RU2111551C1 - Electric musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: musical instruments. SUBSTANCE: terminals are located on detachable panel which is connected to sounding board on inner side of housing and engages with contacts of keyboard through holes in sounding board. EFFECT: increased functional capabilities. 6 cl, 9 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the music industry and can be used in the manufacture of musical instruments, such as button accordion, accordion.

 To expand the performance of the button accordion and accordion, blocks with electronic tone generators are used.

 Known combined button accordion containing the voice straps of the right and left keyboards and a remote unit of electronic tone generators connected by cable to the contacts of the right and left keyboards of the button accordion.

 A significant drawback of this design is that the presence of one more unit (block) in addition to the button limits the instrument’s operational capabilities, and during transportation and on the stage it is necessary to take out the block, connect the cables to the button, which restricts movement on the stage of the performer relative to the block, both hands during transportation the performer is busy, in addition, you need to transfer the amplifier, speakers, put on a concert suit, shoes, etc. Although the voice bars are completely preserved in the button accordion, but these shortcomings make The tool is extremely inconvenient to operate (Radio, N 3, 4, 1972, Zd Electric meter, Zhytomyr, Ukraine).

 The technical result of the invention is to eliminate these disadvantages, expanding operational capabilities and increasing the mobility of the tool.

 This is achieved by the fact that the musical instrument includes a body, bellows, melody keyboard, accompaniment keyboard, provided with contacts connected to the tone generator block, which is located in the button accordion on a removable panel on which these contacts are located, interacting with the keyboard valves on the inside of the case , and the removable panel is interchangeable with voice bars.

 Figure 1 shows the button accordion in section with voice bars, top view; figure 2 - button accordion with voice straps and a block of tone generators, top view; figure 3 - contact system keyboard melody; figure 4 - deck keyboard accompaniment and a block of tone generators with a panel and contacts; in FIG. 5 and 6 - switch; 7, 8, 9 - options for the regulator.

 The bayan contains a half-shell 1 (Fig. 1), voice trims 2 melodies, fingerboard 3 with buttons 4 on the lever 5 (Fig. 3) with a pusher 6, contacts 7 and 8 in the base 9. Fig. 2 shows a panel 16, block 17 tone generators; figure 1 - button 18 accompaniment.

 In FIG. 4 shows the chord lever 19, axis 20, spring 21, valve 22, deck 23, opening 24, contacts 25, 26, gasket 27, panel 16, block 17 with output 28; figure 1 - fur 64.

 Traditionally, voice strips in button accordions (and accordions) are made removable and attached to decks 11 (Fig. 3) and 23 (Fig. 5) by means of clamps (not shown).

 In FIG. 1 shows a button accordion in a conventional pneumatic version without electronics.

 Having released the clamps and removed, for example, the voice straps 14 and 15, instead of them, a block 17 with a panel 16 is installed, the contacts 25 of which are spring-loaded in the direction of the valve 22 and abut against it with little pressure.

 When the button 18 is pressed through the mechanism, for example, ready-made accompaniment chords, widely used in button accordions (not shown), acts on the lever 19 pressed to the deck 23 by the spring 21, the valve 22 opens through the opening 24, the contact 25 closes on the contact 26 connected to a certain tone of the block (tone generator) 17, the signal of which from the output 28 through the volume control (pneumatic, for example, or foot pedal) is fed to the input of the speaker amplifier. At the same time, the block of tone generators contains the full range of the keyboard keyboard melody, chords of accompaniment and bass, which is played by acting on the lever 29. The gaskets 27 ensure the tightness of the panel 16 around the entire perimeter of the connection with deck 23 (Fig. 5).

 In this case, switching of tones can be carried out using the buttons 4 of the keyboard, which is equipped with a switch 30 (Fig. 1) or 31 on the neck of the accordion (Fig. 5, 6). At the base of the switch 30, substrates 32 are made of conductive material, elastic elements 23, for example, of porous rubber (foam rubber), a contact plate 34 and a pusher 35 of elastic material such as rubber. The contact plate 34 is connected to the plus of the current source, and the substrate 32, for example, to the relay 36 (Fig.9).

 Switching tones is as follows. In the initial position, contact 8 (Fig. 3) is supplied, for example, plus a control voltage. When you press the button 4 (figure 1), the lever 5 pusher 6 presses the contact 7 to the contact 8, plus a control voltage is supplied to the manipulator 40 - a certain note of the scale is played, for example, “To” of the 1st octave. By pressing the pusher 35 of the switch 30 (or 31), the contact plate 34 is pressed against the substrate 32 (Fig. 3, P1), the switch P2 of the relay 36 from the contact 38 is thrown to the contact 39 and the contact 8 receives not a plus, but a minus, and a manipulator 41 for example, the clarinet timbre is turned on, while sound reproduction does not occur, since the manipulator 40 is controlled only by plus. This is pretty fast.

 The thumb presses the switch 30 (Fig. 1), and with the other finger (or several) press the buttons 4, after which all fingers fall and the game continues on the keyboard. As a rule, a button accordion has 52-64 buttons in the right keyboard (accordion - up to 41), i.e. the performer can use a large number of electronic tones and effects during the game without using additional switches (42 - key, Fig.6).

 However, there are effects that require a short-term inclusion, for example, vibrato. The violinist introduces a “vibrato” by swaying his hand, but the accordion player has both hands occupied in order to use the control of the vibrato generators.

 Figures 7 and 8 show a vibrato signal level control device. A known volume control (Radio, N 1, 1970, p. 47), in which the pressure sensor is a bellows, the degree of illumination of which depends on the degree of illumination of the photocell and the level of the electrical signal passing through it. The disadvantages of this device are the nonlinearity of the deformation of the bellows (cylinder in the form of an accordion), which may depend on the quality of the material, temperature, humidity, aging of the material, in addition, along with the expired air of the performer moisture enters the device, which, accumulating, can also affect his work is negative, periodically it must be drained. The proposed device according to Fig.7 consists of an electric motor 43 with an impeller 44, a float 45, limiters 46, 47 of the stroke of the float, a rotary bell 48 on the housing 49, a light source 50, a photocell 51, a vibrato generator 52, a tone generator 53. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, a shutter 56, a nozzle 57 are located in the housing 55. The frame 54 is shown in FIG. 7.

 In the initial position, the float 45 is raised all the way to the limiter 47 (the initial position is considered when the switched-on motor 43 by means of the impeller 44 drives air and raises the float 45), in this position the performer starts to play.

 In this position, the light from the light source 50 is blocked by the float 45 and the signal from the vibrato generator 52 does not enter the tone generator 53 (master oscillator) - there is no vibrato. If necessary, the performer blows in the direction of the bell 48 and creates a back pressure, as a result of which the float 45, located in the housing 49 with a certain clearance from the walls, begins to fall under its own weight and, due to the conical peak, opens up the light incident on the photocell 51, the resistance of which is maximum in the initial state, begins to decrease, the electric signal from the vibrato generator supplied to the tone generator increases and vibrato appears, the level of which will depend on the strength of the exhaled air it. The rotary bell 48 is installed in a convenient position.

 Depending on the design, a light vibrato can be made by changing the distance from the head to the bell by turning towards the head.

 Thus, this device can be used, for example, to adjust the sound volume in the case when only the electronics sound without button accordions. In this case, the housing 49, for example, of a cylindrical shape is made of a transparent material, and the frame 54 covering the housing 49 along the perimeter is made of an opaque material. In the housing 55, the flexible shutter 56 is deflected when exposed to the breath of the performer through the pipe 57 (can be extended by a flexible hose), blocking the oncoming air flow.

 In FIG. 9 - option with two-way action. In a transparent housing 58, for example, of square cross section, the pistons 59 and 60 are connected by a plate 61 and spring-loaded by springs 62 on both sides (elastic elements) with stops 63.

 In the initial position, the plate 61 (from an opaque material) blocks the flow of light from the source (indicated by a dotted line) - there is no sound. When the movement of the half-housing 13 relative to the half-body 1, air passes through the hole 64 in the deck 11 (Fig.9,1), acts on the piston 59 and, moving the plate 61, opens the light source incident on the photocell (not shown).

 Thus, an ordinary button accordion or accordion, purchased in a store, can be converted without significant alterations from simple to electronic, or rather combined, by replacing the voice bars of the accompaniment with an electronic unit.

 If necessary, the electronic unit is removed, and in its place the bars are again installed (for example, for playing on the street, in a train car, another place where there is no electricity). The option of replacing the accompaniment bars with an electronic unit is preferable in that there is no need to duplicate a regular bass accordion with an electronic one (as in the prototype), since modern electronics simulate the full sound of natural double bass, bass guitar, and instead of ready-made reed chords, guitar chords, piano and other instruments of the orchestra.

 The same applies to the melody keyboard, which, while retaining the sound of the usual button accordion (accordion), will be supplemented by the sound of other instruments of the orchestra, and the volume control in FIG. 9 will allow, in contrast to the pedal in the prototype, to effectively perform all dynamic shades.

 The device of Figs. 7, 8 is convenient in that the performer does not have physical contact with him, which meets the hygiene conditions, in contrast to the prototype. In addition, the air coming from the device with a jet in the direction of the performer’s face will be pleasant to refresh him, which is important in conditions, for example, in a television studio, where there are many lighting lamps and it’s always hot, or at concerts.

 The mass production of such instruments and separately electronic components for them so that they can be installed in the purchased instruments, will expand the repertoire performed on the button accordion, and will help to increase the cultural level of the population.

 In this design, an option is also implemented with the replacement of the voice straps 2 (Fig. 1) with a similar removable panel 16, then the button accordion will be only electronic, but the possibilities will be significantly expanded by increasing the volume of the electronics and it will not be necessary to install the contacts in Fig. 3 for the right keyboard 4.

Claims (6)

 1. An musical instrument, including a body, furs, a melody keyboard and an accompaniment keyboard with contacts, voice straps installed on the deck, a tone generator electronic unit, a vibrato generator, an electronic tone volume control, characterized in that the contacts are located on a removable panel fixed to deck from the inside of the case, and through the openings in the deck interact with the valves of the keyboard mechanism, moreover, the panel is made interchangeable with the voice strips and the tone block is located on it generators.  2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that in parallel with the keyboard in the immediate vicinity of it there is a keyboard mode switch.  3. The tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the switch is made in the form of a base with a conductive substrate located in it, on which elastic elements interconnected with a flexible contact plate provided with an elastic patch are placed at intervals from each other.  4. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulator of the vibrato generator is made in the form of a pipe with a through hole made of transparent material, on one side of which a photocell is located in an opaque case, and on the opposite side is a light source, while the shutter is made in the form of a float held in the hole of the pipe between the light source and the photocell in an elevated state by means of an air flow coming from an air blast device.  5. The tool according to claim 4, characterized in that an air outlet is made in one of the walls of the regulator pipe, the opening of which is closed by a spring-loaded damper on the inside of the pipe.  6. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume control of the electronic tones is made in the form of a tube made of a transparent material, equipped with a photocell and a light source, inside of which a shutter equipped with at least one piston moves, spring-loaded on opposite sides along the line of movement.

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