RU2098655C1 - Internal combustion engine sparking control device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; engines. SUBSTANCE: device has high-tension electrode and grounding electrode arranged in insulation housing made in form of transparent tube. Grounding electrode can be installed outside the housing in position at which its contact with high-voltage parts of ignition system is provided to stop sparking on plug of cylinder under checking without removing high-tension wire from spark plug. EFFECT: facilitated checking. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to internal combustion engines, engine building and, in particular, to ignition systems.

Known devices for monitoring the sparking of the ignition system of an internal combustion engine (ICE), including electric sensors of the moment of ignition at top dead center, pulse generator blocks of the sensors, frequency dividers, coincidence circuit and an indicator of uninterrupted sparking [1]
The disadvantage of such devices is the relative complexity and unreliability of the electronic circuit, the need for mounting sensors on the engine, and the inability to determine the malfunction of the spark plug in the engine (for example, in case of shunting).

Purely mechanical devices for controlling spark formation in ICE are also known, made with the possibility of installing or connecting to the place of one of the high-voltage wires leading to the candles, or to the installation site of the high-voltage wire coming from the ignition coil, or to the tip of the high-voltage wire being worn on the candle, or to a wire leading to a candle tip, containing high-voltage and "mass" electrodes placed in an insulating casing [2]
The known device also does not allow to determine the malfunction of the spark plugs. In this case, the efficiency of the spark plug is often determined by the driver idling the engine by removing the wire (by hand) from the spark plug (or tip) and the drop in speed determines whether the plug is working (if the plug is working, the engine speed detected by ear drops). This technique, which is acceptable for contact ignition systems, is unacceptable for contactless ones due to the system switching to large gaps or even an “open circuit” (which cannot be determined by hand manipulation), the output transistor or contactless system switch chip often fail.

 The proposed device differs from the known one in that the insulating body is made in the form of a transparent tube, and the mass electrode is made with the possibility of installing it outside the body in a position in which it is possible to contact it with high-voltage parts of the ignition system to stop sparking on the candle of the cylinder under study without removing the high voltage wire from it.

 The proposed device differs from the known ones also in that the "mass" electrode is made in the form of a thin rod or needle mounted in a bolt screwed into a flange mounted on a transparent tube, and the bolt is made with a threaded shank also screwed into the flange to accommodate the "mass "electrode outside the tube.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device assembled in a transparent plastic tube in an embodiment when it is used as a diagnostic spark gap to check for spark formation; figure 2 the upper (according to the drawing) part of the device at the time of termination of sparking on the candle.

 Due to the mounting of the bolt 5 (Fig. 1) in the flange with the screw part 6, instead of 11, the mass needle 10 turned out to be outside the tube. This gives the spark gap of Fig. 1 a new quality that allows you to turn off the ignition in the test cylinder due to the fact that the operator (not shown) can connect to the "mass" any part through which a high-voltage pulse is transmitted to the test cylinder.

 In FIG. 3 (to illustrate the operation of the devices of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2), the device of FIG. 1, installed in the distributor in place of the high-voltage wire going to one of the engine cylinders. The installation of the device in figure 3 is intended to verify the presence of sparks at this output of the distributor.

 To further explain the operation of the device, it is necessary to identify the terminology and the relationship of the parts shown by the dotted line in figure 2 and 3.

 In figure 2, the dashed lines indicate the contours of the details of the lateral output of the distributor (lateral "nipple") 12, the fittings ("sockets") of the lateral output 13, and also the wire 14 with the tip 15 leading to the test candle (other parts of the distributor and candle are not shown) .

 In Fig. 3, the dispenser parts shown include a plastic cover 17 (only circuits shown) with a central socket into which a wire 18 is inserted, coming from the ignition coil (not shown) with a tip 19 in contact with a metal receiving armature 20 placed in the socket , which in turn is electrically in contact with the valve 21, in which the spring 22 and the central angle 23 are placed. The central angle is in contact with the transfer plate of the runner 24, through which the high-voltage pulse is transmitted to the electrode 25, sredstvenno connected to the armature side of the distributor 13. The high voltage output pulses to the electrode 9 are passed through the gap 26, and in the case of a special tip of the shank of the gap setting can not be. The remaining parts of the distributor are not shown.

 The device of FIG. 1, which is modified in the device of FIG. 2, includes a transparent plastic tube 1, pressed (or glued) into flanges 2 and 3. Flange 2 contains a shank 4 with two diameters made in one piece or connected to the thread. The large diameter makes contact with the fittings in the socket of the distributor or the ignition coil (the contact may not be direct, but through a small spark gap), and the small diameter serves to place the shank in the tip of the high-voltage wire leading to the candle or to the tip of the candle. When molding (unclenching) the tip, the section of the shank with a small diameter can be replaced by a chamfer.

 For better fastening in the distributor socket with a horizontal arrangement on the engine, the shank can, if necessary, also be equipped with a spring tip (not shown in the drawing), or a rubber cap worn on flange 2 and the distributor "nipple". A design of the shank 4 in the form of a needle of figure 1 is possible, on which a high-voltage wire with a tip (not shown) is put on. In this case, there is also no part of the shank with a small diameter, and for contacting the tip of the wire leading to the candle or to the tip of the candle, the tip of the wire also needs to be reformed (unclenched) during inspection, increasing its diameter.

 In flange 3, a bolt 5 with a turnkey head or knurled is fastened to the thread on the thread, the thread in the screw part 11 and on the shank 6 is made the same. A tip 7 with a wire 8 is fastened under the head of the bolt, at the end of which a clamp is attached for connecting to the engine ground (clamp not shown). Instead of a bolt with a threaded shank, a threaded rod with a hole for the needle can be installed. The tube or flange may have breathing holes for deionization (not shown), and also have a non-cylindrical (for example, oval) shape.

 Needles 9 and 10 are coaxially pressed (or glued) into the bolt 5 and the shank 4, between the ends of which a spark gap is formed, which can be adjusted if necessary with washers placed under the bolt head (the needles may not be pointed at a sufficiently small diameter of the rod).

 In FIG. Figure 3 shows the installation of the device in the form of a spark gap (Fig. 1) in the lateral high-voltage output of the distributor, in place of the high-voltage wire leading to the candle. At the same time, depending on the design, the arrester flange 2 can be supported both on the valve of the lateral outlet of the distributor 13 and on the end of the "nipple" of the distributor 12. There is a spark gap 26 between the valve of the outlet of the distributor 13 and the shank of the flange 4, which small size, does not affect the sparking between the needles 9 and 10.

 Needle 10 through a bolt 5, a tip 7 and a wire 8 is connected to the "mass" of the engine (the connection point is not shown).

 The device in the variant of checking the presence of sparking from the distributor operates as follows.

 The driver removes the high-voltage wire from the side electrode of the distributor and puts the proposed device in its place.

 When the engine is scrolled by a starter (preferably without fuel supply), high-voltage pulses arising in the coil (not shown) pass through the central wire 18, tip 19, to the valves 20 and 21, and then through the spring 22 and the angle 23 to the rotary plate of the runner 24, then through the gap between the plate and the side electrode 25 to the valve 13 and through the spark gap 26 to the potential needle 9 and then through the spark indicator gap to the “mass” needle 10 and through the wire 8 to the “mass” of the engine.

 The presence of sparks indicates the serviceability of the distribution coil system.

 The absence of sparks indicates a malfunction of any element of the system.

 When placing the device in place of the high-voltage wire coming from the coil, spark formation directly from the coil can be checked. Its absence can indicate either a malfunction of the coil itself, or a deregulated breaker in the distributor, or worn contacts.

 The absence of sparking from the side electrode of the distributor, if there is one on the coil, may indicate a malfunction of the runner (most often the resistor in the runner) or the cover itself.

 When fuel is supplied, the engine can start on three cylinders and the driver can observe sparking between the needles during operation. Similarly, the driver can check for a spark in the wire directly in front of the candle, for which the tip of the wire, worn on the candle or on the candle tip, is worn on the shank 4, and the wire 8 is massaged. The device can be held in hands without being struck by a high voltage current, as part of the device is massaged through the bolt and wire 8, and the plastic tube is also an insulator.

 To test the spark plugs, the previously installed spark gap (Fig. 3) is removed and a high-voltage wire is put in its place, for example, 14 (Fig. 2).

 The engine starts and idles.

 The massing needle 10 (Figs. 1 and 2) is placed outside the tube due to the use of a screw part 6, instead of 11, after which the operator periodically closes the needle to any high-voltage part connected to the cylinder under study (in Fig. 2 this is the valve of the lateral outlet of the distributor). As a result, the high-voltage impulses of a candle of a given cylinder periodically close to ground and are absent from the candle. If the engine speed drops when it is shorted to ground, which is usually clearly audible, the spark plug in this cylinder is serviceable, if the speed does not change, the spark plug does not work. Similarly, you can test the candle by locking the high-voltage lugs on the wires near the candle, or near the tip of the candle, and also in any accessible place with a needle.

Claims (2)

 1. A device for controlling spark formation in an internal combustion engine, configured to install or connect in place of one of the high voltage wires leading to the candles, or in place of the high voltage wire coming from the ignition coil, or into the tip of the high voltage wire worn on the candle, or to the wire leading to the candle tip, containing high-voltage and "mass" electrodes placed in an insulating casing, characterized in that the insulating casing is made in the form of a transparent tube, and "mass the high "electrode is made with the possibility of installing it outside the housing in a position in which it is possible to contact it with high-voltage parts of the ignition system to stop sparking on the candle of the cylinder under study without removing the high-voltage wire from it.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the "bulk" electrode is made in the form of a thin rod or needle mounted in a bolt screwed into a flange mounted on a transparent tube, and the bolt is made with a threaded shank for screwing into the flange when placed " mass "electrode outside the tube.

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