RU2118848C1 - System to collect, convert and process measurement information - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automated information collecting systems with time demultiplexing of channels used to collect and timely process data received from measurement transducers of radiation contamination of atmosphere. SUBSTANCE: invention is meant for design of system ensuring absence of resistance coupling of transmitters noninterrogated at given moment with electric circuits of units for conversion and transmission of measurement results, isolation of units determining sequence and periodicity of interrogation of transmitters from units controlling process of data conversion and transmission and high reliability of system operated unattended. System to collect, convert and process measurement information has k groups of n transmitters, k commutators, k units controlling commutator, k analog-to- digital converters, two channels for communication with peripheral equipment, input/output channel and central control and processing device. EFFECT: increased functional reliability of system. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to automated systems for collecting information, in particular to systems with time division of channels used for the collection and operational processing of data received from measuring sensors, for example, sensors of radiation pollution of the atmosphere.

 A device for collecting information containing a data input unit, an information generation unit, a channel selection unit and a computer interface unit [1] is known.

 The disadvantage of this device is its orientation to the collection of only discrete data, accompanied by clock pulses.

 There is also known a system for collecting, processing and recording data, oriented to the processing of measurement information represented by analog signals [2]. This system contains an interface unit with sensors, in which the measurement information from the sensors through an analog multiplexer, the control inputs of which are connected to the channel number register, an analog-to-digital converter, a buffer data register and an internal bus buffer is fed to the data collection line to which the timer is connected and pre-processing unit, connected via the main highway to the central processing unit, buffer memory, tape drive controller and controller rum display.

 The disadvantages of this system are its low flexibility in servicing a large number of measuring sensors and low productivity due to the inefficient use of the processing power of the data processing facilities included in it, a significant part of the working time of which is spent on performing control operations.

 In addition, the known devices are not oriented to the use in their structure of existing complexes of technical equipment operated in communication networks, in particular, the equipment of quasi-electronic automatic telephone exchanges (ATSCE).

 The objective of the invention is to provide a system for collecting, converting and processing measurement information, for example, on radiation pollution of the atmosphere, ensuring the absence of galvanic communication of the currently uninvited sensors with the electrical circuits of the conversion and transmission of measurement results, separation of the blocks that determine the sequence and frequency of interrogation , from control units for the process of converting and transmitting data, as well as high reliability of the system during its maintenance-free operation.

 The specified technical result is achieved in that in a system for collecting, converting and processing measurement information, comprising sensors, a central control and processing device, a switch, a switch control unit, an analog-to-digital converter and an input-output channel connected to the central control and processing unit, the outputs of the sensors are connected to the corresponding inputs of the switch, the control input of which is connected to the output of the control unit of the switch, and the output to the input of an analog-to-digital converter, d additionally introduced k-1 switches, k-1 switch control units, k-1 analog-to-digital converters and two channel blocks for communication with peripheral equipment, the sensors being divided into k groups of n sensors, all switches are made in the form of fully accessible and constructed, for example, on ferrides, switches with n inputs and n / 2 outputs, the output of each j-th sensor (j = 1 - n) of the m-th group (m = 1 - k) is connected to the j-th input of the m-th switch, the i-th output (i = 1 - n / 2) of each (2r - 1) -th switch (r = 1 - k / 2) is connected to the input of the (2i - 1) -th analog-to-digital converter, and the i-th output of each 2nd switch is with the input of the 2nd i-analog-to-digital converter, and the inputs of all the switch control units are connected to the peripheral inputs and outputs of the first channel block for communication with peripheral equipment, the output of each of the analog-to-digital converters is connected to the corresponding peripheral input / output of the second channel block for communication with peripheral equipment, and the channel inputs and outputs of the first and second channel blocks for communication with peripheral equipment are connected to the input-output channel.

 The drawing shows a block diagram of a system for collecting, converting and processing measurement information made according to this invention.

 The system contains k groups 1.1, ..., 1.k with n sensors 2.1, ..., 2.n, k commutators 3.1, ..., 3.k. k switch control units 4.1, ..., 4.k, k analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) 5.1, ..., 5.k, the first 6 and second 7 channel blocks for communication with peripheral equipment, input / output channel 8 and a central control and processing device 9.

 As sensors 2.1, ... 2.n, various analog measuring sensors can be used, for example, meters of parameters of physical quantities characterizing the level of radiation pollution of the atmosphere at various points of a controlled area, that is, parameters such as the intensity of α, β, and γ radiation .

 ADC 5.1, ..., 5.k can be performed as a direct conversion ADC.

 To implement the switches 3.1, ..., 3.k, the switch control blocks 4.1, ..., 4.k, the first 6 and second 7 channel blocks for communication with peripheral equipment, the input-output channel 8 and the central control device 9 and processing can be used serial technical tools that are part of the ATSCE equipment of the "Quantum" type (see A.V. Bulanov, I.G. Kozlova, T.G. Samkharadze. Designing quasielectronic automatic exchanges of the "Quantum" type. Part 1. General characteristics, functional and switching circuits. - M., VZEIS, 1983 and A.V. Bulanov, I.G. Kozlova, T.G. Samkharadze ATSKE control device of the "Quantum" type. - M., VZEIS, 1986).

 The central control and processing unit 9 is a redundant, synchronously operating complex of two computers, the microprogramming processors of which have four hardware program levels with a depth of care for the subprogram equal to four at each level.

 Structurally, the device 9 consists of two microprogram processors, a memory unit for each processor, two initial start-up units of the system, an inter-machine exchange channel, interface circuits with machine peripheral equipment and a control panel.

 The input-output channel 8 provides the transmission and coordination of the time and electrical parameters of the signals exchanged during operation by the central device 9 and peripheral control devices, which in this system are the switch control units 4.1, ..., 4.k. Channel 8 provides access for both computers of the control and processing device 9 to peripheral control devices, while ensuring their full galvanic isolation during two-way transmission of information through channel block 6. The second block 7 of the channel serves in this system only for one-way data transmission from the ADC 5.1, ..., 5.k.

 Blocks 6 and 7 of the channel are the peripheral part of the input-output channel and switch peripheral buses interacting with the channel.

 Each of the switches 3.1, ..., 3.k is made in the form of a two-wire matrix ferride connector. An important advantage of using ferride connectors is the property of ferrides to open the contacts of the reed switches during the passage of current through one of its windings, which eliminates the danger of double connections, since this automatically ensures that only one ferride can be in working condition in any horizontal and vertical matrix connectors. The same property allows you to not have hang up signals, which greatly simplifies the process of managing the switch.

 The operation of the matrix ferride connector is controlled by the corresponding switch control unit 4.1, ..., 4.k, each of which has a bell-shaped pulse generator that can be connected to any horizontal and any vertical matrix of the ferride connector.

 The system for collecting, converting and processing measurement information works as follows.

 The frequency and sequence of interrogation of sensors 2.1, ..., 2.n of groups 1.1, ..., 1.n is set by software.

 In accordance with the commands received from the device 9 via the input / output channel 8, the channel unit 6 performs the operation of selecting one of the blocks 4.1, ... , 4. k control the switch and transfers to it data on the required connection in the corresponding switch 3.1, ..., 3.k. The selected switch control unit performs the connection establishment operation.

 This accordingly leads to the connection of the selected sensor to one or more ADCs 5.1, ..., 5.k.

 With the establishment of the required connections, the analog signals from the interrogated sensors are converted by the ADC 5.1, ..., 5.k, the outputs of which generate codes corresponding to the values measured by the sensors parameters.

 The central device 9 through the input / output channel 8 and the second channel unit 7 operating in the "Read" mode scans and polls the ADC 5.1,. .., 5.k and parallel accumulation in the specially allocated memory zone of both computers of measurement information. In this case, the identification of incoming data, that is, the establishment of the ownership of the next element of the array of accumulated data, is performed using the tables generated at the stage of establishing the connection, stored in the memory of the central device 9 and indicating which of the sensors 2.1, ..., 2.n which of the groups 1.1 , ..., 1k is connected to the output of the ADC currently being polled.

 After the end of the polling cycle of the ADC 5.1, ..., 5.k or in parallel with the polling, if it allows the performance of the AVM, the central device 9 processes the primary information.

 At the same time, the use of the inter-machine exchange channel available in the device 9 makes it possible to carry out sufficiently effective monitoring of the operability of the two-machine complex by comparing the results of the operation of both computers in the inter-machine exchange channel.

 To identify malfunctions of peripheral equipment, that is, switches 3.1, ..., 3.k, control units 4.1, ..., 4.k of the switch and ADC 5.1. ,. . . , 5. k, this system allows using the appropriate software, similar to that used in ATSCE of the "Quantum" type, to carry out an operational change of connections and analysis of the changes that occur while receiving data in the central device 9. In particular, to check the ADC 5.1, ..., 5.k it is enough to connect two or three ADCs to the same sensor at certain time intervals. Comparison of the output of these ADCs allows, if they do not coincide, to identify the presence of a malfunction in one of the two ADCs, and when tripping, to determine the faulty ADC and programmatically exclude its use while maintaining the possibility of further operation of the system.

Claims (1)

 A system for collecting, converting and processing measurement information, comprising sensors, a central control and processing device, a switch, a switch control unit, an analog-to-digital converter and an input / output channel connected to the central control and processing unit, the outputs of the sensors are connected to the corresponding inputs of the switch, the control input of which is connected to the output of the control unit of the switch, and the output to an analog-to-digital converter, characterized in that (k - 1) com utilities, (k - 1) switch control units, (k - 1) analog-to-digital converters and two channel blocks for communication with peripheral equipment, the sensors are divided into k groups of n sensors, all switches are made in the form of fully accessible and constructed, for example , on ferrides of switches with n inputs and n / 2 outputs, the output of each j-th sensor (j = 1, ..., n) of the m-th group (m = 1, ..., k) is connected to the j-th to the input of the mth switch, the i-th output (i = 1, ..., n / 2) of each (2r - 1) -th switch (r = 1, ..., k / 2) is connected to the input (2i - 1) -th analog-to-digital converter, and the i-th output each 2nd switch — with the input of the 2nd analog-to-digital converter, and the inputs of all switch control units are connected to the peripheral inputs and outputs of the channel unit for communication with peripheral equipment, the output of each of the analog-to-digital converters is connected to the corresponding peripheral input-output the second block for communication with peripheral equipment, and the channel inputs and outputs of the first and second blocks for communication with peripheral equipment are connected to the input-output channel.