RU2111988C1 - Adjuster of viscosity of polyvinyl chloride plastisol pastes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of polyvinyl chloride plastisoles. SUBSTANCE: adjuster of viscosity comprises, mas. %: alkyl phenol, 0.5-5.0; saturated acyclic hydrocarbon of C₁₁-C₁₈ fraction, the balance. EFFECT: improved quality of desired product. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to additives that improve the operational and technological properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastisol pastes. In particular, to additives that reduce the initial viscosity of PVC plastisol pastes and stabilize it for a certain time.

 Known viscosity regulator of PVC plastisol pastes, which use polyalkylsiloxanes, in particular polyphenyl dimethylethoxysilane and polyphenylethoxysiloxane [1].

 The disadvantages of this regulator are the poor viscosity stability of PVC plastisol and its high cost.

 The closest in technical essence is the viscosity regulator of PVC plastisol pastes - oil polymer oil, the basis of which is hydrocarbons [2].

 The main disadvantages of this regulator are the high initial viscosity of plastisol pastes and its poor stability over time. So, after 1 day, the viscosity of the plastisol without filler is 5500 cps, after 5 days - 6500 cps. Example 6 [2].

 The technical solution to the problem is to reduce the initial viscosity of plastisol pastes and stabilize it over time.

This problem is solved by using the viscosity regulator of PVC plastisol pastes based on hydrocarbons, the distinguishing feature of which is that it contains saturated acyclic hydrocarbons fractions C ₁₄ - C ₁₈ , alkyl phenol and / or polyalkylsiloxane in the following ratio, wt.%: Alkyl phenol and / or polyalkylsiloxane 0.5 to 5.0; saturated acyclic hydrocarbons rest.

To prepare the viscosity regulator used
saturated acyclic hydrocarbons fractions C ₁₄ - C ₁₈ (TU 381-01-856-84);
alkylphenols: monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers (TU 38.602-09-20-91) and p-tert-butylphenol of the grade "ХЧ"
polyalkylsiloxanes: polyphenyldimethylethoxysilane grade PD-2, polyphenylethoxysiloxane grade FES-50 and polyethylsiloxane grade PS-5;
For the preparation of plastisol pastes used:
polyvinyl chloride grades EP-6602C and E-6258ZH (GOST 14039-78E);
dioctyl phthalate (GOST 8728-88E);
hydrophobic chalk (GOST 12085-88);
organometallic Ba / Zn stabilizer brand "IRGASTAB" BZ505 company CIBA-GEIGY, calcium stearate (TU 6-09-41-04-85).

Regulators of viscosity of the composition shown in table. 1, was prepared by mixing a predetermined number of components (saturated acyclic hydrocarbons fractions C ₁₄ -C ₁₈ , alkyl phenols and / or polyalkylsiloxanes) in an apparatus with a stirrer at 20 ^o C.

 PVC-based plastisol is prepared as follows.

 A portion of PVC and plasticizer is placed in an apparatus equipped with a stirrer, and the remaining ingredients are added with stirring in accordance with the recipe given in table. 2. The composition is stirred at room temperature until completely homogenized for 50 minutes. One hour after preparation of the plastisol, the initial viscosity is measured. Within 5 days, the kinetics of the change in the viscosity of the plastisol over time is observed.

Viscosity is measured at 25 ^° C on a Reotest rotational viscometer at various shear rates (from 1.5 to 146 s ^-1 ) and the resulting dependencies are extrapolated to zero shear rate (determining the Newtonian value of viscosity, i.e. the viscosity of the undeformed system). The results of viscosity measurements for various plastisol compositions are given in table. 2.

To determine the physico-mechanical properties of the films obtained from plastisols composition shown in table. 2, prepare the film as follows:
a sample of plastisol paste is applied to the glass substrate using an applicator with a gap of 0.2 - 0.3 mm;
gel the sample in an oven at 180 ^° C. for 6 minutes;
cool the sample to room temperature for 1 h and remove from the glass substrate.

The following characteristics of the obtained samples are determined:
elongation at break,% (GOST 11262-80);
thermal stability at 180 ^o C: time (min) before the start of the evolution of hydrogen chloride under static heat exposure (GOST 14041-68);
heat resistance at 180 ^o C: time (min) before the beginning of the color change of the sample under static heat exposure [3].

 The test results of the films are given in table. 3.

 As can be seen from the data table. 2 and 3, the use of the described viscosity regulators reduces the viscosity of the plastisol and stabilizes it over time (from 480-1751 to 911-2725 cps for 5 min).

 Polymeric materials obtained on the basis of the used viscosity regulators have high physical and mechanical characteristics: thermal stability (45-60 min); heat resistance (57-81 min); elongation at break (87-290%).

Literature
1. USSR author's certificate N 836041, C 08 L 27/06, C 08 K 5/54, 1979.

 2. USSR author's certificate N 979434, C 08 L 27/06, C 08 K 5/01, 1980.

 3. The industry of building materials. Ser. 6. The industry of polymer, soft roofing and heat-insulating building materials. New effective thermal stabilizers of polyvinyl chloride compositions. Analytical review. M .: VNIIESM, 1992, p. 12.

Claims (1)

The viscosity regulator of polyvinyl chloride pastes, including hydrocarbons, characterized in that it contains saturated acyclic hydrocarbons fractions C ₁₄ - C ₁₈ and additionally alkyl phenol and / or polyalkylsiloxane in the following ratio, wt.%:
Alkylphenol and / or polyalkylsiloxane - 0.5 - 5.0
Saturated Acyclic Hydrocarbons - Else

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