RU2119593C1 - Internal combustion engine external starting device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering; transport engineering; electric starting of internal combustion engines in mobile repair shops. SUBSTANCE: external starting device has storage batteries, switching device whose contacts are placed between storage batteries for changing over from parallel to series connection of batteries, control devices and terminals for connecting to electrical system of internal combustion engine to be started. Device is furnished with two molecular storage units made in form of double-layer capacitors. Contacts of switching device are connected between energy storage units to provide change-over from parallel to series connection. EFFECT: reduced overall dimensions and mass of device, enhanced reliability and facilitated operation of storage batteries. 3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to equipment for the electric start-up of internal combustion engines of vehicles, and can be used as part of mobile tank repair shops.

 The prior art device for the external start of internal combustion engines of vehicles, containing a generator driven into rotation by an electric motor, control equipment and terminals for connecting to a vehicle battery (AS USSR N 1590618, class F 02 N 11/08, 1990). In order to provide the required starter current, the generator of this device must have more power. Moreover, even in the presence of a powerful generator, this device cannot be used to start tank engines, since it does not provide double voltage to the starter-generator of the starting engine.

 There is also known a device for starting a tank internal combustion engine, containing a starter-generator, two groups of batteries, a starter-generator relay with contacts for switching batteries from a parallel connection to a serial one, control equipment and an external start socket that provides connection to the starting engine electrical system ( Belonovsky A.S. Electrical equipment of armored vehicles. - M.: Military Publishing House, 1976, p. 118). This device can be used to start the engines of other objects. In particular, this is necessary when the launch system of another object is not operable due to discharged batteries. The device has large overall dimensions, due to the fact that the launch is carried out from four rechargeable batteries connected in pairs in parallel. The disadvantages of the device also include the low reliability of starting with discharged batteries, especially in conditions of negative ambient temperatures.

 The objective of the invention is to reduce the overall dimensions of the device, increase its reliability and facilitate the mode of operation of the batteries.

 The problem is solved by the fact that the device for external starting of internal combustion engines containing batteries, a switching device, the contacts of which are connected between the batteries to switch them from parallel to serial, control equipment and terminals for connecting to the electrical system of the starting engine, is equipped with two molecular energy storage devices made in the form of capacitors with a double electric layer, and the contacts of the switching device The devices are connected between circuits containing energy storage devices to switch the connection of energy storage devices from parallel to serial.

 Capacitors with a double electric layer have a large capacity with small dimensions and weight and work well in conditions of freezing temperatures. During startup, when the switching device is triggered, the energy storage devices are connected in series and provide the required current pulse through the starter. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the load on the batteries, reduce their capacity and quantity, as well as apply low-ampere batteries. The internal resistance of series-connected energy storage devices is significantly less than the internal resistance of series-connected batteries. This provides an increase in engine starting reliability. In addition, energy storage devices can be charged either from a generator driven by a running engine, or from an on-board energy source of the object on which they are located (from a tank repair workshop generator), which ensures an increase in battery life.

 To increase the durability of batteries and energy storage devices, the device is equipped with charge circuits for energy storage from batteries and their discharge through current-limiting load resistances. The charge-discharge circuits of energy storage devices contain a series-connected switch and a current-limiting resistor.

 To monitor the readiness to start the engine, as well as to monitor the voltage change in the energy storage devices during the start-up process, the device can be equipped with a voltmeter and a switch for connecting the voltmeter to one of the energy storage devices. At one of the positions of the switch, you can control the voltage on the series-connected drives.

 The drawing shows an electrical diagram of a device connected to the tank electrical system.

 The device for external start-up contains two rechargeable batteries 1 and 2 and a switching device 3 with opening contacts 4, 5 and closing contacts 6 and 7. The switching device 3 can be two high-current contactors, the windings of which are connected in parallel (not shown in the drawing). The device also contains molecular energy storage devices 8, 9, connected in parallel with the batteries through the corresponding switches. In series with the molecular energy storage devices, high-current switches (mass contactors) 10, 11 are connected. The NC contacts 4 and 5 of the switching device are connected between the positive and negative poles of the batteries 1, 2 for their parallel connection. Using these contacts, circuits are also connected in parallel, one of which consists of a drive 8 and a switch 10, and the other of a drive 9 and a switch 11. A make contact 6 of the switching device 3 is connected between the positive pole of the battery 1 and the negative pole of the battery 2 for their serial connection. Through this contact, chains are also connected in series, one of which consists of a drive 8 and a switch 10, and the other from a drive 9 and a switch 11.

 The device contains control equipment, which includes a mass switch 12 and a control relay 13 with a make contact 14 connected between the input of the switching device 3 and the positive pole of the battery 1.

 The charge-discharge circuits of energy storage devices consist of switches 15, 16 and current-limiting resistors 17, 18. High-amp circuit breakers (mass contactors) 19, 20 are connected in series with the batteries. In position “A” of switches 15 and 16, the energy storage batteries charge chains from battery batteries through resistors 17 and 18 (switches 10 and 11 must be disconnected).

 The device is equipped with a voltmeter 21 and a switch 22 for connecting a voltmeter with one of the energy storage devices.

 The device contains power terminals 23, 24 and 25 for connecting a start engine to the electrical system (for example, via an external start socket), terminal 26 for supplying control circuits and low-current consumers, and input terminal 27. The device is also equipped with terminal 28 for connecting an onboard generator set to it. For the convenience of connecting to various objects, the wires representing the terminals 23-27 are sealed in the corresponding connectors.

 The tank launch system, to which the device is connected, includes a starter-generator with an armature 29, a serial starter winding 30 and a shunt generator winding 31, control equipment 32, with the help of which the start-up process is carried out and the starter-generator is put into the generator operation mode and the start button 33.

 The device also includes a diode 34 connected between the positive pole of the battery 1 and terminal 26.

 The positive pole of the battery 2 is connected to the terminal 23 and through the make contact 7 of the switching device with the terminal 24. Terminal 25 is designed to connect to the mass of the starting engine. The relay coil 13 is connected to terminal 27, which receives a control signal for switching batteries and energy storage devices from parallel to serial connection.

 The external trigger device operates as follows.

 In the initial position, the switches 12, 19 and 20 are off, the switches 10 and 11 are on, the switches 15 and 16 are in position "B".

 To charge energy storage devices 8 and 9, the switches 10 and 11 are opened. The switches 15 and 16 are moved to position “A”, and the switches 19 and 20 are closed. After charging the energy stores to a voltage of 24 V, the switches 10 and 11 are closed. The device is ready to start the engine.

 Using pins 23-27, the device is connected to the tank electrical system. When the button 33 is pressed, the power from the parallel connected batteries 1, 2 and energy storage devices 8 and 9 is supplied to the corresponding input of the control equipment 32. As a result, auxiliary units (oil pump) are switched on and the first start-up stage is performed (i.e., during 0 , 4-0.8 s, a small voltage is applied to the starter-generator, its shaft is rotated and a play is selected in the drive mechanism). Then, the control signal generated by the apparatus 32 is fed to the terminal 27 of the external start device and to the relay coil 13. The latter is activated, closes the terminal 14 and the power is supplied to the switching device 3. Contacts 4 and 5 of the switching device open, and contacts 6 and 7 are closed. Batteries 1, 2 and energy storage devices 8, 9 are connected in series and double voltage (48 V) through terminal 24 is supplied to the starter-generator. The engine is starting up.

 After starting, the button 33 is released, the control signal is removed from the coil of the relay 13, contact 14 opens and the switching device 3 returns to its original position. The starter-generator of the tank goes into the generator operating mode.

 The device can be used to start objects in which 24 V and then 48 V are supplied to the starter first. In this case, the starter is powered through terminal 23. Through this terminal, the starters of vehicles that do not have a second start stage are also supplied ( there is a double voltage supply to the starter). In this case, the control relay 13 and the switching device 3 are not used during the start-up process.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for external starting of internal combustion engines, containing batteries, a switching device, the contacts of which are connected between the batteries for switching them from parallel to serial, control equipment and outputs for connecting to the electrical system of the starting engine, characterized in that it is equipped with two molecular energy storage devices made in the form of capacitors with a double electric layer, and the contacts of the switching device are included ezhdu chains containing energy storage devices for switching connection of the parallel energy storage units with at consistent.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with charge-discharge circuits of energy storage devices, each of which contains a series-connected switch and a current-limiting resistor.  3. The device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is equipped with a voltmeter and a switch for connecting it to one of the energy storage devices.