RU2109945C1 - Working tool of coal cutter-loader - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry, excavation of mineral resources, such as coal, shale, potassium salts, etc. SUBSTANCE: rotor with buckets is manufactured in the form of cylindrical drum which face surface is fitted with additional buckets placed along spiral from center to periphery. Buckets arranged along helical line coinciding with direction of spiral of screw loader are positioned on cylindrical surface of rotor. Screws of loader are mounted on internal surface of rotor for transportation of broken rock mass from each bucket to zone of unloading through windows located across outlet of each screw. Driving shaft is made fast to rotor, is hollow and communicates with rotor space to draw dust off. Baffle plates are put on flanges to prevent rock mass getting from rotor into space of shaft. Hollow shaft is joined by air conduit to hydroejector for spraying of zone of break-down of rock mass, for drawing off dusted air from rotor of working tool and for utilization of wetted dust in rock mass. For separation of dust from rock mass hollow shaft can be connected to aspiration device. EFFECT: considerable decrease of energy consumption for dust removal from face, enhanced efficiency of dust control. 2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the mining industry, and in particular to the working bodies of mining machines, and is intended for the extraction of minerals, such as coal, shale, potassium salts and others.

 A well-known executive body of a coal processor, comprising a housing, a cutting disc and auger, the loading blades of which are equipped with disk cutters located on the brackets along a helical line, the direction of which is opposite to the direction of the screw spiral (ed. St. USSR N 1195002, E 21 C 25/04, 1985).

 A disadvantage of the known executive body is that the working elements (cutting disc, disk cutters and auger) are located outside the casing and the process of destruction, transportation and loading of the mineral is accompanied by a significant emission of dust (e.g. coal), the suppression of which requires the use of energy-intensive humidification systems or irrigation of the bottom and cutting zones, or the use of dust removal systems.

 Closest to the proposed invention is the executive body of a coal processor, consisting of a rotor with buckets equipped with a cutting tool, a gearbox, auger loader and a separation housing installed between the screw and rotor (ed. St. USSR N 597837, 1978). In addition, the executive body is equipped with a planetary gear installed between the screw and rotor.

 A disadvantage of the known executive body of a coal combine is the presence, in addition to the gearbox, of a special planetary gear, which greatly complicates the design, and the executive body is laborious to manufacture, which in turn reduces its operational reliability. In addition, the well-known executive body is also a source of dust formation in the face, and to suppress dust it is necessary to use energy-intensive humidification and irrigation systems or aspiration of dusty air.

 The problem to which the invention is directed, is to simplify the design and reduce dust in the face during operation of a coal combine.

 The technical result that can be obtained by using the invention is expressed in the fact that the broken rock mass, together with the dust, enters the body of the actuator, from where the dust is sucked out through the hollow shaft, and the vacuum created in the case ensures dust collection from the cutting zone and its disposal in the broken rock mass. In addition, preliminary localization of the source of dust formation contributes to a significant reduction in energy consumption for dust removal and increases the efficiency of dust removal itself.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the executive body of a coal processor, which includes a rotor with buckets equipped with cutting tools, a screw loader and a gearbox, the rotor is made in the form of a cylindrical drum, the end surface of which is equipped with additional buckets located in a spiral from the center to the periphery, and on the cylindrical surface of the rotor, the buckets are located along a helical line coinciding with the spiral direction of the screw loader, the screws of which are located on the inner surface of the rotor with the possibility of moving the broken rock mass from each bucket into the unloading zone through the windows located at the exit of each screw, the drive shaft is rigidly connected to the rotor, made hollow and communicated with the rotor cavity for dust extraction, and the rotor cavity is separated from the shaft cavity by chippers. In addition, the hollow shaft can be connected by a duct to a hydrojector with the possibility of irrigation of the cutting (destruction) zone of the rock mass and suction of dusty air from the rotor of the actuator or connected to an aspiration device.

 In FIG. 1 shows the executive body of a coal processor; in FIG. 2 is a section along AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is a view along arrow B in FIG. one; in FIG. 4 is a section along BB in FIG. one.

 The executive body of the coal processor includes a rotor 1 made in the form of a cylindrical drum, a hollow shaft 2 and a gearbox 3 rigidly connected to it (Fig. 1).

 The rotor 1 on the cylindrical surface has buckets 4 located along a helical line, and the end surface of the rotor is equipped with additional buckets 5 located in a spiral from the center to the periphery. Ladles 4 and 5 are equipped with cutting teeth 6 (Fig. 2).

 A screw loader 7 is installed on the inner cylindrical surface of the rotor 1, while the direction of the screws coincides with the screw arrangement of the buckets 4. At the exit of each screw 7 in the flange 8 there are unloading windows 9 for supplying minerals to the conveyor 10. The inner cavity of the rotor 1 is in communication with the hollow shaft 2 by the central hole 11 in the flange 8.

 In turn, the hollow shaft 2 is connected by an air duct 12 to the hydrojector 13, the nozzle 14 of which is directed to the rotor 1 with buckets 4 and into the cutting zone for irrigation of the broken rock mass. In this case, the hydrojector 13 is designed to suck off dusty air from the cavity of the rotor 1, where a significant amount of dust is emitted during transportation by the screw loader 7 of the rock mass. Windows 15 are located against the buckets 4 and 5 (Fig. 2), which are intended for passage of the broken rock mass into the rotor 1 and for additional dust extraction from the cutting zone due to the rarefaction created by the hydrojector 13.

 To prevent the broken rock mass from entering the hollow shaft 2 through the window 11, fenders 16 are fixed on the flange 3.

 For suction and dust collection from the rotor 1, the hollow shaft 2 can be connected by an air duct 12 with an aspiration device (not shown).

 The executive body of the coal processor works as follows.

 The torque from the gearbox 3 is transmitted to the hollow shaft 2 and the rotor 1, which, rotating, with buckets 4 and 5, destroys the mineral mass, grabs the broken rock mass and feeds it inside the rotor 1 through the windows 15. Next, the broken rock mass is transported by the loader 7 screws to the unloading windows 9 and enters the conveyor 10.

 In the process of operation of the executive body of the coal processor, a liquid is supplied through the nozzle 14 of the hydrojector 13 to the zone of destruction of the rock mass to suppress the dust formed. In this case, the sprayed liquid jet ejects dusty air from the cutting zone and the rotor 1 through the window 11, the hollow shaft 2, the air duct 12 and moistens the particles of coal dust. Coal dust in the wetted form enters the cutting zone and is disposed of in the rock mass.

 In the case of connecting the hollow shaft 2 with the suction device, the collected dust accumulates in the dust collector and is disposed of.

 The use of the invention allows, in comparison with the prototype, to simplify the design of the executive body, pre-localize the source of dust generation by feeding the broken rock mass inside the rotor, to the screw loader and by creating a vacuum both inside the rotor and in the cutting zone using a hydrojector or suction device, and also significantly reduce energy costs for dedusting in the face during the operation of a coal combine and increase the efficiency of dust suppression.

Claims (3)

 1. The executive body of the coal processor, comprising a rotor with buckets equipped with cutting tools, a screw loader and a gearbox, characterized in that the rotor is made in the form of a cylindrical drum, the end surface of which is equipped with additional buckets located in a spiral from the center to the periphery, and on the cylindrical buckets rotor surfaces are located along a helical line coinciding with the spiral direction of the screw loader, whose screws are located on the inner surface of the rotor with the ability to move Nia of broken rock mass from each bucket in the unloading zone through the windows placed at the outlet of each screw, wherein the drive shaft is rigidly connected with the rotor is formed hollow and communicates with the cavity of the rotor for dust suction, and the rotor cavity is separated from the hollow shaft impingement.  2. The executive body according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow shaft is connected by an air duct to a hydrojector with the possibility of irrigating the destruction zone of the rock mass and suction of dusty air from the rotor of the executive body.  3. The executive body according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow shaft is connected to an aspiration device.

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