RU2116472C1 - Device for low temperature conversion of exhaust gases of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engine; low temperature converters. SUBSTANCE: device has housing with inlet and outlet branch pipes and catalyst converter secured in housing. Housing is of oval, round or rectangular cross-section variable in length at ratio of areas of outlet and inlet branch equal to (1.4-3.2):1. Catalyst converter is made of nonprecious metals or their alloys with free energy of 5-30 kcal/mol and permeable to exhaust gases. Device is secured on cut of exhaust pipe with clearance. Device provides required degree of cleaning of exhaust gases from carbon and nitrogen oxides without use of precious metals for catalysis and without additional heating of exhaust gases. EFFECT: improved cleaning of exhaust gases. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering and, in particular, to the creation of devices for low-temperature neutralization of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.

 A device for the catalytic neutralization of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles and a catalyst located in the housing.

 A disadvantage of the known device for the catalytic neutralization of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine is an insufficient reduction in the amount of harmful impurities in the exhaust gases and the need to use expensive noble metals such as platinum, rhenium, etc.

 The purpose of the invention is the creation of a device for low-temperature neutralization of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine with the necessary degree of purification from carbon oxides and nitrogen without the use of expensive noble metals for catalysis and additional heating of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that a device for low-temperature neutralization of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine is proposed, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles and a catalyst fixed in the housing, and its housing is made of an oval, round or rectangular cross-sectional length with a ratio of the areas of the outlet and inlet nozzles taken (1.4 - 3.2): 1, when the catalyst is permeable to exhaust gases from base metals or their alloys with a free energy of 5 - 30 kcal / mo s and wherein the apparatus is mounted on a section of the exhaust pipe with clearance.

 The proposed design of a device for low-temperature neutralization of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine differs from the known one by the case of an oval, round or rectangular variable cross-sectional length with the ratio of the areas of the outlet and inlet pipes taken (1.4 - 3.2): 1, the implementation of the catalyst permeable to exhaust gases from base metals or their alloys with a free energy of 5 - 30 kcal / mol, and also differs by mounting on the cut of the exhaust pipe with a gap.

 The proposed device for low-temperature neutralization of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine has the necessary degree of purification of exhaust gases from carbon oxides and nitrogen, does not require the use of expensive noble metals to catalyze, it does not require additional heating of the exhaust gases to catalyze, thereby ensuring the neutralization process undergoes a low temperature.

 It was experimentally found that when performing the housing of the proposed device with an oval, round or rectangular cross-section, the area of which increases along the length of the housing from the inlet pipe to the output pipe when the ratio of the areas of the output and input pipes is selected (1.4 - 3.2): 1 that in the manufacture of a catalyst permeable to exhaust gases, moreover, metals or their alloys with a free energy of 5-30 kcal / mol are used as catalyst material and noble metals are not used, which of the proposed device at the exhaust pipe section with a gap, the necessary degree of purification of the exhaust gases to the content of, for example, carbon oxides or nitrogen oxides of 0.5% at the outlet of the proposed device without the use of additional heating of the exhaust gases is provided.

 At the same time, it was experimentally found that when using the ratio of the area of the outlet pipe to the area of the inlet pipe selected less than 1.4: 1 or more than 3.2: 1, as well as in the manufacture of a catalyst permeable from metals or their alloys with a free energy of less than 5 kcal / mol or more than 30 kcal / mol, and also when attaching the proposed device to the exhaust pipe section without a gap, it was not possible to achieve the necessary degree of exhaust gas neutralization, while the content of harmful impurities in them exceeded the permissible value.

 The drawing shows a structural diagram of the proposed device for low-temperature neutralization of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.

 The device comprises a housing 1 with an inlet pipe 2, an outlet pipe 3 and a permeable catalyst 4. The device is mounted in any known manner with an inlet pipe 2 on a section of the exhaust pipe 5 with a gap 6. The operation of the device is as follows. The exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine enter the housing 1 through the inlet pipe 2, in volume contact with the permeable material of the catalyst 4 and exit through the outlet pipe 3.

 When this ambient air enters the housing 1 through the gap 6 between the cut of the exhaust pipe 5 and the inlet pipe 2.

Claims (1)

 A device for low-temperature neutralization of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles and a catalyst fixed in the housing, characterized in that the housing is made of an oval, round or rectangular cross-sectional length when the ratio of the areas of the outlet and inlet nozzles taken (1, 4 - 3.2): 1, the catalyst is permeable to exhaust gases from base metals or their alloys with a free energy of 5 - 30 kcal / mol, and the device is mounted on a cut exhaust Noah pipe with a gap.