RU2110039C1 - Gun cartridge case - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of cartridge cases for gunshots with projectiles of any type, finned and guided ones inclusive. SUBSTANCE: cartridge case has a body, mouth, slope connecting the mouth to the body, flange and a screwed-on fuze hole. The mouth length-to-inside diameter ratio is 0.5 to 0.78, and the wall thickness-to-inside diameter ratio is 0.012 to 0.019. EFFECT: improved design. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to ammunition, in particular to the design of artillery shells, and can be widely used in the manufacture of artillery unitary loading rounds with fired and guided projectiles.

 One of the main requirements for such artillery shells is a reliable room and the fastening of a shell in it.

 The peculiarity of this type of artillery shells is that they are used to complete unitary loading shots.

 Known artillery shell for a shot separately-loaded loading [1], consisting of a housing directly passing in the barrel, the barrel, flange, bottom and screw point. Such shells are widely used for separate-shell loading rounds for small-power guns (howitzers, mortars).

 The objective of the known technical solution was to create a shell for a charge of small power without presenting a requirement for fixing the projectile in the barrel of the shell. Common signs with the design of the sleeve proposed by the authors is the presence of a barrel, case, flange, bottom and navigable point.

The disadvantage of this solution, as practice shows, is:
- reduction of the combat rate of fire of the gun due to the increase in the loading cycle;
- great technical difficulties associated with attempts to automate the loading process of especially tank, anti-aircraft and self-propelled guns.

 Therefore, the most acceptable design of the sleeve would be a sleeve that satisfies the requirement to connect the projectile and charge into a single whole.

 At present, the artillery shell that is closest in technical essence and achievable positive effect is known, which ensures the connection of the elements of the shot into a single unit [2], containing a dulce, a ramp connecting the dulce with the body, a flange, a bottom and a navigable point. The sleeve dulce is made without any dimensional ratios of the length and wall thickness to its inner diameter.

 As can be seen from this technical solution, for a firm hold of the projectile in the sleeve, the latter is inserted with its tight part in an interference fit in the barrel, which rolls into a special groove on the projectile.

 However, the known sleeve has disadvantages.

 So, when firing with fired shells, there were cases of the formation of longitudinal cracks on the walls of the muzzle and scratches on the inner surface of the bore, which made it impossible to reuse shells and premature wear of the bore of the gun, and firing with shots containing conventional types of shells led to cutting the leading shells and, as a result, to premature rupture on the trajectory.

 In addition, there were cases of sticking a shot at the end of the chamber during automated loading after prolonged transportation, loading and unloading.

 Studies have shown that the violation of the durability of the cartridge shell and the formation of scratches on the inner surface of the tap channel occurs due to the action of the feathers of the stabilizer, and the firing of a shot into the end of the chamber due to the violation of the fastening and skew of the shell in the cartridge case.

 Thus, the objective of the known technical solution (prototype) was an attempt to create an artillery shell for firing a unitary charge without presenting requirements for firing shots containing all types of shells and shots after a long transportation.

 Common signs with the artillery shell proposed by the authors is the presence of a muzzle, a ramp, a body, a flange, a bottom and a screw point under the capsule sleeve.

 Unlike the prototype, in the sleeve proposed by the authors, the dulce is made with a ratio of length to its internal diameter equal to 0.5-0.78 and wall thickness to its internal diameter equal to 0.012-0.019.

 The indicated features, distinctive from the prototype and to which the requested scope of legal protection applies, are sufficient in all cases.

 The objective of the proposed technical solution is the creation of an artillery shell, ensuring the safety of the barrel of the shell and the inner surface of the bore after firing and reliable connection of the shell with the shell.

 The proposed design of the sleeve has advantages over the prototype. So, the implementation of the sleeve with a ratio of the length of the dulc to its inner diameter equal to 0.5-0.78, allows you to ensure the direction of the projectile at the initial moment of its movement, thereby eliminating the beating of the latter, causing cutting of the leading girdle shells, the formation of longitudinal cracks on the dulce of the sleeve and scratches on the bore.

 The implementation of the shell of the shell with the ratio of the wall thickness to its inner diameter equal to 0.012-0.019, allows you to reliably hold the projectile in the shell of the shell, eliminating the propagation of the shot and the skew of the projectile in the barrel during transportation and after the gun is automatically sent to the chamber due to the necessary rigidity of its walls .

 The above distinguishing features that distinguish the proposed technical solution from the prototype are not identified in other technical solutions and are not known from the prior art when the authors studied this and related areas of technology in the process of patent research, which allows us to conclude that the proposed invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

 Examining the prior art during a patent search on all types of information available in the countries of the former USSR and foreign countries, it was found that the proposed technical solution does not explicitly follow from the prior art, therefore, we can conclude that the proposed invention meets the criterion " inventive step ".

The invention consists in that:
an artillery sleeve containing a housing, a muzzle, a ramp connecting a muzzle of a sleeve with a housing, a flange, a bottom and a screw point, unlike the prototype according to the invention, has a muzzle made with a ratio of length to its internal diameter equal to 0.5-0.78, and wall thickness to its inner diameter equal to 0.012-0.019.

 The drawing shows a sleeve in longitudinal section, consisting of a dule 1 of length l, diameter D and wall thickness t, slope 2, body 3, flange 4, bottom 6 and a screw point under the capsule sleeve 6.

 To ensure the direction of the projectile at the initial moment of its movement and to exclude the beating of the projectile in the barrel bore, the dulce is made with a ratio of length to its internal diameter equal to 0.5-0.78. This embodiment of the sleeve eliminates the appearance of longitudinal cracks on the wall of the muzzle, scratches on the bore and cutting of the leading shells of shells.

 The increase in the length of the muzzle over 0.78 of its inner diameter leads to a significant deterioration in the extraction of the cartridge case with a semi-automatic gun due to the increase in the straight section, which increases the pinching force.

 The length of the barrel is less than 0.5 of its internal diameter leads to a beating of the projectile in the bore at the initial moment of its movement with cutting of the leading belts, with the formation of scratches and longitudinal cracks from the feathers of the stabilizer both on the barrel part of the sleeve and on the inner surface of the gun barrel, which causes premature rupture of the projectile on the trajectory, the inability to reuse the sleeve and leads to premature wear of the barrel.

 To ensure reliable connection of the sleeve with the projectile, in the special grooves of which the wall of the barrel is rolled, the latter is made with a ratio of the wall thickness to its inner diameter equal to 0.012-0.019.

 The wall thickness of the muzzle more than 0.019 of its internal diameter worsens the process of obturation with a sleeve of powder gases with the penetration of the latter by an official cut of the gun. And, in addition, the folds that are not removable at the base of the dulce, remaining after rolling into the grooves of the hull part of the projectile, preclude reuse of the sleeve.

 The thickness of the wall of the muzzle less than 0.012 of its inner diameter sharply impairs the reliability of the attachment of the projectile in the muzzle, which can lead to distortion and even loss of the projectile from the muzzle during official handling, during long-term storage and after the shot is sent to the barrel.

 The functioning of the artillery shell is as follows.

 A shell with a shell rolled up in a muzzle is sent to the channel of the gun’s barrel. After closing the shutter and the operation of the capsule sleeve screwed into the point 6, ignition of the powder charge is placed in the housing 3 of the sleeve. The projectile under the influence of powder gases, overcoming the rolling force in the dulse 1, begins its movement relative to the dulse 1, which thereby provides the initial direction of its movement. After the projectile leaves dulz 1, the latter, having acquired its initial direction, begins its movement already along the barrel channel of the artillery gun. The use of the design of the artillery shell proposed by the authors allows avoiding cracks on the barrel and scratches on the inner surface of the barrel of the gun, avoiding cutting of the leading shell shells, and ensuring reliable fastening of the shell in the barrel during service and during firing. The fulfillment of these requirements provides increased survivability of the bore and, consequently, of the entire gun as a whole.

 According to the invention, design documentation was developed and an experimental batch of liner ind. 4G38, which is tested with positive results. The liner withstood 3 times the shooting without the formation of cracks in the muzzle. The survivability of the gun barrel increased by 30-35% compared with firing shots containing shells of an old design. According to the test results, the proposed design of the artillery shell was recognized as promising and recommended for production.

Claims (1)

 An artillery sleeve containing a housing, a muzzle, a ramp connecting the muzzle with the housing, a flange, a bottom and a screw point, characterized in that the muzzle is made with a ratio of length to its internal diameter equal to 0.5 - 0.78, and wall thickness to it an inner diameter of 0.012 to 0.019.