RU2107591C1 - Device for tow-side chamfering in rail holes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: gripping assembly in chamfering device is made as bracket with hinged plate. Bracket is coupled to chamfering assembly through two levers of different arms with two handles which transmit helical motion to two counterbores via ratchet wheels and two mandrels. Attachment and release assembly is represented by screw and nut rotated by two flywheels. For adjustment of counterbore pressure to rail use is made of spring. Two regulated rests are intended for adjustment to different types of rails. EFFECT: more efficient construction. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to technological processes in mechanical engineering and can be used in transport engineering, in particular in railway railway tools.

 A device is known for chamfering from two sides of the hole [1], comprising a housing on which a tool is fixed in the form of a hollow cylinder with cutting tools mounted for radial movement and a rod mounted inside the tool with axial movement and interacting with the inside of the cutting elements , the tool is made with a disputed step located between the protective edges of each cutting element from its inner side, interacting with the shank rod stepped cylindrical belt.

 The disadvantage of this device is its complexity and the lack of the ability to quickly install and remove.

 A device for chamfering [2] is also known, comprising a housing in which a cutting tool is arranged, made in the form of a hollow cylinder with cutting elements capable of radial movement, moreover, a supporting step and a conical surface are made on each cutting element, and placed in the cylinder cavity a spring-loaded rod with a cylindrical belt made on it, which has the ability to interact with the supporting steps, the tool is equipped with two bushings, one of which is mounted on the housing and is intended for For interaction with the workpiece, and the second is fixed on the rod and has the ability to interact through the cutting elements made on the sleeve of the conical surface with the conical surface.

 The disadvantage of the device [2] is the kinematic complexity, the presence of a significant number of parts requiring a high degree of processing, the inability to directly connect to the rail.

 In a tool for chamfering and deburring [3], containing a holder mounted inside it with the possibility of axial movement of the mandrel with cutting elements designed to process the inner bevel, and such cutting elements for processing the outer bevel, and cutting elements designed to process the outer bevel are fixed on the sleeve inserted into the tool and located with the possibility of axial movement in the sleeve holder kinematically connected with the mandrel by means of a ball inserted into the tool and embedded in the holder Cove.

 The disadvantage of this device, in addition to complexity and relatively low reliability, is that it is not suitable for travel conditions.

 Closest to the proposed device is a device for chamfering in the bolt holes of railway rails. It has the form of a grip worn on a rail over its head. Two cutters are inserted into the drilled bolt hole on both sides of the rail and chamfers are removed by turning the handle [4]. The device comprises a gripping unit to be worn on a rail, a chamfering unit containing two cutters and a handle, and a fastening and detaching unit made in the form of levers interacting with the gripping unit.

 The disadvantage of this device, adopted as a prototype, is the lack of a hard circuit of the structure on the rail, the absence of restrictions on the size of the chamfer being removed, the presence of special milling cutters, the inability to vary the feed rate, the inability to control the pressing force of the milling cutters, the absence of a device setting unit for various types of rails.

 An object of the invention is to expand the functionality and improve reliability indicators by simplifying the device, improving the quality of chamfering.

 The task is achieved by the fact that in the device containing the gripping unit, worn on the rail, the chamfering unit and the fixing and unfastening unit, the gripping unit is made in the form of a bracket with a hinged bar, connected through two different levers with two handles transmitting via ratchet wheels and two mandrels screw movement to two countersinks, chamfer limiters kinematically connected to countersinks and forming a chamfering unit, and the fixing and unfastening unit is made in the form of a screw and nut, rigidly connected to mandrels and the floor aspirants rotation of the two flywheels.

 In addition, a spring is used to regulate the force of pressing the countersinks against the rail. For pre-setting on different types of rails, two adjustable stops are used.

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device; in FIG. 2 - general view of the assembly.

 The device comprises a bracket 1, a hinged bar 2, levers 3, a left handle 4, a right handle 5, a ratchet wheel 6, a right handle 7 with a nut made with it, a left mandrel 8, a right countersink 9, a left countersink 10, a value limiter chamfers 11, left and right nuts 12 and 13, spring 14, right handwheel 15, screw 16 connected to the mandrel 8, with the possibility of joint rotation and relative axial movement, left handwheel 17, adjusting stop 18.

 The bracket 1 with the folding bar 2 is connected via levers 3 with the left and right handles 4 and 5.

 The handles 4 and 5 through the ratchet wheel 6, the right and left mandrels 7 and 8 respectively transmit the screw movement of the countersinks 9 and 10, the chamfer 11 limiters can be set in relation to the countersinks and adjusted using nuts 12 and 13, the adjustment of the force of the countersink to the rail is carried out using a spring 14, the device is fixed in the hole of the rail by rotating the flywheel 15, and detaches when the flywheel 17 is rotated, adjustment to various types of rails is carried out by rotating the adjusting stops 18.

 The device operates as follows.

 To install the device on the rail, a hinge 2 is used, while the screw 16 passes through the drilled hole in the rail, and the left countersink 10 is set to the extreme position for chamfering. When the bar 2 returns to its original position, the right-hand revision 7 is connected by rotating the flywheel 15 with the screw 16. By rotating the nuts 12 and 13, the stops 11 are set so that the gap between them and the rail bar is a certain value (for example, 1.5 - 2 mm) . Handles 4 and 5 operate in a reciprocating mode (for example, handle 4 forward, and handle 5 - back to the stop), with this movement through ratchet wheels 6 and mandrels 7 and 8, rotational-translational movement is transmitted to countersinks 9 and 10. From - due to the difference in the angle of rotation of the handles 4 and 5 (due to the difference in the leverage of the levers 3, the angle of rotation of the handle 5 is larger), the right countersink 9 is screwed onto the screw 16 through the mandrel at a faster speed than the left, the countersink 10 is turned out, the chamfers are removed until the stops 11 in the rail. After the operation is completed, turning the flywheel 17 counterclockwise, the screw 16 is turned out of the mandrel 7, the hinged bar is pulled up and the device is removed from the rail. To regulate the force of pressing (or pressing) the countersinks against the rail, the spring 14 serves. To adjust the device to various types of rails, the stops 18.

A prototype of the proposed device with the following technical data was manufactured and tested: drive type - manual, type of machined rails P50, P65, P75; the size of the bevels removed from the hole 1.5 - 2.5 x 45 ^o ; average countersink feed 0.25 mm / rev; countersink torque 24 H • m; handle force 100 H; chamfering time from two sides - no more than 1 min; overall dimensions (length • width • height), mm, 240 • 140 • 470; the mass of the device is not more than 5 kg.

 Thus, the proposed device has wider functionality, and also improves performance in terms of reliability compared to the prototype.

 The above information confirms the possibility of carrying out the invention.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for chamfering from two sides in the holes of the rails, comprising a gripping unit to be worn on the rail, a chamfering unit, and a fastening and detaching unit, characterized in that the gripping unit is made in the form of a bracket with a hinged bar connecting through two different-arm levers with two handles transmitting through the ratchet wheels and two mandrels screw movement to two countersinks, chamfer limiters kinematically connected with countersinks and forming a chamfering unit, and the fixing and unfastening unit is made in the form of a screw and nuts rigidly connected to mandrels and receiving rotation from two flywheels.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustment of the clamping force of the countersink to the rail is carried out using a spring located on the axis of the flywheels installed between the mandrel and the screw, which is connected to the mandrel with the possibility of joint rotation and relative axial movement.  3. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the bracket has adjustable stops for adjusting the device to various types of rails.

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