RU209487U1 - Technological carriage profile for low-rise wooden buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction, in particular, it can be used in the manufacture of wooden buildings from a gun carriage. A type of carriage profile is known, in which there are flat side surfaces, a rounded upper part, and a longitudinal groove of a semicircular shape is located below. This profile is characterized by ease of manufacture and can be produced both manually and on equipment, and also provides the necessary thermal performance in the construction of buildings. However, this profile has two drawbacks: 1. the sharp edges of the longitudinal groove are easily damaged during transportation and other production operations. It is not possible to repair such damage; 2. when using the carriage on automated equipment, difficulties arise when moving the carriage in the “sideways” position using feeders, due to the asymmetric upper and lower profile shapes. The objective of the claimed utility model is to reduce material costs when using the carriage in production, as well as increasing the efficiency of production when using the gun carriage in automated technological processes. The technical result achieved in the implementation of this utility model is: a reduction in the number of defective beams due to the chipped edge of the longitudinal groove, and in the simplification of equipment and processes used to move the carriage in automated production. To achieve the technical result, a carriage profile is proposed, in which there are flat side surfaces, a rounded upper part, a semicircular longitudinal groove is located below, characterized in that: 1. the edges of the longitudinal groove have a reinforcing rounding of 4 mm; 2. in the upper and lower parts of the carriage there are flat parallel technological platforms for moving or fixing the beam during the production process.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, in particular, it can be used in the production of wooden buildings from a double-edged beam (or gun carriage). A type of carriage profile is known, in which there are flat side surfaces, a rounded upper part, and a longitudinal groove of a semicircular shape is located below. This profile is characterized by ease of manufacture and can be produced both manually and on equipment, and also provides the necessary thermal performance in the construction of buildings. However, this profile has two disadvantages: 1. The sharp edges of the longitudinal groove are easily damaged during transportation and other production operations. It is not possible to repair such damage; 2. when using the carriage on automated equipment, difficulties arise when moving the carriage in the “on its side” position using feeders, due to the asymmetric upper and lower profile shapes.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to reduce material costs when using a carriage in production, as well as to increase production efficiency when using a carriage in automated technological processes.

The technical result achieved in the implementation of this utility model is a reduction in the number of defective beams due to the chipped edge of the longitudinal groove, and in the simplification of equipment and processes used to move the carriage in automated production.

To achieve the technical result, a carriage profile is proposed, in which there are flat side surfaces, a rounded upper part, a semicircular longitudinal groove is located at the bottom, characterized in that the edges of the longitudinal groove have a rounding of 4 mm, as well as the presence of flat areas in the upper and lower parts.

Carriage wooden houses are usually made according to Norwegian technology and have the corresponding type of corner joints, but can also be assembled using a more common type of connection, for example, in half a tree.

The carriage profile used for wall construction originated in the Scandinavian countries and has been used for several centuries (Fig. 1). The technology of its manufacture involves sawing two slabs on the sides and sampling a longitudinal groove from below. Since all operations were carried out manually, the straightness tolerance of the longitudinal groove was around 5 mm (both horizontally and vertically). In order to level out the errors in the manufacture of the longitudinal groove and, as a result, to obtain a warm building, the edges of the groove were made pointed (Fig. 1, local view A).

During the further assembly of the house, when the next beam was installed in its place in the log house, the pointed edges of the groove could be pressed quite deeply into the lower carriage and compensate for the unevenness in the manufacture of both the groove itself and the lower carriage. Especially when a heavy roof with turf, traditional for the Norwegian style, was mounted on top, which further strengthened this process.

Additionally, the pressing of the edges of the carriage can also be increased by means of tie rods (patent FI20001428 - TENSIONING DEVICE FOR A LOG STRUCTURE / tie element of a wooden structure). Such devices are widely used in the construction of wooden houses from profiled timber, round logs and others. In the upper log (beam, carriage) a thrust part is made, which is fixed from rotation. A technological niche is sawn in the lower log for access to the lower part of the hairpin for subsequent tightening. This design has three main disadvantages: 1) the rise in the cost of construction due to additional components and work on their installation (holes, studs, upper nuts with an emphasis and lower ones are ordinary); 2) the need to organize technological holes in the lower beams, as well as access to these holes and ensure the periodicity of pulling the studs; 3) condensation appears on the metal elements inside the wall, which causes them to rust, as well as the appearance of mold or rotting wood.

The pointed edge on the carriage has at least one drawback - it is rather fragile. Initially, the houses were built right in their place, so there was no need to dismantle the house for subsequent transportation, and this drawback was not a big problem.

Everything changed when productions appeared that made houses from a gun carriage. Firstly, the house is now assembled at least twice: once at the factory, the second time at the customer's site. Secondly, the carriage is most often manufactured and profiled in one production area, and moved to another to cut corner joints. Thus, the risk of damage to the fragile sharp edge during loading or other production or transport operations has increased significantly.

Modern industries rarely make carriages by hand, more often equipment is used for its profiling (Logosol, Woodmizer and the like). Even home-made machines based on branded ones can provide a gun carriage straightness accuracy of about 1 mm. Any factory machine is guaranteed to fit into these standards. With such a low error in the production of future log beams, there is no great need for a pointed edge of the longitudinal groove. Since the beams in the log house will be laid exactly, and the longitudinal groove will have a touch along the entire length, providing thermal insulation of the building.

This utility model involves the manufacture of a longitudinal groove with edges having a small radius (about 4 mm) (Fig. 2, local view C). This will allow: firstly, to get a stronger edge of the groove, which, after going through the production process, additional assembly of the house and transportation, will not break off, sending the entire beam to marriage. Secondly, the rounding radius ensures that the edges of the groove touch along the line, as with the traditional shape of the edges. Also, a similar radius at the edge of the groove allows it to be pressed into the lower carriage a little and compensate for straightness deviations of up to 2 mm, which is within the tolerances of the equipment.

Comparing this method of sealing the connection of beams with profiled timber structures, one can see at least one difference. For a profiled beam, the contact of the upper and lower beams occurs along a plane (plane-plane). It is impossible to ensure the tightness of such a connection without additional seals and tie elements for two reasons: 1) it is extremely difficult to ensure the perfect junction of two planes; 2) in the process of drying in the wall, the beam bends and twists at the same time, and the corner connection in structures made of profiled timber structurally does not provide fixation of the beams from twisting. Therefore, to ensure a tight connection and protection against blowing through the walls, jute tape or other sealing elements are used in structures made of profiled timber (patent US 8.171.683 B2).

In gun carriage houses, line-to-surface connections are used to protect walls from blowing, which creates a zone of strong pressure at the carriage touch point with a slight deformation of the groove edge to ensure a tight connection, even if the beams have straightness deviations. The second is the Norwegian lock used in the corner connection, which provides a secure fixation of the beam due to the wedging effect. And the third is a heavy roof, which ensures that all beams of the log house are pressed with great effort.

The second improvement in the carriage profile is the manufacture of technological planes in the upper and lower parts (Fig. 2, local views B and C). When using a carriage in a production process, the question inevitably arises of its movement within the production line or between processes, using conveyor equipment. Due to the elongated shape, it is technically more convenient to move the carriage on its side, and then it is necessary to use different shapes of stops or feed / guide rollers on the left and right (convex from the side of the groove and concave from the top). You also need to control that the carriage is always laid with a groove in one direction. This state of affairs complicates the process, increases the cost of equipment due to the use of different types of shaped rollers or stops / clamps (depending on which devices are used on the line).

The use of a carriage with technological platforms is devoid of such disadvantages. The image (Fig. 3) shows an example of the processing of the gun carriage in production. All rollers or stops can have a flat / cylindrical surface, be the same, which increases the standardization of devices and spare parts, and simplifies their manufacture. It also does not matter in which direction the groove at the gun carriage is directed. Even if during the production process it is important which way the groove is turned, the same line devices can carry out operations to move or fix it.

When mounting the carriage in a log house, the technological platforms are hidden inside the longitudinal groove and do not affect the appearance (Fig. 4).

Claims (2)

1. Carriage profile having flat side surfaces and a semicircular longitudinal groove in the lower part, characterized in that it has radius fillets at the edges of the longitudinal groove. 2. The profile of the carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that it has flat parallel technological platforms in the upper and lower parts for the convenience of processing the carriage in the production process.

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