RU2095950C1 - Soil tillage tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: tillage tool has collector 1, fork 2 removably connected with collector 1, handle and cutting head 7. Carrier wheel 3 is mounted on fork 2. Handle is made in the form of leading shank 4 with supporting steering device 5. Cutting head 7 is formed as flat cutter or plow mounted on retaining tines 9. EFFECT: increased efficiency, simplified construction and improved quality of soil. 6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to tools for manual cultivation of the soil, in particular to tools for weeding and cultivating rows of different crops, for example tomatoes, potatoes, beets, corn, sunflowers, etc. plots.

 Known hand tools for weeding row spacings, hilling, etc. for example glanders or tillage tools (see ed. St. N 1554783, BI N 13, 1990), containing a handle, hollow holder, a knife in the form of a plate with edges along the entire perimeter with the ability to adjust its installation angle and fixation, the knife plate is equipped with teeth dividers.

 However, when working, this device is limited in its technological capabilities, productivity, while working with it requires quite a lot of effort.

 Known multi-body plow (see patent N 358801, BI N 34, 1972), including a frame with plow bodies, each of which has a lateral and horizontal cutting edges. During operation, this device is limited in its technological capabilities and requires considerable effort.

 The prototype is a soil tillage device (see ed. St. N 1607698, BI N 43, 1990), containing a frame with support wheels, a handle and a bed, on which the working body, wheels with lugs and pedals connected to the support wheels and lug wheels through the front link suspension mechanism. However, this rather complex device is limited in its technological capabilities.

 The purpose of the invention is the simplification and expansion of technological capabilities, as well as improving transportation capabilities.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for tillage containing a handle holder, a cutting element, a support wheel, a central manifold is introduced, made, for example, in the form of a ring to which a fork with a support wheel inserted into it, a handle holder are detachably connected in the form of a leading rack with a steering wheel and a cutting nozzle on the fixing racks with the possibility of regulation relative to the racks.

 The cutting nozzle can be made in the form of a flat knife, or in the form of a plow with front and side cutting edges. Moreover, the cutting edges of the plow are made, as far as possible, the thinnest.

 In the proposed simple device, the applied force to overcome the resistance of the earth during operation is not transmitted directly to the hands of the soil cultivator, but to the wheel, due to the fact that the machine that moves during operation works almost directly without bending. In addition, the device is moved by pulses with a short pause. In the presence of a support wheel, the sliding friction of the knife in the soil is partially replaced by rolling friction, which greatly facilitates the work and increases the ease of use.

 The device itself is easy to assemble, disassemble and fit, for example, in a backpack for transportation.

 When using a cutting nozzle in the form of a flat knife, there is no need to remove the knife from the soil, which speeds up the weeding process.

 When using a cutting nozzle in the form of a plow, its entry into the ground is facilitated by making plow knives from a material with the thinnest cutting edges, and productivity is increased due to the presence of additional cutting edges on the sides.

 The ability to control the angle of entry into the soil of the cutting edges increases labor productivity and reduces the fatigue of the worker, making it easy to apply to various working conditions and type of soil.

 The introduction of the central manifold as the basis of the device, on which the remaining elements of the device are detachably mounted, dramatically expands the technological capabilities of the device and improves the possibility of its transportation, turning it into a multi-purpose one and making it as portable as possible.

 These differences from the prototype allow us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criterion of "Novelty", and a comparison of the available features with the indicated advantages allows us to state that the technical solution has an "inventive step".

 In FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a soil treatment apparatus with a cutting nozzle in the form of a flat knife, and FIG. 2 - modification of the device with a cutting nozzle in the form of a plow.

 A manual tillage tool contains a collector 1 located in the central part of the device and made in the form of a ring. A fork 2 is detachably attached to it, into which the support wheel 3 is inserted, the driving strut 4 is detachably connected to the central manifold 1. The supporting steering wheel 5 is detachably fixed to the driving strut 4 using the coupling 6. The cutting nozzle 7, made in the form of a flat knife or plow, fixed movably on the fixing racks 9, which are detachably connected to the central collector 1. Moreover, the possibilities of entering the soil of the cutting nozzle 7 are regulated by screws 8.

 When making the cutting nozzle in the form of a plow, the latter contains a tip 10 in its front part, wings 12 on the sides, which are made in the form of a groove with side cutting edges 11 bent forward.

The handle holder 4 is mounted on the collector 1 at a small angle to the vertical (10 30 ^o ) and has a length from the collector to the level of half-bent human hands of average height of about 700 mm. The wheel can be taken from the bike, the diameter of the collector 1 is 50 to 70 mm. The height of the cutting nozzles together with the fixing racks is of the order of the radius of the used wheel. The material of the cutting nozzles can be quite light, but strong alloys based on iron and similarly well-sharpened materials.

 A device with a flat knife for weeding works as follows. On the device assembled at the site, the cutting nozzle 7 is mounted in the form of a flat knife at the desired cutting angle and fixed relative to the racks 9 with the help of screws 8. Weeding takes the device behind the steering wheel 5 and pushes it along the weed strip with hands. In this case, the cutting nozzle 7 buried in the soil in the form of a knife, resting on the wheel 3, cuts the roots of the weeds, turns the seeds and simultaneously loosens the soil. Cut and inverted weeds, if they have already grown, remain behind the device and dry out. Seeds that pass through the vegetative period lose their connection with the soil and stop growing. For a season, for example, in Ukraine, the device can carry out 3 4 weeding. Particularly productive weeding the proposed device after rain.

 A device for tillage with a cutting nozzle 7 in the form of a plow, which can be used for hilling or making a boundary, works as follows. The worker jerks the device forward between the plants, holding the steering wheel 5, and transfers the force through the driving rack 4, the central manifold 1, the driven fork 2 to the support wheel 3, which, moving, carries with it the cutting nozzle passing through the collector 1 and the rack 9. 7, in this case, a plow. The plow with its tip 10 cuts into the soil, and the necessary grip and cutting depth are set by the adjusting screws 8. When hilling, the person working with the hand tool makes several passes: with the first pass, the point 10 cuts into the soil and makes a small groove, the second pass in the same place, the depth of the groove increase, and in the third and fourth passes, the groove-between is finally formed. At the same time, as the boundary deepens and expands, the soil is cut not only by the tip of the plow 10, but also by the cutting edges 11 at the edges of the plow, and the soil cut off during movement is directed along the plow groove to the blade of the wings 12 and further to the base of the plant stems.

 To date, prototypes of the device have been developed and manufactured, which have shown in action the already noted advantages of the proposed device in relation to a number of similar devices for tillage.

Claims (6)

 1. A device for tillage, including a handle in the form of a driving rack connected to the support wheel, and a cutting nozzle, characterized in that on the base of the rack there is a collector connected to the supporting wheel by means of a fork and to the cutting nozzle by means of fixing racks, while the end of the driving rack is equipped with a steering wheel.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fork, handle, locking racks are fixed detachably.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector is made in the form of a cylinder.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting nozzle is fixed with the possibility of regulation relative to the fixing racks.  5. The device according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the cutting nozzle is made in the form of a flat knife.  6. The device according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the cutting nozzle is made in the form of a plow with front and side cutting edges.

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