RU2096804C1 - Radar target indication system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radar equipment. SUBSTANCE: device has two stations: master and slave ones which are connected to by means of radio control lines. Master station has topographic reference unit and serial circuit of antenna control unit and automatic distance meter, target indication computer and radio control line. First output of topographic reference unit is connected to second input of target indication computer. Slave station has topographic reference unit, inclination detector and serial circuit of control radio line, target indication computer and antenna control unit, and automatic distance meter. First output of topographic reference unit and output of inclination detector are connected to second and third inputs of target indication computer respectively. Serial circuit of difference calculation unit, base and direction detection unit and gate generator are introduced at master station to accomplish the goal of invention. First and second inputs of difference calculation unit are connected to second output of topographic reference unit and output of control radio line respectively. Second output of antenna control unit and automatic distance meter are connected to second input of gate generator, which output is connected to second input of control radio line. Serial circuit of coordinate converter, difference calculation unit, comparison unit and control unit are introduced at slave station to accomplish the goal of invention. Input of coordinate converter is connected to output of antenna control unit and automatic distance meter. Second input of difference unit is connected to second output of target indication computer. Second input of comparison unit is connected to second output of control radio line. Outputs of control unit and topographic reference unit are connected to corresponding inputs of control radio line. EFFECT: increased probability of target indication when simultaneously several targets are present in system operation range. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to radar technology and can be used in radar systems for target designation and identification of objects.

Known radar target designation (radar TSU), containing two spatially combined or spaced stations [1]
Also known is the control center radar, which contains two stations connected by means of a control radio line, one of which the leading one contains a topo-loader (TP) and a series-connected antenna control system and a self-range finder (SUA and AD), a counting-critical target designation device (SRPVTsU) and a control radio line (RRL) ), and the first output of the topographic coupler is connected to the second input of the calculating and deciding device for issuing target designation, and the other slave contains the topographic bin, tilt sensor and series-connected radio control line, counting target indicating device (SRP TsU) and an antenna control system and a self-range finder, with the first output of the topographic sensor and the output of the tilt sensor connected to the second and third inputs of the target decoding device, respectively [2]
A disadvantage of the known control system is a decrease in the probability of target designation compared to the set if there are several targets in the system’s coverage area.

 The reason for this drawback is that the determination of the size of the zone is carried out in it, based only on the resulting maximum errors of working off the control unit at the appropriate coordinates without taking into account the possible hit of several (true or false) targets, their number, the current spatial position of the targets relative to the leading one and slave stations, the relative position of the stations relative to each other in range and direction, as well as other factors affecting the quality (probability) of the task Indications.

 The claimed invention is aimed at solving the problem of increasing the probability of target designation in the presence of several goals in the system coverage area.

 The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the radar of the control center, containing two stations connected by means of the RLS, one of which the master contains TP and serially connected by the SUA and AD, SRPVCU and RLU, the first output of the TP connected to the second input of the SRPVCU, and the other slave contains TP , the tilt sensor and series-connected RLU, SRP TsU and SUA and HELL, and the first output TP and the output of the tilt sensor are connected to the second and third inputs of the SRP TsU, respectively, are additionally introduced at the master station in series connected block different ti, determination unit base and direction and forming unit strobes, the first and second inputs of the difference block are connected to the second output of the TP and the output RLN respectively, the second output SRA and BP is connected to the second input of the block forming gates, whose output is connected to the second input RLN; at the slave station, the coordinate conversion unit, the difference unit, the comparison unit, and the control unit are connected in series, the input of the coordinate conversion unit being connected to the output of the ACS and HELL, the second input of the difference unit is connected to the second output of the control unit, the second input of the comparison unit is connected to the second output , and the outputs of the control unit and TP are connected to the corresponding outputs of the RLU.

 In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of the claimed object, figure 2 is a single coordinate system for solving the target designation problem, figure 3 figure showing the possibility of increasing the probability of target designation in the implementation of the invention.

 Structurally, the control center radar consists of a master and a slave station, containing (see Fig. 1) 1 tilt sensor, 2, 7 ACS and HELL, 3 SRPVTSU, 4, 5 RLU, 6 - SRP TsU, 8, 9 TP, 10, 11 difference blocks, 12 coordinate transformation unit, 13 base and direction determination unit, 14 strobe formation unit, 15 comparison unit, 16 control unit.

 The device operates as follows (see figures 1 and 2).

выбранной цели относительно ее точки стояния: дальность R_1k, азимут β_1k, угол места ε_1k.At the leading station, the spherical coordinates of the k-th are measured by the radar signals received by it from the SUA and AD

the selected target relative to its standing point: range R _1k , azimuth β _1k , elevation angle ε _1k .

Voltages or codes proportional to the measured values of the coordinates are fed to the input of SRPVCU 3, where the rectangular coordinates of the point of standing of the leading station (x _1TP , y _1TP ) relative to the beginning of a single coordinate system (reference point) are also input from TP 8.

которые посредством РЛУ 4, 5 передаются на ведомую станцию. СРП ЦУ 6 с помощью ТП 9 преобразуют эти координаты к точке стояния ведомой станции: сначала в прямоугольные
x_2k=x_1k-x_2ТП;
y_2k=y_1k-y_2ТП;
h_2k=h_1k, (2)
а затем в сферические

При необходимости в СРП ЦУ 6 производится учет углов наклона и разориентирования, измеряемых датчиком наклона 1 и ТП 9 (см.[2] с.46.49).SRPVTsU 3 produced the rectangular coordinates of the center relative to the reference point:

which are transmitted via the RLU 4, 5 to the slave station. SRP TsU 6 using TP 9 transform these coordinates to the standpoint of the slave station: first into rectangular
x _2k = x _1k -x _2TP ;
y _2k = y _1k -y _2TP ;
h _2k = h _1k , (2)
and then into spherical

If necessary, the SRP TsU 6 takes into account the slope and disorientation angles measured by the tilt sensor 1 and TP 9 (see [2] p. 46.49).

, причем в общем случае при наличии нескольких целей в зоне l ≢ k), СУА 2 и АД 7 измеряют сферические координаты обнаруженной цели относительно точки стояния своей станции: дальность R_2l, азимут β_2l, угол места ε_2l Напряжения или коды, пропорциональные измеренным значениям координат, подаются на вход блока преобразования 12, на выходе которого вырабатываются прямоугольные координаты l-ой цели:

Эти координаты в блоке разности 11 вычитаются из соответствующих координат целеуказания x_2k, y_2k, h_2k, поступающих из СРП ЦУ 6, образуя разности

которые, в свою очередь, подаются на вход блока сравнения 15.ASA 2 and AD 7 process the obtained data of the control center and additionally search for the target in the zone, the dimensions of which provide a given probability of target designation (usually they tend to make it close to unity). After the slave station detects the l-th target in the indicated zone (

and moreover, in the general case, when there are several targets in the zone l ≢ k), SUA 2 and AD 7 measure the spherical coordinates of the detected target relative to the station’s standing point: range R _2l , azimuth β _2l , elevation angle ε _2l Tensions or codes proportional to the measured coordinate values are fed to the input of the conversion unit 12, the output of which produces the rectangular coordinates of the l-th target:

These coordinates in the difference block 11 are subtracted from the corresponding target designation coordinates x _2k , y _2k , h _2k coming from the PSA of the control unit 6, forming the differences

which, in turn, are fed to the input of the comparison unit 15.

To the second input of the comparison unit from the output of the forming unit 14, gates are supplied through the RLU 4, 5, the dimensions of which according to the corresponding coordinates Δx _page , Δy _page , Δh _page provide the specified probability of target designation.

подаются на вход блока определения базы и направления 13. В данном блоке реализуются зависимости

где b₁₂ расстояние (база) между ведущей и ведомой станциями;
β₁₂ азимут ведомой станции относительно ведущей.To do this, in the block of difference 10 from the coordinates of the topographic location of TP 8 are deducted the corresponding coordinates of TP 9 that have passed RLU 4 and 5, and the resulting differences

fed to the input of the base and direction determination unit 13. Dependencies are implemented in this unit

where b _{12 is the} distance (base) between the master and slave stations;
β ₁₂ azimuth of the slave station relative to the master.

где r $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ = R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ •cos²ε_1k квадрат дальности от ведущей станции до k-ой цели в горизонтальной плоскости;
r $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2k}}$ = r $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ +b $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{12}}$ +2r_1k•b₁₂•cos(β₁-β₁₂) квадрат дальности от ведомой станции до k-ой станции в горизонтальной плоскости;
h $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2k}}$ = h $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ = R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ •sin²ε_1k квадрат высоты k-ой цели относительно горизонта;

квадрат косинуса азимута k-ой цели относительно ведомой станции;
R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2k}}$ = R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ + b $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{12}}$ + 2R_1kb₁₂cosε_1k•cosβ_1k квадрат наклонной дальности от ведомой станции до k-ой цели;

квадрат синуса угла места k-ой цели относительно ведомой станции;
σ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{R}}$ , σ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{β}}$ , σ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{ε}}$ , σ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{ТП}}$ дисперсии ошибок измерения дальности, азимута, угла места цели и топопривязки станций.These data are entered into the gate formation block 14, where, together with the current target coordinates, measured by the ACS and HELL, and the given variances (rms values) of the errors of their measurement and topographic location are used to determine and set the required gate sizes in accordance with the formulas

where r $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ = R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ • cos ² ε _{1k the} square of the distance from the leading station to the k-th target in the horizontal plane;
r $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2k}}$ = r $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ + b $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{12}}$ + 2r _1k • b ₁₂ • cos (β ₁ -β ₁₂ ) the square of the distance from the slave station to the k-th station in the horizontal plane;
h $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2k}}$ = h $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ = R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ • sin ² ε _{1k the} square of the height of the k-th target relative to the horizon;

the square of the cosine of the azimuth of the k-th target relative to the slave station;
R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2k}}$ = R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1k}}$ + b $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{12}}$ + 2R _1k b ₁₂ cosε _1k • cosβ _{1k the} square of the slant range from the slave station to the k-th target;

the square of the sine of the elevation angle of the k-th target relative to the slave station;
σ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{R}}$ , σ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{β}}$ , σ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{ε}}$ , σ $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{TP}}$ variance of errors in measuring range, azimuth, elevation angle of the target, and topographic location of stations.

 Formulas (8) are obtained if, in (5), instead of simultaneous coordinates, substitute their values from (4), (2), (1) sequentially, taking into account the obvious ones from FIG. 2 geometric relations and apply to the expression obtained the probability theory theorem on the variance of a function of several independent variables under the assumption that stations are equal (see Wentzel ES, Probability Theory. M. Fizmatgiz, 1969, pp. 255-262).

и по каждому результату сравнения вырабатываются сигналы 1 или 0 (при положительном или отрицательном результате соответственно), поступающие в блок управления 16.In the comparison block 15, the coordinates of the kth and lth targets are identified (identified) by checking the fulfillment of the conditions (gating)

and for each comparison result, signals 1 or 0 are generated (with a positive or negative result, respectively), which enter the control unit 16.

 In control unit 16, according to one of the rules “3 of 3” or “2 of 2” (upon receipt of all three or two units, respectively, 3 “AND” or 2 “AND”), a sign of identification of the kth and lth goals k is formed ≡ l and the signal for working out the control unit is generated, stopping the issuing of target designation through the RLU.

 It follows from the foregoing that the inventive radar system, thanks to the introduction of new significant features into it, is able to successfully solve the target designation problem even if there are several targets in the zone of its operation.

 The implementation of the features of the invention 1.9 (see figure 1) is known and can be performed in the same way as in the prototype (see [2]).

 The newly introduced features (blocks 10.16, as well as communications between them and other elements of the system) can be implemented on the basis of existing analog or digital circuitry. So, difference blocks 10, 11 can be subtraction schemes (a combination of an inverter and an adder), coordinate transformation blocks 12, base and direction determination 13, gate formation 14 can be made in the form of programmable (customizable) special computers that implement dependencies of the form (4) , (7), (8), the comparison unit 15 can be built as a comparator, and the control unit 16 as a functional device on combinational logic elements AND, OR, NOT.

 A comparison of the known and proposed TsU radar shows that if there are several targets in the system’s coverage area, the latter provides a higher probability of target designation.

Indeed, the probability of targeting, by analogy with [2, p. 155,156] [1, p. 10,12], can be represented as
P _tsu = P _tsuq • (1-P _tsul ), (10)
where P _{cu the} probability of CU;
P _{tsuk the} probability of getting into the TsU zone (gates Δx _p , Δy _p , Δh _p ) of the k-th target;
(1-P _target ) probability of missing the _target area (strobes Δx _page , Δy _page , Δh _page ) of the l-th target.

The dimensions of the control zone (gates) according to the corresponding coordinates are selected in both systems from the need to ensure a given and equal probability P _tsuk _ → 1.

 The difference is that in the well-known control center radar these gates are selected from the calculation of the maximum and constant values of target designation errors, and in the new system, the sizes of the gates are adapted to the position of targets and stations in space in accordance with the dependences (8).

где N_ЦНА>N_ЦА количество целей, попавших в неадаптированные и адаптированные стробы соответственно. Достигаемый при этом выигрыш числено равен отношению вероятностей (1-P_цуl) для новой и известной систем и в геометрической интерпретации выражается отношением объемов неадаптированных и адаптированных стробов ЦУ.Therefore, the size of the gates in the new system is smaller than in the previously known one, the probability of hitting other targets (P _tsl ) decreases, and the overall probability of targeting (P _tsul ) increases with

_TsNA where N> N _CA number of targets caught in the unadapted and adapted strobes respectively. The gain achieved in this case is numerically equal to the probability ratio (1-P _code ) for the new and known systems and in geometric interpretation is expressed by the ratio of the volumes of the non-adapted and adapted control gates.

As an example, figure 3 shows the results of a simulation of the radar if there are two targets in the control zone and the following initial data corresponding to typical radar stations and targets:
range (R _1k ), m 50 • 10 ³
azimuth (β _1k ), degrees 45
height (h _1k ), m 3000
distance between targets (r _kl ), m 1500
distance between master and slave stations (b ₁₂ ), m 5000
azimuth of the slave station relative to the leading (β ₁₂ ), deg. 45
Standard deviation of range measurement errors (σ _R ), m 150
RMSE for measurement of angles (σ _β , σ _ε ), degrees 0.5
RMSE of station topographic errors by coordinates (s _TP ), m 150
From (11) it is seen that by adapting the number of targets in the gates decreases _TsNA N = 2 to N = _CA 1, and increases the likelihood of targeting from 0.5 to 1.

 The use of the inventive radar TSU in addition to solving the main problem allows you to use the leading radar coordinate support slave station, operating in a passive mode or in conditions of interference, to ensure its secrecy, noise immunity and survivability; carry out reliable identification (identification) of the coordinates of targets observed by several radar stations; select true and false (imitated) targets that affect the radar system.

Claims (1)

 A radar target designation system comprising two stations connected by radio control lines, one of which the master contains a topographic sensor and a series-connected antenna control system and a self-range finder, a tally target designation device and a radio control line, the first output of the topographic tester connected to the second input of the tally device target designation, and the other slave contains a topographic device, an inclination sensor and series-connected radio control line, target designation and an antenna control system and a self-range finder, and the first output of the topographic binder and the output of the tilt sensor are connected to the second and third inputs of the target designation and solving device, respectively, characterized in that the difference station, the base and direction determination unit are additionally introduced in the lead station, and a strobe forming unit, the first and second inputs of the difference unit being connected to the second output of the topper and the output of the control radio line, respectively, the second output with the antenna and auto-range finder control circuits are connected to the second input of the strobe forming unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the control radio line, and the coordinate conversion unit, the difference unit, the comparison unit, and the control unit are additionally introduced in the slave station, the input of the coordinate conversion unit being connected to the output of the antenna control system and the auto range finder, the second input of the difference unit is connected to the second output of the calculating and deciding target designation device, the second input of the comparison unit The control unit is connected to the second output of the control radio line, and the outputs of the control unit and topo-binder are connected to the corresponding inputs of the control radio line.

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