RU210764U1 - Self-contained, multiple-acting fire-extinguishing device for extinguishing fires in electrical installations or electrical products - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multiple action device for autonomous extinguishing fires in electrical installations or electrical products of a closed type, made in the form of a plate, clip, fungus or cambric from a polymer material consisting of at least one continuous solid phase, in which a plurality of hermetically closed pores are located filled with an organic halogen-containing substance, while the pores are arranged in several layers, and the continuous solid phase is capable of releasing the contents of these pores under the action of an open flame in repeated ignition-extinguishing cycles. The difference between the claimed utility model is the ability of the device to extinguish fires in repeated fire-extinguishing cycles without human intervention and refilling the device with a fire extinguishing agent after each operation. The purpose of the device is to increase the safety of electrical equipment operation, which is achieved by extinguishing repeated fires in electrical installations if the cause of the fire has not been eliminated after the initial fire.

Description

The field of technology to which the claimed utility model belongs

The utility model relates to a multiple action device for autonomous extinguishing of fires in electrical installations or electrical products of a closed type that occur one or more times and are accompanied by the appearance of an open flame.

State of the art

Malfunction or improper operation of electrical products and electrical installations is one of the main causes of fires. One of the causes of fires in electrical equipment is overheating of current conductors in the place of poor contact due to increased transient contact resistance. A distinctive feature of such fires is a high risk of their recurrence during subsequent operation if the cause of the malfunction is not eliminated (as a rule, replacement of damaged areas). To improve the safety of electrical installations, a large number of autonomous fire extinguishing devices have been developed. According to the principle of operation, such devices are divided into aerosol, gas, powder, etc. A distinctive feature of all known devices is that during their development, special attention was paid to increasing the extinguishing efficiency. To achieve this goal, the devices known from the prior art were created with the expectation of a one-time and as quickly as possible and complete release of the fire extinguishing component. This excludes the possibility of their use for re-extinguishing, as a result of which there is a high probability of fire in case of re-ignition. Thus, the development of autonomous devices for multiple fire extinguishing of electrical installations is an urgent task. In this application, a device for autonomous multiple gas fire extinguishing of electrical equipment is considered, made in the form of a plate, clip, fungus or cambric from a polymeric material consisting of at least one continuous solid phase, in which there are many hermetically closed pores filled with an organic halogen-containing substance, with In this case, the pores are arranged in several layers, and the continuous solid phase is capable of releasing the contents of these pores under the action of an open flame in repeated ignition-extinguishing cycles. Additional distinguishing features of the device are:

the oxygen index of organic polymers that make up the continuous solid phase is characterized by a value of 21÷30 vol.%;

the pores of the material additionally contain a refrigerant selected from organic halogen-containing substances with a boiling point below 40°C;

an indicator coating applied to a polymer material irreversibly changes color when heated or in contact with a flame;

during the entire service life, the loss of pore contents from the material to the atmosphere does not exceed 20% of the total mass of the material, while maintaining the ability to repeatedly extinguish fires under the influence of an open flame.

The prior art fire-extinguishing devices and self-contained materials containing microcapsules with a fire-extinguishing agent. Such microcapsules can be used as independent components that are used in paints, adhesives and coatings, or can be included in a polymeric binder. The main technical objectives to be achieved by known inventions are to increase the efficiency of fire extinguishing, increase the safety of electrical equipment and increase the stability of autonomous fire extinguishing devices to external influences.

A distinctive feature of all the described materials is the high efficiency of extinguishing due to the simultaneous opening of all capsules. Thus, document WO 2012107825 A indicates the use of a mineral fiber selected from the list: glass fiber, basalt fiber, fibers from natural minerals, fibers from artificial minerals - which ensures a uniform distribution of microcapsules, the shell of which consists of polyurea and / or polyurethane based on polyisocyanate fluoropolymer, with a fire extinguishing agent, which is halocarbons, according to the volume of polymer material selected from the list: acrylic resin, alkyd resin, glyptal resin, latex resin, pentaphthalic resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyurea, polyvinyl alcohol - and the formation of air pores required to trigger the entire number of microspheres with the release of the maximum volume of fire extinguishing agent. This property, on the one hand, ensures the effectiveness of extinguishing due to the most complete release of the fire extinguishing agent, but on the other hand, does not allow the material to extinguish a re-ignition.

In patent RU 2161520 C1, polymers selected from the class of polyepoxides based on dianoic, or aliphatic, including chlorine-containing, epoxy resins, or a mixture of dianic and aliphatic epoxy resins, or a class of polyurethanes, are used as a continuous phase of a fire extinguishing material and provide explosive synchronous destruction of the polymer material and microcapsules. Simultaneous actuation and explosive destruction by increasing the pressure of low-boiling organohalogen compounds inside the microcapsules implies the release of the entire volume of the fire extinguishing agent, therefore, in this document, a single operation is meant, accompanied by the destruction of the material. Also, a distinctive feature of this invention is the absence of a fire alarm system, which can lead to untimely replacement of the waste material.

The invention described in document RU 2469761 C1 relates to a microencapsulated fire extinguishing agent containing microcapsules with a core of fire extinguishing liquid, the shell of which is made of a hardened spatial cross-linked polymer with mineral filler nanoparticles in the form of plates 1-5 nm thick. The use of such a shell gave the described invention increased barrier properties for possible diffusion of the core liquid through the microcapsule shell, as well as explosive destruction of microcapsules at a certain temperature due to the formation of frame structural elements in the shell. Similar nanoparticles in microcapsule shells were used in a self-contained fire extinguishing agent with a thermally activated microencapsulated extinguishing agent in document RU 152765 U1. Despite the obvious advantages of the described inventions, the explosive destruction of materials with the release of the entire volume of extinguishing liquid will make it impossible to reuse them, and the absence of an alarm system will not allow their timely replacement. Combined action microgranular fire extinguishing agent containing an oxidizing agent (barium nitrate and/or potassium nitrate and/or sodium nitrate), a cementing agent (starch and/or dextrin and/or glucose), inhibitor microcapsules (halogenated hydrocarbons), a plasticizer (polyurethane or epoxy resin) or varnish), is described in patent RU 2686714 C1. The claimed range of action of this fire extinguishing agent is 90-270°C, in which an explosive destruction of the polymer shell occurs with a sharp release of the maximum number of mineral filler nanoparticles. The features of the described invention also include the impossibility of reuse and the absence of a trigger indication system.

The source RU 2702566 C1 describes a microencapsulated fire extinguishing agent made in the form of microcapsules with a core of fire extinguishing liquid and a shell of resorcinol-urea-formaldehyde resin, which is highly stable under storage and use conditions. Source RU 2389525 C2 reports a microencapsulated extinguishing agent, consisting of microcapsules with a core of extinguishing liquid and a two-layer shell with the ability of explosive destruction. Despite the fact that the structural features of the materials described in these documents make it possible to obtain fire extinguishing agents with high performance characteristics, such as stability, the ability to explosive destruction leads to a violation of the integrity of all microcapsules, a sharp release of all the extinguishing liquid and, as a result, the complete destruction of the material with the impossibility of implementing repeated operation.

The utility model RU 145590 U1 is also known from the prior art, which relates to a cord or tape with an outer coating, consisting of microcapsules with a fire extinguishing agent, and a protective inner fireproof or partially combustible non-conductive gas-permeable sheath. In the event of a fire, the cord itself ignites, heating the protective layer and releasing the fire extinguishing agent from the outer layer. Thus, when extinguishing an open fire, the fire extinguishing agent is released along the entire length of the cord, including as a result of the combustion of the cord itself, and reuse of the device according to this invention is impossible.

Document RU 179466 U1 describes a self-contained fire extinguishing device in which microcapsules with a fire extinguishing agent are placed in a two-component cold curing silicone compound with a low relative elongation at break. The described invention is made with a different regular relief of the thermally activated surface, which increases the thermally activated area and increases the efficiency of microcapsules, including those located in the inner layers of the composite material. The claimed characteristic provides this device with maximum efficiency in fire fighting, but obviously makes it designed for a single use without the possibility of signaling a fire that has occurred.

The source RU 141401 U1 describes an autonomous fire extinguishing device made in the form of a polymer tube filled with a fire extinguishing agent and having a means for forced operation, connected by a wired or wireless communication channel to a temperature sensor of the protected object. The disadvantage of this invention can be considered the presence of a multi-stage operation scheme of the device, including the operation of the sensor, the transmission of a signal from the sensor or the control unit and the opening of the valve, which cannot guarantee a high response speed and uninterrupted operation. In addition, the claimed device is also not designed for multiple use.

A number of autonomous fire extinguishing agents are also known from the prior art (RU 2118551 C1, RU 155565 U1), in which the release of a fire extinguishing agent in the form of an aerosol occurs as a result of fire detection, a signal from any triggering device and the subsequent actuation of a valve system that opens containers with a fire extinguishing agent . This makes these methods vulnerable to disruption of correct operation at any stage of the process with multiple sequential actions, which can lead to untimely operation of devices. Moreover, the known devices are not capable of repeated operation, the release of fire extinguishing agents occurs in high concentration immediately after exposure to high temperature.

From the document RU 2262968 C1 a system for self-contained fire extinguishing of multiple action is known, containing an aerosol generator. However, the repeated effect of this system is that after operation, the aerosol generator unit can be dismantled and refilled with fire extinguishing agent. Despite the claimed high manufacturability of recharging, in the event of a repeated fire, this system will not work until the block is replaced.

Microencapsulated fire extinguishing compositions and methods for their production are also known from a series of patents JP 2007160028 A, JP 2007319350 A, JP 2009160387 A, JP 2011072669 A, in which halogenated hydrocarbons are used as fire extinguishing agents, and rubber matrices modified with organic silicas are used as the polymer shell of microcapsules. (in a number of inventions), as well as gelatin and gum arabic matrices. A common feature that unites these inventions is the explosive destruction of microcapsules when heated, leading to the synchronous opening of all capsules with the release of the maximum amount of fire extinguishing material, which leads to a high one-time efficiency of these devices.

Thermoplastic rubbers as a matrix for microencapsulated fire extinguishing composition are also described in documents KR 101866686 B1 and KR 101944942 B1. Spherical nanosized microcapsules filled with extinguishing agent and voids burst when a certain set temperature is reached. However, when such an explosive destruction of the material is carried out, it is impossible to realize a repeated operation, since the stability of all the capsules will be broken and the entire amount of the extinguishing agent will be released.

A common feature of the inventions known from the prior art, which are based on polymeric microencapsulated substances, is the simultaneous opening of all capsules according to the "domino" principle. This happens due to the fact that in polymeric microencapsulated substances each capsule acts as a wall for the neighboring capsule. Therefore, the opening of one capsule leads to a partial weakening of the shell of the neighboring capsule and its subsequent opening, i.e. starts a chained forked process. This process develops especially rapidly in polymeric microencapsulated materials, in which the capsule filler is under pressure.

Thus, a distinctive feature of materials known from the prior art is a single actuation, which excludes the possibility of repeated extinguishing without replacing the device itself or its components.

The prior art fire detection and suppression systems connected to signaling devices ). Such systems generally consist of at least one bottle (chamber, container or other reservoir) of pressurized liquefied gas (or alternative sources of inert gases or flame retardant gases), or several different bottles, the mixing of the contents of which results in fire extinguishing aerosols. The connections of the cylinders with the gas supply valve and the device for creating a directed gas (or gas-droplet) flow are actuated by electrical circuits that include various types of temperature sensors and an alert system, and individual elements of the system require at least one power source. Despite the high efficiency of fire extinguishing, the described devices have a number of disadvantages. Some inventions use only trigger valves, which are not designed to close after the fire is extinguished, which means that the entire content of the extinguishing agent is used up before the cylinders are empty, even if the fire is extinguished earlier. Reuse of such systems is possible only after manual refilling or replacement of cylinders. Inventions whose valves are capable of closing after a fire is extinguished, while retaining some of the extinguishing agent for possible re-extinguishing, however, cannot guarantee re-extinguishing due to the fact that the amount of extinguishing agent that remains after closing the valve is determined by the time spent on the initial extinguishing . With a long initial extinguishing, the amount of extinguishing agent that remains in the cylinder may not be enough to extinguish it again. In addition, the common features of such systems include a large number of components, which increases the likelihood of system failure. In addition to low reliability, another feature of such systems is their large dimensions, since it is required to place at least one gas cylinder in close proximity to the protected objects.

The closest analogues of the present invention are polymeric composite materials containing microcapsules with a fire-extinguishing agent in a polymeric binder. The prototype of the claimed device is document RU 2616943 C1, which discloses an autonomous fire extinguishing agent containing a polymeric binder and a microencapsulated fire extinguishing agent. Each microcapsule contains a polymer shell and a core, which contains a carrier gas, a combustion phlegmatizer and a combustion inhibitor. The carrier gas has a low boiling point. The phlegmatizer performs the function of the main fire extinguishing agent, it consists of iodine- and bromine-containing fluorocarbons. The flame retardant enhances the effect of the phlegmatizer by actively interrupting the radical chain of combustion; compounds of metals of variable valence are used as a flame retardant. In a preferred embodiment, the extinguishing agent is an azeotropic mixture of substances. The polymer binder contains mineral fillers or fibrous material to improve the mechanical characteristics of the agent while maintaining its fire extinguishing properties. The release of the fire-extinguishing combination occurs during heating, which causes the carrier gas to boil inside the microcapsules and, accordingly, their destruction. A distinctive feature of this invention is the lack of the possibility of re-extinguishing the fire, as well as the lack of notification of a fire that has occurred, which can lead to untimely replacement of the fire extinguishing agent and the occurrence of a fire in the event of a second fire.

Description of the utility model

This utility model was created for effective multiple autonomous extinguishing of fires in electrical installations or electrical products of a closed type. The essence of the technical solution lies in a special material, the active part of which consists of several layers of a polymer matrix containing hermetically closed pores with a fire extinguishing agent.

To reduce the "domino" effect when opening capsules during quenching and increase the repeatability of operation, the device according to the utility model may have the following distinctive features:

1. The continuous solid phase of the polymer material contains organic polymers with an oxygen index (OI) of 21-30 vol.%. This ensures the opening of the pores and the release of the fire extinguishing agent due to the burning of the pore shell, and not due to an increase in the temperature of the material and, as a result, high pressure inside the pores. With such an opening mechanism, the flame does not have time to heat up and destroy the subsequent layers of pores. Thus, when exposed to an open flame, the first layer of the polymer matrix located closest to the open flame is burned, as a result of which the contents of the pores are released, which suppresses the resulting ignition. After extinguishing the fire, there are still several layers of pores in the polymer binder, which are able to open upon repeated exposure to an open flame in the event of repeated ignition.

2. The pores of the material additionally contain a refrigerant. The release of the refrigerant together with the fire extinguishing agent from the upper layer of pores under the influence of fire leads to cooling of the material and the preservation of the next layers of pores.

Other distinctive features that increase the efficiency of extinguishing and ease of operation of the device according to the utility model are:

1. The use of thermoset polymers as a polymeric continuous phase, which prevent the material from melting and getting on the current-carrying elements of electrical equipment.

2. The use of highly effective flame retardants such as halogen containing substances and mixtures thereof.

3. The use of a special thermal indicator coating that changes color under the influence of temperature and signals a malfunction of electrical equipment before or after ignition.

The main difference from the prototype is the mechanism for opening the pores, which provides the claimed utility model for reusable use. In the prototype, the microcapsules are filled with low-boiling components, which turn into a gaseous state when heated, which increases the pressure inside the microcapsules, and reaching a critical pressure leads to their explosive destruction. The opening of some capsules leads to the destruction of the polymer binder or its weakening at the border with neighboring capsules. In the claimed utility model, the opening of pores occurs layer by layer due to the layered structure, as well as due to the burning of the outer layer of the polymeric binder under the action of an open flame and/or cooling of the material due to the release of the refrigerant. This mechanism of action avoids the simultaneous operation of all pores according to the "domino" principle and leads to the fact that the device is able to repeatedly extinguish open fires.

Another difference between the claimed utility model and the prototype and similar fire extinguishing devices known from the prior art is the presence of a contrast indication of the operation of the material, which allows, during a cursory examination, to identify those devices that have worked at least once and pay attention to the cause of the fire. Another important difference of the claimed utility model from the prototype and the inventions known from the prior art is the autonomous extinguishing of a fire without the assistance of a person or any electronic systems and triggering devices.

Brief description of the drawings

The utility model will be better understood from the description, which is not restrictive and is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show:

Fig. 1 - Scheme of sequential opening of the pores of the claimed device under the action of an open flame, where I is a continuous solid phase of the material, II - pores.

Fig. 2 - Scheme of the fire chamber: I is the cover of the chamber, II is the device fixed on the inner side of the chamber, III is the model flame center (MOP).

Utility Model Disclosure

One of the causes of fires arising from a malfunction of electrical equipment or violation of installation rules is overheating of current conductors at the place of poor contact due to increased transient contact resistance. Such fires are distinguished by the fact that they can occur repeatedly until the cause of the malfunction is eliminated (in particular, poor contact). With autonomous extinguishing of such fires, there is a high probability of re-ignition due to the preservation of the cause of heating. Therefore, to extinguish such fires, it is advisable to use devices that are capable of autonomously, repeatedly and spontaneously releasing a sufficient amount of fire extinguishing agent. At the same time, it is important that such devices have an operation indication system that allows you to detect malfunctions, as well as signal the operation of the device.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to create a device capable, when exposed to an open flame, to spontaneously release not the entire volume of the fire extinguishing agent contained in it, but only the necessary amount to eliminate the open flame and extinguish repeated fires.

To solve the problem and achieve the technical result in the present utility model, an autonomous fire-extinguishing device of multiple action is proposed, made in the form of a plate, clip, fungus or cambric, consisting of at least one continuous solid phase, in which there are many hermetically closed pores filled with organic halogen-containing substance arranged in several layers, while the continuous phase is capable of releasing the contents of these pores under the action of an open flame in repeated ignition-extinguishing cycles. The claimed technical result is achieved through a combination of combustible infusible polymers and high-performance flame retardants, located in several layers in hermetically sealed polymer pores, which in a number of utility model variants can be coated with a contrasting thermal indicator layer.

The factors influencing the achievement of the claimed technical result are:

1. The presence of several layers of porous polymeric material containing a continuous solid phase.

2. The continuous hard phase has high strength and elasticity.

3. Halogen-containing hydrocarbons and their mixtures are used as extinguishing agents.

4. The composition of the pores may include a refrigerant.

5. The surface of the material can be coated with a contrast indicator layer.

Several longitudinally arranged layers of pores in the continuous solid phase of the polymer material provide successive opening of the pores when exposed to an open flame: during the primary exposure to an open flame, the polymer is burned out, from which the continuous solid phase of the first (outer) layer is formed and the contents of the pores are released. The release of the extinguishing agent causes the fire to be extinguished and the material to cool, which prevents the contents of adjacent pores from being released. Subsequent ignition leads to further burning of the next layer of polymer and the release of the fire extinguishing agent. In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the sequential opening of the pores of a multiple-acting device under the influence of an open flame. The number of layers and the concentration of extinguishing agent is chosen in such a way as to provide several extinguishing cycles with a sufficient amount of extinguishing agent.

The composition of the continuous solid phase is chosen in such a way as to provide high strength and elasticity. When exposed to an open flame, the material is destroyed and some of the pores are released, therefore, in order to avoid triggering all the pores according to the “domino” principle, the material must have high fracture strength and elasticity. The material from which the solid phase is made must be resistant to the stress that occurs during the first partial failure, i.e. it should not form breaks and cracks. The polymeric material is chosen in such a way that it ensures the mechanical stability of hermetically closed pores after the beginning of the destruction of the material.

The main parameter of the continuous solid phase is the oxygen index (OI). The continuous solids material must burn rapidly in air to ensure that the pores break down and the extinguishing agent is released upon brief exposure to an open flame. Therefore, as the material of the continuous solid phase, it is necessary to use polymers with CI, preferably in the range of 21-K3O vol.%.

Materials that provide these conditions are organic polymers selected from the group, but not limited to it: silicone, polyvinyl alcohol or its derivatives, in particular polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl versatate, polyvinyl butyral, copolymers based on vinyl acetate and ethylene, in particular sevilen, acrylic acid derivatives , styrene and their copolymers, phenol-formaldehyde resins, polyamides, gelatin or mixtures thereof. The use of substances with such characteristics makes it possible to obtain a continuous solid phase, characterized by high elasticity and stability, which retains the ability of the material to act repeatedly when exposed to an open flame.

The weight ratio of continuous solids to pore content is preferably 1:1 to 1:5, in favor of the material trapped in the pores of the material. An increase in the mass of a continuous solid phase can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of fire extinguishing, and an increase in the concentration of pores can lead to the appearance of a "domino" effect.

The minimum fire-extinguishing concentration (MOC) of the organic halogen-containing substance should preferably not be higher than 6%. The MOC determines the effectiveness of a fire extinguishing agent and determines the concentration sufficient to extinguish an emerging fire in a hermetically sealed space. In this case, the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent is sufficient to completely extinguish the fire when the first layer of pores is opened (GOST R 53280.3-2009).

In order to prevent subsequent layers of material from burning out after the first layer has burned through and released the extinguishing agent therefrom, it may be necessary to lower the temperature of the remaining material. For this purpose, in the claimed utility model, additives that are refrigerants can be introduced into the contents of the pores. After opening the first layer of pores, the extinguishing composition is sprayed into the surrounding space, eliminating the fire. Part of the composition falls on the remaining material and refrigeration additives reduce its temperature, preventing local overheating and possible opening of the rest of the pores. As refrigerants in this utility model, halogen-containing organic substances with a boiling point below 40°C are used. The release of the fire-extinguishing agent mixed with the refrigerant cools the material and maintains the tightness of the remaining pores.

To provide the utility model with an indication of the operation of the device, at least once, an outer layer can be applied to the surface of the material, which is a paint containing white crystals of the substance, which melt under the influence of a temperature of 40-200°C to form a transparent layer.

Thus, the claimed utility model is an autonomous fire-extinguishing device of multiple action, made in the form of a plate, clip, fungus or cambric, consisting of a continuous solid phase with hermetically closed pores located inside it with an organic halogen-containing fire extinguishing composition and refrigerants or without them, as well as with or without external contrast indicator layer. Moreover, the closed pores are located in several layers, of which in repeated cycles of ignition-extinguishing under the action of an open flame, only the outer layers open and release the contents of the pores.

The pores of the polymeric material have different sizes, preferably, the average pore diameter is from 10 to 100 µm. The pores of the polymer material may contain halogen-containing substances, for example, 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane, iodotrifluoromethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, perfluoropropane, perfluoro-1,2-dimethylcyclobutane, perfluorocyclobutane, perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone, perfluoro-2-methylpentene-2, perfluoro-2-methylpentene-3, tetrachlorethylene, 1,2-dichloroethylene, 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 2, 3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane and mixtures thereof, wherein the mass of pore content is 20-95% of the mass of the material.

Additionally, the pores of the material may contain 5-95% of a refrigerant, which is capable of cooling the device when opening the pores, selected from organic halogen-containing substances with a boiling point below 40°C.

Additionally, a contrast indicator coating can be applied to the polymeric material, the disappearance of which makes it possible to detect a malfunction of the electrical equipment and/or at least a single actuation of the material.

The device can be made in the form of a round or semicircular plate with a thickness of 1 to 5 mm, a diameter of 15-50 mm, as well as in the form of a clip, fungus or cambric, which are fixed in the upper part of electrical installations or electrical products of a closed type.

Detailed description of embodiments

The term "multiple action" refers to the property of the material to retain the ability to re-release the fire extinguishing agent sufficient to suppress re-ignition after the initial extinguishing of the model fire during the entire service life.

For an unambiguous understanding of the “multiple action” feature, a device testing method was developed, which is disclosed in example 11. A material that has successfully passed the tests in accordance with the experiment (effective extinguishing of the MOP for 5 fire/extinguishing cycles) is considered to satisfy the “multiple action” feature according to the claimed formula of the utility model.

The term "pore content" refers to substances contained in the continuous solid phase and released from the material into the environment in the form of gas, droplets or fine particles when it is destroyed by the flame. These substances include fire extinguishing agents, the minimum fire extinguishing concentration of which is preferably not higher than 6%, such as halogen-containing alkanes, alkenes, ketones, cycloalkanes, their mixture or other additives in accordance with the formula of this utility model. Examples of halogen-containing fire extinguishing agents are 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane, iodotrifluoromethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, perfluoropropane, perfluoro-1,2 -dimethylcyclobutane, perfluorocyclobutane, perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone, perfluoro-2-methylpentene-2, perfluoro-2-methylpentene-3, tetrachlorethylene, 1,2-dichloroethylene, 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 2,3,3,3 -tetrafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane and mixtures thereof.

The term "continuous solid phase" includes a solid elastic material, consisting of one or more layers of organic polymers, which ensures that the contents of the pores from the material do not diffuse into the atmosphere during storage and operation. Organic polymers are characterized by low electrical conductivity, sufficient elasticity and strength, the value of the oxygen index is 21÷30 vol.%. The organic polymer of which the material is composed must not become viscous when briefly exposed to an open flame, since in this case the dropping polymer may lead to re-ignition. Elasticity and strength preserve the material from the "domino" effect - consistent accelerated destruction of neighboring pores. Examples of thermoset polymers are, but are not limited to, substances selected from the group: silicone, polyvinyl alcohol or its derivatives, in particular polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl versatate, polyvinyl butyral, copolymers based on vinyl acetate and ethylene, in particular sevilene, derivatives of acrylic acid, styrene and their copolymers , phenol-formaldehyde resins, polyamides, gelatin or mixtures thereof.

The term "autonomous extinguishing" is the suppression of an open flame by a device due to the release of a fire extinguishing agent from it under the influence of an open flame without assistance from a person or special launch devices.

The term "fire extinguishing agent" is an individual chemical compound or a mixture of compounds that, when extinguishing a flame, are in a gaseous or vaporous state and have physical and chemical properties that make it possible to create conditions for cessation of combustion. In this device, halogen-containing organic alkanes, alkenes, ketones, cycloalkanes or mixtures thereof are used as a fire extinguishing agent, the minimum fire extinguishing concentration of which is preferably not higher than 6%, or mixtures thereof.

The term "refrigerant" is a substance that, when boiled, removes heat from the cooled object. Halogen-containing organic substances with a boiling point below 40°C are used as a refrigerant.

The term "open flame" is an oxidation process accompanied by radiation in the visible range and the release of thermal energy.

The term "minimum fire extinguishing concentration" means the smallest volumetric concentration of a fire extinguishing agent in the air, which ensures the extinguishing of a diffusion flame of a substance in a volumetric way.

The claimed device is characterized by the fact that during the entire period of operation, the loss of pore contents from the material of the claimed device into the atmosphere does not exceed 20% of the total mass of the material, while maintaining the ability to repeatedly extinguish fires under the influence of an open flame.

The claimed device can be used to improve the fire safety of electrical installations or electrical products of a closed type due to the ability of the device to repeatedly extinguish. Since extinguishing the source of fire does not solve the problem of a fire, it can occur again. The claimed device is capable of extinguishing the resulting re-ignition, thereby increasing the fire safety of the operation of electrical installations or electrical products of a closed type.

The application of a contrast indicator coating on the device, which irreversibly changes color upon contact with a flame, further increases the fire safety of the equipment used, since it allows timely elimination of the cause of a fire in electrical installations or electrical products.

The following are preferred embodiments of the claimed device, which are illustrative and do not in any way limit the scope of the claimed legal protection.

Example 1

650 g of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and 250 g of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane were mixed in an autoclave. To the mixture was added 55 g of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and stirred vigorously for 1 hour at 25°C. Then, stirring was stopped and the mixture was left to settle until complete separation for 3 h, after which the lower phase was separated and dispersed under an excess pressure of 5 atm in a nitrogen atmosphere in a solution of 2.5 g of PVA in 1.0 L of water at 0°C. After obtaining a stable emulsion, dispersion was stopped and a solution of 170 g of polyethylenepolyamine in 2.0 L of water at 0°C was added with slow stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature, then the temperature was raised linearly to 90° C. over three days. After heating was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool spontaneously, depressurized, and washed with water until neutral pH. At the output, 870 g of an aqueous dispersion of freons was obtained (a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane). Centrifugation was performed to remove excess water.

The resulting aqueous dispersion was mixed with 330 g of an aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl acetate in water and extruded onto a self-adhesive PVC tape "ORAKAL", tightly fixed on a metal substrate, at an excess pressure of 1.5-1.8 atm, so that the thickness of the extrudate layer did not exceed 0.3-0.5 mm. The raw material was subjected to vertical pressing to form longitudinal pores in the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The extruded mass was dried in a stream of dry air at 40°C. A second layer was similarly applied over the resulting layer, vertically pressed and dried. This sequence of operations was repeated several times until a homogeneous layered material 2-5 mm thick was obtained, the continuous phase of which consists of polyvinyl acetate with hermetically closed pores containing a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane as fire extinguishing agents, which also acts as a refrigerant , and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane.

The product was detached from the rigid substrate and cut into round pieces with a diameter of 20 mm. The resulting device successfully passed the test for the ability to repeatedly extinguish fires, described in example 11.

Example 2

780 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and 295 g of perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone were mixed in an autoclave. To the mixture was added 78 g of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and stirred vigorously for 1 hour at 25°C. Then, stirring was stopped and the mixture was left to settle until complete separation for 3 h, after which the lower phase was separated and dispersed under an excess pressure of 5 atm in a nitrogen atmosphere in a solution of 3.7 g of PVA in 1.5 L of water at 0°C. After obtaining a stable emulsion, the dispersion was stopped and a solution of 230 g of polyethylenepolyamine in 3 l of water at 0°C was introduced with slow stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature, then the temperature was raised linearly to 90° C. over three days. After heating was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool spontaneously, depressurized, and washed with water until neutral pH. At the output, 970 g of an aqueous dispersion of freons (a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone) was obtained. Centrifugation was performed to remove excess water.

The resulting aqueous dispersion was mixed with 460 g of an aqueous dispersion of sevilen in water and extruded onto a self-adhesive PVC tape "ORAKAL", tightly fixed on a metal substrate, at an excess pressure of 1.5-1.8 atm, so that the thickness of the extrudate layer did not exceed 0.3-0.5 mm. The raw material was subjected to vertical pressing to form longitudinal pores in the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The extruded mass was dried in a stream of dry air at 40°C. A second layer was similarly applied over the resulting layer, vertically pressed and dried. This sequence of operations was repeated several times until a homogeneous layered material 2-5 mm thick was obtained, the continuous phase of which consists of savilen with hermetically closed pores containing a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane as fire extinguishing agents, which also performs the role of a refrigerant, and perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone.

The product was detached from the rigid substrate and cut into round pieces with a diameter of 15 mm. The resulting device successfully passed the repetitive test described in Example 11.

Example 3

1280 g of 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane and 538 g of 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane were mixed in an autoclave. To the mixture was added 128 g of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and stirred vigorously for 1 hour at 25°C. Then, stirring was stopped and the mixture was left to settle until complete separation for 3 h, after which the lower phase was separated and dispersed under an excess pressure of 5 atm in a nitrogen atmosphere in a solution of 6.2 g of PVA in 2.5 L of water at 0°C. After obtaining a stable emulsion, the dispersion was stopped and a solution of 385 g of polyethylenepolyamine in 5.0 L of water at 0°C was introduced with slow stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature, then the temperature was raised linearly to 90° C. over three days. After heating was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool spontaneously, depressurized, and washed with water until neutral pH. At the output, 200 g of an aqueous dispersion of freons (a mixture of 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane) was obtained. Centrifugation was performed to remove excess water.

The resulting aqueous dispersion was mixed with 770 g of an aqueous polystyrene-acrylic dispersion and extruded onto a self-adhesive polyester film tightly fixed on a metal substrate at an excess pressure of 1.5-1.8 atm, so that the thickness of the extrudate layer did not exceed 0.3-0.5 mm. The raw material was subjected to vertical pressing to form longitudinal pores in the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The extruded mass was dried in a stream of dry air at 40°C. A second layer was similarly applied over the resulting layer, vertically pressed and dried. This sequence of operations was repeated several times until a homogeneous layered material 2–5 mm thick was obtained, the continuous phase of which consists of polystyrene acrylate with hermetically closed pores containing a mixture of 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane as fire extinguishing agents, which also acts as a refrigerant, and 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane

The product was detached from the rigid substrate and cut into round pieces with a diameter of 30 mm. The resulting device successfully passed the repetitive test described in Example 11.

Example 4

380 g of iodotrifluoromethane and 40 g of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate were mixed in an autoclave and stirred vigorously for 1 hour at 25°C. Then, stirring was stopped and the mixture was left to settle until complete separation for 3 h, after which the lower phase was separated and dispersed under an excess pressure of 5 atm in a nitrogen atmosphere in a solution of 1.9 g of PVA in 0.8 L of water at 0°C. After obtaining a stable emulsion, the dispersion was stopped and a solution of 118 g of polyethylenepolyamine in 1.6 L of water at 0°C was introduced with slow stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature, then the temperature was raised linearly to 90° C. over three days. After heating was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool spontaneously, depressurized, and washed with water until neutral pH. At the output, 470 g of an aqueous dispersion of freon (iodine trifluoromethane) was obtained. Centrifugation was performed to remove excess water.

The resulting aqueous dispersion was mixed with 210 g of an aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl acetate in water and extruded onto a polyamide film tightly fixed on a metal substrate at an excess pressure of 1.5–1.8 atm, so that the thickness of the extrudate layer did not exceed 0.3–0.5 mm. The raw material was subjected to vertical pressing to form longitudinal pores in the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The extruded mass was dried in a stream of dry air at 40°C. A second layer was similarly applied over the resulting layer, vertically pressed and dried. This sequence of operations was repeated several times until a homogeneous layered material with a thickness of 2-5 mm was obtained, the continuous phase of which consists of polyvinyl acetate with hermetically closed pores containing iodotrifluoromethane as a fire extinguishing agent.

The product was detached from the rigid substrate and cut into round pieces with a diameter of 20 mm. The resulting device successfully passed the repetitive test described in Example 11.

Example 5

960 g of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane and 570 g of perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone were mixed in an autoclave with 95 g of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and stirred vigorously for 1 hour at 25°C. Then, stirring was stopped and the mixture was left to settle until complete separation for 3 h, after which the lower phase was separated and dispersed under an excess pressure of 5 atm in a nitrogen atmosphere in a solution of 4.6 g of PVA in 1.9 L of water at 0°С. After obtaining a stable emulsion, the dispersion was stopped, and a solution of 290 g of polyethylenepolyamine in 3.8 L of water at 0°C was introduced with slow stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature, then the temperature was raised linearly to 90° C. over three days. After heating was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool spontaneously, depressurized, and washed with water until neutral pH. At the output, 1560 g of an aqueous dispersion of freons (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane and perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone) were obtained. Centrifugation was performed to remove excess water.

The resulting aqueous dispersion was mixed with 520 g of an aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl versatate in water and extruded onto a self-adhesive PVC tape "ORAKAL", tightly fixed on a metal substrate, at an excess pressure of 1.5-1.8 atm, so that the thickness of the extrudate layer did not exceed 0.3-0.5 mm. The raw material was subjected to vertical pressing to form longitudinal pores in the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The extruded mass was dried in a stream of dry air at 40°C. A second layer was similarly applied over the resulting layer, vertically pressed and dried. This sequence of operations was repeated several times until a homogeneous layered material 2-5 mm thick was obtained, the continuous phase of which consists of polyvinyl versatate with hermetically closed pores containing a mixture of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane as fire extinguishing agents, which also acts as a refrigerant, and perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone.

The product was detached from the rigid substrate and cut into round pieces with a diameter of 40 mm. The resulting device successfully passed the repetitive test described in Example 11.

Example 6

1350 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane were mixed in an autoclave with 95 g of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and stirred vigorously for 1 hour at 25°C. Then, stirring was stopped and the mixture was left to settle until complete separation for 3 h, after which the lower phase was separated and dispersed under an excess pressure of 5 atm in a nitrogen atmosphere in a solution of 4.6 g of PVA in 1.9 L of water at 0°C. After obtaining a stable emulsion, the dispersion was stopped, and a solution of 290 g of polyethylenepolyamine in 3.8 L of water at 0°C was introduced with slow stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature, then the temperature was raised linearly to 90° C. over three days. After heating was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool spontaneously, depressurized, and washed with water until neutral pH. At the output, 1400 g of an aqueous dispersion of freon (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane) was obtained. Centrifugation was performed to remove excess water.

The resulting aqueous dispersion was mixed with 577 g of an aqueous dispersion of acrylic acid in water and extruded onto a self-adhesive PVC tape "ORAKAL", tightly fixed on a metal substrate, at an overpressure of 1.5-1.8 atm, so that the thickness of the extrudate layer did not exceed 0.3-0.5 mm . The raw material was subjected to vertical pressing to form longitudinal pores in the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The extruded mass was dried in a stream of dry air at 40°C. A second layer was similarly applied over the resulting layer, vertically pressed and dried. This sequence of operations was repeated several times until a homogeneous layered material 2-5 mm thick was obtained, the continuous phase of which consists of an acrylic polymer with hermetically closed pores containing 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane as a fire extinguishing agent.

Example 7

380 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and 2250 g of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane were mixed in an autoclave with 193 g of methylenediphenyl diisocyanate and stirred vigorously for 1 hour at 25°C. Then, stirring was stopped and the mixture was left to settle until complete separation for 3 h, after which the lower phase was separated and dispersed under an excess pressure of 5 atm in a nitrogen atmosphere in a solution of 9.2 g of PVA in 3.8 L of water at 0°C. After obtaining a stable emulsion, the dispersion was stopped and a solution of 575 g of polyethylenepolyamine in 7.6 L of water at 0°C was introduced with slow stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature, then the temperature was raised linearly to 90° C. over three days. After heating was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool spontaneously, depressurized, and washed with water until neutral pH. At the output, 2770 g of an aqueous dispersion of freons was obtained (a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane). Centrifugation was performed to remove excess water.

The resulting aqueous dispersion was mixed with 1115 g of an aqueous dispersion of sevilen in water and extruded onto an aluminum tape tightly fixed on a metal substrate at an excess pressure of 1.5–1.8 atm, so that the thickness of the extrudate layer did not exceed 0.3–0.5 mm. The raw material was subjected to vertical pressing to form longitudinal pores in the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The extruded mass was dried in a stream of dry air at 40°C. A second layer was similarly applied over the resulting layer, vertically pressed and dried. This sequence of operations was repeated several times until a homogeneous layered material 2-5 mm thick was obtained, the continuous phase of which consists of savilen with hermetically closed pores containing a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane as fire extinguishing agents, which also performs the role of a refrigerant, and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane.

The product was detached from the rigid substrate and cut into round pieces with a diameter of 25 mm. The resulting device successfully passed the repetitive test described in Example 11.

Example 8

1850 g of perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone were mixed in an autoclave with 153 g of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and stirred vigorously for 1 hour at 25°C. Then, stirring was stopped and the mixture was left to settle until complete separation for 3 h, after which the lower phase was separated and dispersed under an excess pressure of 5 atm in a nitrogen atmosphere in a solution of 7.3 g of PVA in 3.0 L of water at 0°C. After obtaining a stable emulsion, the dispersion was stopped and a solution of 455 g of polyethylenepolyamine in 6.0 l of water at 0°C was introduced with slow stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature, then the temperature was raised linearly to 90° C. over three days. After heating was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool spontaneously, depressurized, and washed with water until neutral pH. At the output, 1910 g of an aqueous dispersion of freon (perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone) was obtained. Centrifugation was performed to remove excess water.

The resulting aqueous dispersion was mixed with 820 g of an aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl versatate in water and extruded onto a self-adhesive PVC tape "ORAKAL", tightly fixed on a metal substrate, at an excess pressure of 1.5-1.8 atm, so that the thickness of the extrudate layer did not exceed 0.3-0.5 mm. The raw material was subjected to vertical pressing to form longitudinal pores in the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The extruded mass was dried in a stream of dry air at 40°C. A second layer was similarly applied over the resulting layer, vertically pressed and dried. This sequence of operations was repeated several times until a homogeneous layered material 2-5 mm thick was obtained, the continuous phase of which consists of polyvinyl versatate with hermetically closed pores containing perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone as a fire extinguishing agent.

The product was detached from the rigid substrate and cut into a circle with a diameter of 30 mm. The resulting device successfully passed the repetitive test described in Example 11.

Example 9

5 kg of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, 2 kg of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and 500 g of Suprasec 2067 polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate were dispersed in an autoclave.

The resulting dispersion was added and small drops were introduced through a jet into a solution consisting of 1.1 kg Jeffamine D-2000, 0.45 kg Jeffamine T-5000, 3.5 kg Jeffamine D-400, 1.025 kg Jeffamine D-230, 0.1 kg DEDTA 80, 0.25 kg Ethacure 420, 0.35 kg of dioctyl phthalate and 0.055 kg of coal, at room temperature under pressure to avoid boiling freon due to the heat released during the reaction. The mixture obtained after curing was separated from the excess of amine and washed with 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane. The resulting composition was extruded in a thin layer (0.3–0.5 mm), subjected to a vertical pressing step to obtain longitudinally arranged pores, and recured in a Suprasec 2067 aerosol. The second and subsequent layers were similarly applied over the obtained layer until the thickness of the layered material was 2–5 mm.

The obtained polymeric material was cut in the form of a circle with a diameter of 35 mm. The resulting device successfully passed the repetitive test described in Example 11.

Example 10

ISO g of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and 460 g of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane were mixed in an autoclave. To the mixture was added 110 g of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and stirred vigorously for 1 hour at 25°C. Then, stirring was stopped and the mixture was left to settle until complete separation for 3 h, after which the lower phase was separated and dispersed under an excess pressure of 5 atm in a nitrogen atmosphere in a solution of 5.3 g of PVA in 2.2 L of water at 0°C. After obtaining a stable emulsion, the dispersion was stopped and a solution of 335 g of polyethylenepolyamine in 4.4 L of water at 0°C was introduced with slow stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature, then the temperature was raised linearly to 90° C. over three days. After heating was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool spontaneously, depressurized, and washed with water until neutral pH. At the output, 1735 g of an aqueous dispersion of freons was obtained (a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane). Centrifugation was performed to remove excess water.

The resulting aqueous dispersion was mixed with 665 g of an aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl acetate in water containing 7 g of black pigment, and extruded onto a self-adhesive PVC tape "ORAKAL", tightly fixed on a metal substrate, at an overpressure of 1.5-1.8 atm, so that the thickness of the extrudate layer did not exceed 0.3-0.5 mm. The raw material was subjected to vertical pressing to form longitudinal pores in the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The extruded mass was dried in a stream of dry air at 40°C. A second layer was similarly applied over the resulting layer, vertically pressed and dried. This sequence of operations was repeated several times until a homogeneous layered material 2-5 mm thick was obtained, the continuous phase of which consists of polyvinyl versatate with a black pigment with hermetically closed pores, containing a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and 1 ,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, which also acts as a refrigerant.

After the last layer of material had dried, a thermal melting indicator (for which the color changes from white to transparent when the temperature is above 90°C) was applied to the outer surface with a roller.

The product was detached from the rigid substrate and cut into round pieces with a diameter of 20 mm. The resulting device was tested for the ability to repeatedly extinguish fires, described in example 11. After the first stage of testing, the color of the device changed from white to black, which informs that the device has been triggered.

Example 11

To assess the possibility of multiple extinguishing an open flame, a series of experiments were carried out in which porous multilayer materials were used, obtained by the methods described in examples 1-10.

Method for determining multiple fire extinguishing

For the experiment, a cylindrical fire chamber with a height of 8 cm and a diameter of 5 cm (volume 0.16 l) was prepared, at the bottom of which 3 holes 5 mm in diameter were drilled to ensure air circulation. The sample was cut according to the shape of the lid of a cylindrical chamber and glued onto it from the inside. In the lower part of the chamber, an MOS was placed in the center in the form of a cylindrical container 4 cm in diameter and 3 cm deep, which was filled with a mixture of n-heptane (5 ml) and water (10 ml), so that the open flame touched the device sample. The scheme of the fire chamber is shown in Fig. 2. The MOP was ignited, the chamber was covered with a lid with an attached device, and the time for extinguishing the flame source was recorded (stage 1). The experiment was considered successful if the MOP was extinguished within 10 sec.

After complete cooling of the chamber, the cover of the chamber with the sample was subjected to thermal cycling in accordance with GOST 9.707, according to which, according to accelerated aging, 1 test cycle is equivalent to 1 year of operation. The thermal cycling scheme included: 8 hours at a temperature of -60°C, after which the device was slowly heated to +60°C and also kept for 8 hours. After that, the material was kept for 24 hours at room temperature (20-25°C).

Then the fire experiment was repeated five times in a row, similarly to the first one, after each fire experiment, a thermal cycling cycle was carried out. All samples successfully passed the described test cycles.

This example demonstrates the ability of the claimed fire-extinguishing material to repeatedly extinguish fire throughout its entire service life.

The utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a specific embodiment. Other embodiments of the utility model that do not change its essence, as it is disclosed in the present description, may be obvious to specialists.

Accordingly, the utility model should be considered limited in scope only below the following claims of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. Self-contained, reusable fire extinguishing device containing a polymeric material consisting of a continuous solid phase, in which there are many hermetically closed pores filled with an organic halogen-containing substance, while the pores are arranged in several layers, and the continuous solid phase is capable of releasing the contents under the action of an open flame these times in repeated fire-extinguishing cycles. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the continuous solid phase of the polymer material contains organic polymers, characterized by an oxygen index value of 21÷30 vol.%. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pores of the material additionally contain a refrigerant selected from organic halogen-containing substances with a boiling point below 40°C. 4. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that thermosetting polymers selected from the group are used as organic polymers: silicone, polyvinyl alcohol or its derivatives, in particular polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl versatate, polyvinyl butyral, copolymers based on vinyl acetate and ethylene, in particular sevilen, acrylic acid derivatives , styrene and their copolymers, phenol-formaldehyde resins, polyamides, gelatin or mixtures thereof. 5. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the pores of the polymer material contain halogen-containing substances selected from the group: 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane, iodotrifluoromethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3 ,3,3-hexafluoropropane, perfluoropropane, perfluoro-1,2-dimethylcyclobutane, perfluorocyclobutane, perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone, perfluoro-2-methylpentene-2, perfluoro-2-methylpentene-3, tetrachlorethylene, 1,2-dichloroethylene, 1-chloro-3 ,3,3-trifluoropropene, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane and mixtures thereof. 6. Device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the polymer material is coated, which irreversibly changes color when heated or in contact with a flame. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that during the entire period of operation, the loss of pore contents from the material of the claimed device into the atmosphere does not exceed 20% of the total mass of the material, while maintaining the ability to repeatedly extinguish fires under the influence of an open flame. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of a plate, clip, fungus, cambric, ring, spiral, bundle, clamp or other shape that allows you to securely fix the product on the inner surface of the electrical panel or current duct. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that it is made in the form of a round or semicircular plate with a diameter of 15-50 mm and a thickness of 1 to 5 mm, which is fixed in the upper part of electrical installations or electrical products of a closed type.

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