RU2104542C1 - Method for evaluating resistance of human organism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: immunology; prognosis of development of nonspecific inflammatory diseases. SUBSTANCE: patient's blood sample is taken, followed by preparing blood serum in order to determine content of G, M and A class immunoglobulins. Simultaneously, patient's blood is subjected to analysis to determine absolute B-lymphocyte number. Resistance index is calculated using the following formula: RI = (M + G + AB) x 100, where M is M class immunoglobulin content, gl; G is class immunoglobulin content, g/l; A is A class immunoglobunin content, g/l; B is absolute B-lymphocyte number, cl/mcl. If RI values are more than 5.78, resistance of given organism is considered to be high, at 3.04<RI<5.78 it is weakened, and at RI below 3.04 it is low. EFFECT: higher diagnostic accuracy. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, in particular to immunology, and can be used to assess the body's resistance and predict the development of non-specific inflammatory diseases.

 There is a method of evaluating the resistance of an organism by assessing the productive function of one lymphocyte cell in relation to the production of class G immunoglobulins (as.with. 1578657, class G 01 N 33/53, 1990).

 The disadvantage of this method is that it does not allow an early diagnosis of a decrease in body resistance and to predict the risk of developing non-specific infectious and inflammatory diseases, since only the production of class G immunoglobulins is taken into account and Ig M and Ig A are not taken into account, while immunoglobulins of class M and A make up about 25% of immunoglobulins and play an important role in ensuring the body's resistance. Ig M antibodies appear at the first stage of the immune response, performing important protective functions in bacteremia, in the early stages of various infectious and inflammatory processes, and Ig A antibodies are the first to react upon the contact of various pathogens, viruses with mucous membranes, which determines their physiological and pathogenetic significance in the infectious and inflammatory process.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the accuracy of early diagnosis of reducing the body's resistance to non-specific infectious and inflammatory diseases by determining the specific load of the sum of immunoglobulins of classes M, G, A on a potential antibody producer - B-lymphocyte.

 The method is as follows. The subject takes blood from a vein 2.0 ml into a dry test tube and 5.0 ml into a test tube with heparin (1: 25), make a blood smear and count the number of leukocytes in the Goryaev’s chamber. In a blood smear, the percentage of lymphocytes is calculated in a conventional manner. From heparinized blood, lymphocytes in a density gradient ficoll-verographin are isolated by centrifugation (Boyum A., 1968). In a suspension of isolated lymphocytes by the method of complementary rosettes with sheep erythrocytes, the number of EAC-ROCK (B-lymphocytes) is determined (Mendes N.F. et al., 1973). In the blood serum, the content of immunoglobulins of classes M, G, A (g / l) is determined by the method of radial immunodiffusion in a gel according to Mancini G. et al. (1965).

где
M - содержание иммуноглобулинов класса M, г/л;
G - содержание иммуноглобулинов класса G, г/л;
A - содержание иммуноглобулинов класса A, г/л;
B - абсолютное число B-лимфоцитов, кл/мкл;
и вычисляют показатель резистентности ПР.The data obtained (the content of immunoglobulins M, G, A and the absolute number of B-lymphocytes) are substituted into the formula

Where
M is the content of class M immunoglobulins, g / l;
G is the content of class G immunoglobulins, g / l;
A is the content of class A immunoglobulins, g / l;
B - absolute number of B-lymphocytes, cells / µl;
and calculate the index of resistance PR.

 At PR> 8.29, a high resistance of the organism is evaluated, at 3.65 <PR <8.29, it is reduced, and at a PR <3.65, a low resistance of the organism is evaluated.

 Example 1. Surveyed V., 20 years. The results of the first examination: Ig M - 1.4 g / l, Ig G - 23.3 g / l, Ig A - 3.9 g / l, lymphocyte count - 2472 cells / µl, B-lymphocyte content - 875 cells / µl.

 The resistance of the body to non-specific infectious and inflammatory diseases was evaluated by the prototype method and the proposed method. According to the prototype method, the resistance index PR = 0.8, the body resistance is rated as increased. In accordance with the proposed method PR = 3.27, the resistance of the body is rated as low, the high risk of developing non-specific infectious and inflammatory diseases is determined.

 When observed in dynamics, the subject showed signs of a nonspecific infectious and inflammatory disease, namely follicular tonsillitis, acute respiratory infections, which confirmed a decrease in the body's resistance in the previous period and the possibility of predicting the development of the disease.

 Example 2. Patient N., 20 years old. Diagnosis: acute respiratory infections, tonsillitis. Examination results: Ig M - 1.96 g / l, Ig G - 17.12 g / l, Ig A - 11.7 g / l, lymphocyte count - 2448 cells / µl, B-lymphocyte content - 709 cells / µl.

 The resistance of the organism is evaluated by the prototype method and by the proposed method. According to the prototype method, the index of resistance PR = 0.7, the resistance of the body is rated as normal, in accordance with the proposed method PR = 2.93. body resistance is assessed as low, a high risk of a long-term course of non-specific infectious and inflammatory diseases is determined.

 When observed in dynamics after 1 week, the patient retained signs of a nonspecific infectious and inflammatory disease, which confirmed a decrease in the body's resistance in the previous period, the prolonged course of the inflammatory process and determined the indications for immunostimulating therapy. The patient was given immunostimulating therapy with a positive clinical effect.

 Example 3. Surveyed D., 20 years old, examined in dynamics. The results of the first examination: Ig M - 0.6 g / l, Ig G - 18.36 g / l, Ig A - 2.08 g / l, lymphocyte count 2240 cells / µl, B-lymphocyte content - 500 cells / µl.

 The resistance of the body to non-specific infectious and inflammatory diseases was evaluated by the prototype method and the proposed method. According to the prototype method, the resistance index PR = 0.82, the resistance of the body is rated as increased. In accordance with the proposed method, PR = 3.72, the resistance of the body is estimated as reduced, the high risk of developing non-specific infectious and inflammatory diseases is determined.

 When observed in dynamite, the subject developed signs of a nonspecific infectious and inflammatory disease: follicular tonsillitis and acute respiratory infections were diagnosed, i.e. conclusions about a decrease in body resistance in the previous period and the possibility of developing the disease were confirmed.

 Assessment of resistance by the proposed method made it possible to predict its development at an early stage (without visible signs of the disease), and in the case of a developed disease, its course and tactics of immunostimulating therapy.

 The correctness of the conclusions was confirmed by the results of monitoring and statistical processing of a specific indicator characterizing the total load of immunoglobulins of classes M, G, A on a potential immunoproducer - B-lymphocyte - in a homogeneous group of individuals. The monitoring of the state of health and indicators of the immune status of 85 men aged 18-20 years, who are in the same conditions in an organized team. Monitoring and immunological examination were carried out at certain intervals, the resistance index was calculated by the prototype method and by the proposed method. Depending on the PR value, 2 groups were distinguished: individuals with an initially low PR (25 people) and people with an initially high PR index (60 people) and their actual incidence of non-specific infectious and inflammatory diseases (in%) in the subsequent monitoring period through 1 week. The survey results are presented in the table.

 Thus, the use of the proposed method allows you to identify early changes in the immune status, which improves the accuracy of diagnosis of the state of resistance of the body, predicts the risk of developing non-specific inflammatory diseases, determines indications for their early prevention and tactics of immunostimulating therapy by using specific resistance as an evaluation criterion indicator characterizing the total load of immunoglobulins of classes M, G, A on potential anti eloprodutsent B-lymphocyte. The practical significance of the method is also determined by the possibilities of forming in organized groups of the contingent the risk of developing non-specific inflammatory diseases, especially colds, and conducting their early prevention.

Claims (1)

A method for assessing the resistance of an organism, including taking a blood sample, obtaining serum and determining the content of class G immunoglobulins in it, followed by calculating the resistance index, characterized in that the content of class M and A immunoglobulins is additionally determined in serum, the absolute number of B lymphocytes is determined in the blood, and the resistance indicator is calculated by the formula

where M is the content of immunoglobulins of class M, g / l;
G is the content of immunoglobulins of class G, g / l,
A content of class A immunoglobulins, g / l,
In the absolute number of b-lymphocytes, cells / μl,
and at PR> 5.78, the resistance of the organism is estimated as high, at 3.04 <PR <5.78 as reduced, and at PR <3.04 as low resistance.

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