введены источник тока и прерыватель тока. Разрядник, включенный параллельно источнику тока, необходим для окончания отключения последнего от генератора до момента прихода к источнику первой электромагнитной волны. Оптимальные соотношения волновых сопротивлений (1)-(3), а также отношение величины зарядного напряжения к величине начального тока в генераторе (5) обеспечивают в ходе волновых процессов передачу энергии в нагрузку в течение короткого импульса длительностью 2T₀ с одновременным значительным повышением напряжения на нагрузке по сравнению с зарядным напряжением.The technical result is achieved by the fact that a high-voltage pulse generator containing a grounded electrode, forming a short-circuited at the input step line made in the form of series-connected segments of homogeneous lines with distributed parameters of the same electric length, a high-voltage electrode placed in the internal volume of the second segment of the SL and separating it into two homogeneous lines, a voltage source and a spark gap connected between the high-voltage and grounded electrodes, the spark gap azmeschen at the junction of the first and second segments of CO, the load on the output SL, parallel with the load output line speed breaker is included in the gap of the ground electrode includes a current source connected in parallel and the discharger, the wave resistance of the first line segment is equal to the step

wave impedances of lines formed by high-voltage and grounded electrodes in the second segment of the stepped line are:

wave impedances of segments of a stepped line without a high-voltage electrode are selected from the relation

Where
i = 2,3, ...., n is the number of the step line segment;
n is the number of segments of the stepped line;
α is the ratio of the energy stored initially in the generator in the form of electric and in the form of a magnetic field;
and the ratio of the magnitude of the charging voltage to the magnitude of the initial current in the generator is chosen equal to

The absence of a pre-pulse voltage at the generator output in the mode of complete energy transfer to the matched load is ensured by the preliminary creation of a magnetic flux in the generator. For this purpose, a current source and a current chopper are introduced into the generator. A spark gap connected in parallel with a current source is necessary to complete the disconnection of the latter from the generator until the first electromagnetic wave arrives at the source. The optimal ratios of wave resistances (1) - (3), as well as the ratio of the value of the charging voltage to the value of the initial current in the generator (5), provide during the wave processes the energy is transferred to the load during a short pulse of 2T ₀ duration with a simultaneous significant increase in voltage compared to charging voltage.

 The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the proposed high-voltage pulse generator, where 1 is a grounded electrode; 2 - current chopper; 3 - load; 4 - high voltage electrode; 5 - the first segment of the stepped line; 6, 7 — homogeneous lines formed by the high-voltage electrode 4 in the second segment of the stepped line, with and without a spark gap, respectively; 8 - voltage source; 9-arrester; 10 - current source; 11 - arrester to turn off the current source; 12 - the third segment of the stepped line.

Между высоковольтным 4 и заземленным электродом 1 включены источник напряжения 8 и разрядник 9, причем разрядник 9 размещен в месте соединения первого и второго отрезков ступенчатой линии. В разрыв заземленного электрода 1 в любом месте включены параллельно соединенные источник тока 10 и разрядник 11. Волновое сопротивление первого отрезка СЛ выбрано в соответствии с уравнением (1)

Волновые сопротивления линий 6 и 7, образованных высоковольтным электродом 4 во втором отрезке ступенчатой линии, Z₂ и

выбраны из соотношений (2) и (3) соответственно

Волновые сопротивления отрезков СЛ с номерами i=2,3,..., n выбраны из соотношения (4)

где
i=2,3,..., n - номер отрезка ступенчатой линии;
n - число отрезков ступенчатой линии;
α - отношение энергии, запасаемой первоначально в генераторе в виде электрического и в виде магнитного поля. Отношение величины зарядного напряжения к величине начального тока в генераторе выбрано равным

Генератор работает следующим образом. Под действием источника напряжения 8 осуществляется импульсная зарядка до напряжения V₀ электрической емкости двух отрезков 6 и 7 с импедансами Z₂ и

Энергия запасается в указанных отрезках в виде электрического поля. Одновременно под действием источника тока 10 в первоначально замкнутом контуре, образованном электродом 1 и прерывателем тока 2, создается ток I₀ и энергия запасается дополнительно во всем объеме ступенчатой линии в виде магнитного поля. Соотношение величин V₀ и I₀ выбрано в соответствии с уравнением (5) (полярность напряжения V₀ и направление тока I₀ выбираются таким образом, чтобы после включения разрядника 9 в линии 5 происходило уменьшение тока). Величины V₀ и I₀ определяются и фиксируются до начала зарядки генератора путем выбора использования соответствующих источников напряжения или тока, либо путем предварительного регулирования выходных параметров этих источников. При достижении максимального тока I₀ и максимального зарядного напряжения V₀ включается разрядник 9. Для дальнейшего анализа волновых процессов этот момент времени удобно обозначить как t=0 (разрядник 11, отсоединяющий источник тока 10 от СЛ, включается после достижения максимального тока I₀ до прихода к нему первой электромагнитной волны от разрядника 9, например в момент времени t=0). При включении разрядника 9 по линии 6 будет распространяться волна разрядки - V₀, после прохождения которой напряжение в линии 5 становится равным нулю. Одновременно по линии 5 побежит волна напряжения -V₀(2α+2n-3)/[2(α+n-1)], а по линии 7 - волна напряжения V₀/[2(α+n-1)]. Будем считать полярность напряжения положительной, если вектор напряженности электрического поля на рассматриваемом чертеже направлен снизу вверх. В момент времени t=T₀ волна, распространяющаяся по отрезку 5, достигает короткозамкнутого конца на выходе ступенчатой линии. После отражения полярность волны напряжения меняется на противоположную без изменения амплитуды. При прохождении волны от разрядника 9 отрезок 5 заряжается до напряжения -V₀(2α+2n-3)/[2(α+n-1)] и в нем создается ток -V₀[{(2α+2n-3)/[2(α+n-1)]}/Z₁= -I₀/2. В результате суммарный ток в линии становится равным I₀/2. После прохождения отраженной волны как напряжение, так и ток в отрезке 5 становятся равными нулю. В этот же момент времени (t= T₀) волны напряжения, распространяющие по отрезкам 6 и 7, приходят к месту их соединения с отрезком 12. В результате в отрезок 6 отразится волна напряжения

в отрезок 7 - волна напряжения

а в отрезок 12 пойдет волна

В момент времени t= 2T₀ происходит следующее. Волна напряжения, распространяющаяся по отрезку 6, отражается от короткозамкнутого разрядника 9 без изменения амплитуды, но с противоположной полярностью. В месте соединения отрезков 5 и 7 встречаются две волны. В результате в отрезок 5 пойдет волна

То есть в результате взаимной компенсации двух волн суммарная амплитуда отраженной волны равна нулю. Завершен процесс полного отбора энергии из отрезка 5. В отрезок пойдет волна напряжения

В этот же момент времени волна, распространяющаяся по отрезку 12, достигает места его соединения с отрезком, имеющим волновое сопротивление Z₄. В линию 12 отразится волна напряжения

В момент времени t=3T₀ к месту соединения отрезков 6, 7 и 12 приходят три волны:
по линии 6 - волна

по линии 7 - волна

и по линии 12 - волна

В результате суммарная амплитуда волн напряжения, отраженных в отрезок 6

и отрезок

равны нулю, а в линию 12 побежит волна напряжения

В момент времени 3T₀ завершается полный отбор энергии отрезков 5, 6, 7 и начинается отбор энергии из отрезка 12. Отбор энергии из остальных отрезков СЛ осуществляется аналогичным образом - первая электромагнитная волна начинает отбор энергии, а завершает этот процесс волна, приходящая со стороны разрядника 9 с задержкой 2T₀. В дальнейшем достаточно рассмотреть распространение по ступенчатой линии только первой электромагнитной волны. В момент времени t= T₀ в линию 12 с волновым сопротивлением Z₃ побежит волна напряжения

При прохождении неоднородностей в местах соединения отрезков ступенчатой линии волна будет изменять свою амплитуду. В интервале времени (i-2)T₀-(i-l)T₀ волна будет распространяться по отрезку СЛ с номером i и ее амплитуда Vⁱ ₁ будет равна

В момент времени t=(n-1)T₀, когда первая волна напряжения

приходит к выходу генератора, включается прерыватель тока 2, подключающий резистивную нагрузку 3 с импедансом Z_н. В результате прихода волны на нагрузке 3 формируется импульс напряжения

а в результате размыкания прерывателя тока - импульс напряжения

Суммарная амплитуда импульса напряжения, возникающего на нагрузке 3 в момент времени t=(n-1)T₀, равна

и остается постоянной в интервале времени (n-1)T₀-(n+1)T₀. В дальнейшем в общем случае на нагрузке формируется импульс напряжения ступенчатой формы с длительностью ступеней, равной 2T₀. Генератор имеет наибольший КПД в согласованном режиме, когда Z_н=Z_n. В этом случае на нагрузке 3 формируется одиночный прямоугольный импульс напряжения амплитудой V₀(2α+2n-3)/2α и длительностью 2T₀. Энергия, переданная в течение импульса в согласованную нагрузку 3

равна по величине энергии, запасенной первоначально в генераторе

где
E_c и E_L - энергия, запасаемая в генераторе в электрическом и магнитном поле соответственно;
C и L - электрическая емкость и индуктивность линий с соответствующими волновыми сопротивлениями.The generator contains a grounded electrode 1, forming a step line shorted at the input, made in the form of at least two series-connected segments of homogeneous lines with distributed parameters of the same electric length T ₀ . At the output of the step line, a parallel-connected current chopper 2 and resistive load 3 are connected. In the internal volume of the second segment of the step line, a high-voltage electrode 4 dividing the SL segment into two homogeneous lines 6 and 7 with wave impedances equal to Z ₂ and

Between the high-voltage 4 and the grounded electrode 1, a voltage source 8 and an arrester 9 are connected, the arrester 9 being located at the junction of the first and second segments of the stepped line. In the gap of the grounded electrode 1, anywhere in parallel are connected a current source 10 and a spark gap 11. The wave resistance of the first segment of the SL is selected in accordance with equation (1)

The wave impedances of lines 6 and 7 formed by the high-voltage electrode 4 in the second segment of the stepped line, Z ₂ and

selected from relations (2) and (3), respectively

The wave impedances of the SL segments with numbers i = 2,3, ..., n are selected from relation (4)

Where
i = 2,3, ..., n is the number of the step line segment;
n is the number of segments of the stepped line;
α is the ratio of the energy stored initially in the generator in the form of electric and in the form of a magnetic field. The ratio of the magnitude of the charging voltage to the magnitude of the initial current in the generator is chosen equal to

The generator operates as follows. Under the action of voltage source 8, pulse charging is carried out to voltage V _{0 of the} electric capacity of two segments 6 and 7 with impedances Z ₂ and

Energy is stored in these segments in the form of an electric field. At the same time, under the action of the current source 10, a current I ₀ is created in the initially closed circuit formed by the electrode 1 and the current chopper 2, and the energy is stored additionally in the entire volume of the step line in the form of a magnetic field. The ratio of the values of V ₀ and I _{0 is} selected in accordance with equation (5) (the polarity of the voltage V ₀ and the direction of the current I ₀ are selected so that after the arrester 9 is turned on, the current decreases in line 5). The values of V ₀ and I _{0 are} determined and fixed before the start of charging the generator by choosing to use the appropriate voltage or current sources, or by pre-adjusting the output parameters of these sources. Upon reaching the maximum current I ₀ and the maximum charging voltage V _{0, the} arrester 9 is turned on. For further analysis of wave processes, this time is conveniently designated as t = 0 (the arrester 11, which disconnects the current source 10 from the SL, turns on after reaching the maximum current I ₀ before arrival to it the first electromagnetic wave from the spark gap 9, for example, at time t = 0). When the arrester 9 is turned on, a discharge wave — V ₀ — will propagate along line 6, after passing through which the voltage in line 5 becomes zero. At the same time, a voltage wave -V ₀ (2α + 2n-3) / [2 (α + n-1)] will run along line 5, and a voltage wave V ₀ / [2 (α + n-1)] along line 7. We assume that the polarity of the voltage is positive if the vector of the electric field in the drawing in question is directed upward. At time t = T _{0, the} wave propagating along segment 5 reaches the short-circuited end at the output of the stepped line. After reflection, the polarity of the voltage wave is reversed without changing the amplitude. When the wave passes from the spark gap 9, segment 5 is charged to a voltage of -V ₀ (2α + 2n-3) / [2 (α + n-1)] and a current of -V ₀ is created in it [{(2α + 2n-3) / [2 (α + n-1)]} / Z ₁ = -I _0/2. As a result, the total current in the line becomes equal to I _0/2 . After the passage of the reflected wave, both the voltage and current in segment 5 become equal to zero. At the same time (t = T ₀ ), the voltage waves propagating along segments 6 and 7 come to the place of their connection with segment 12. As a result, a voltage wave is reflected in segment 6

in section 7 - voltage wave

and wave 12 will go to section 12

At time t = 2T ₀ , the following occurs. The voltage wave propagating along the segment 6 is reflected from the short-circuit gap 9 without changing the amplitude, but with the opposite polarity. At the junction of segments 5 and 7, two waves are encountered. As a result, a wave will go to section 5

That is, as a result of mutual compensation of the two waves, the total amplitude of the reflected wave is zero. The process of complete energy extraction from section 5 has been completed. A voltage wave will go into the section.

At the same time, the wave propagating along the segment 12, reaches the place of its connection with the segment having the wave impedance Z ₄ . A voltage wave will be reflected in line 12

At time t = 3T ₀ , three waves arrive at the junction of segments 6, 7 and 12:
line 6 - wave

along line 7 - a wave

and along line 12 - a wave

As a result, the total amplitude of the voltage waves reflected in the segment 6

and cut

are equal to zero, and a voltage wave will run to line 12

At time 3T ₀ , the complete energy selection of segments 5, 6, 7 is completed and energy is taken from segment 12. Energy is taken from the remaining segments of the SL in the same way - the first electromagnetic wave begins to take energy, and the wave coming from the spark gap ends this process 9 with a delay of 2T ₀ . In the future, it suffices to consider the propagation along the step line of only the first electromagnetic wave. At time t = T _{0, a} voltage wave will run to line 12 with wave impedance Z ₃

With the passage of inhomogeneities at the junction of segments of the stepped line, the wave will change its amplitude. In the time interval (i-2) T ₀ - (il) T _{0 the} wave will propagate along the SL segment with number i and its amplitude V ⁱ ₁ will be equal to

At time t = (n-1) T ₀ , when the first voltage wave

comes to the output of the generator, the current chopper 2 is turned on, connecting the resistive load 3 with an impedance Z _n . As a result of the arrival of the wave at load 3, a voltage pulse is formed

and as a result of opening the current chopper, a voltage pulse

The total amplitude of the voltage pulse occurring at load 3 at time t = (n-1) T ₀ is

and remains constant in the time interval (n-1) T ₀ - (n + 1) T ₀ . In the future, in the general case, a step-shaped voltage pulse with a duration of steps equal to 2T ₀ is formed on the load. The generator has the highest efficiency in a coordinated mode when Z _n = Z _n . In this case, a single rectangular voltage pulse with an amplitude of V ₀ (2α + 2n-3) / 2α and a duration of 2T ₀ is formed at load 3. Energy transferred during the pulse to the matched load 3

equal to the amount of energy stored initially in the generator

Where
E _c and E _L are the energy stored in the generator in an electric and magnetic field, respectively;
C and L are the electric capacitance and inductance of the lines with the corresponding wave resistances.

Therefore, by the time t = (n + 1) T ₀ , the energy stored in the generator is completely transferred to the matched load 3, and the voltage and current in any section of the generator become equal to zero.

Since the load 3 is connected to the output of the generator when the current circuit breaker 2 is opened at the time of the arrival of the first electromagnetic wave from the arrester 9, there is no pre-pulse voltage at the generator output. In the coordinated mode, when the generator in the ideal case has 100% efficiency, a rectangular voltage pulse with the amplitude V ₀ (2α + 2n-3) / 2α is formed on the load, which, when α is chosen, is less than 2 (2n-3) / [ 3 (n-2)] exceeds the voltage at the matched load of the prototype generator equal to V ₀ (3n-2) / 4. Note that for any number of segments in a stepped line, it suffices to choose α less than 3/4. For example, when α = 0.5, the excess voltage is 8 (n-1) / (3n-2) times. Since in the generator under consideration the number of segments n cannot be selected less than 2, the voltage gain is at least two times. The gain increases with an increase in the number of SL segments and a decrease in α. The optimal choice of the number of SL segments and the value of α should be carried out separately for each specific application.

 The correctness of the method of analysis of wave processes in high-voltage generators on step lines, similar to that carried out above, was repeatedly confirmed when creating a number of high-current pulsed electron accelerators with systems for generating accelerating voltage pulses on step lines [2-4].

 The generator can be made in versions using strip, coaxial and radial lines with distributed parameters.

Sources of information taken into account:
1. Bossamykin VS, Gordeev VS, Pavlovskii AI. New schemes for high-voltage pulsed generators based on stepped transmission lines // 9th International Conference on High-Power Particle Beams, BEAMS-92, Washington, DC, May 25-29, 1992; Springfield, VA, NTIS. 1992. V. I, PP. 511-516 (analogue - p. 512, fig. 2a; prototype - p. 513, fig. 3b).

 2. Bossamykin V.S., Gordeev V.S., Pavlovskii A.I. et. al. Pulsed power electron accelerator with the forming systems based on stepped transmission lines // 9th International Conference on High-Power Particle Beams, BEAMS-92, Washington, DC, May 25-29, 1992; Springfield, VA, NTIS. 1992. V. I, PP. 505-510.

3. Bossamykin VS, Gordeev VS, Pavlovskii AI et. al. STRAUS- 2 electron pulsed accelerator // 9 ^th IEEE Internat. Pulsed Power Conf., Albuquerque, NM, June 21-23, 1993; Springfield, VA, NTIS. 1993. V.2. PP 910-912.

4. Bossamykin VS, Gordeev VS, Pavlovskii AI et. al. Linear induction accelerator LIA-10M // 9 ^th IEEE Internat. Pulsed Power Conf., Albuquerque, NM, June 21-23, 1993; Springfield, VA, NTIS. 1993. V.2. PP 905-907.

Claims (1)

A high-voltage pulse generator containing a grounded electrode forming a step line shorted at the input, made in the form of at least two series-connected segments of homogeneous lines with distributed parameters of the same electric length, a high-voltage electrode placed in the internal volume of the second segment of the step line and dividing it into two homogeneous lines, a voltage source and a spark gap connected between the high voltage and grounded electrodes, the spark gap being placed in place connection of the first and second segments of the stepped line, the load at the output of the stepped line, characterized in that a current chopper is connected to the load at the output of the stepped line, a current source and a spark gap connected in parallel to the ground electrode are connected, the wave resistance of the first segment of the stepped line is

the wave impedances of the lines formed by the high-voltage and grounded electrodes in the second segment of the stepped line are
- with a rated sportsman

- without arrester

wave impedances of segments of a stepped line without a high-voltage electrode are selected from the relation

where i = 2, ... 3, ..., n is the number of the segment of the stepped line;
n is the number of segments of the stepped line;
α is the ratio of the energy stored initially in the generator in the form of electric and in the form of a magnetic field,
and the ratio of the magnitude of the charging voltage to the magnitude of the initial current in the generator is chosen equal to

with