RU2094382C1 - Water treatment portable device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water purification and preparation technologies, reagent-free electrochemical purification and disinfection of drinkable water at home under periodic mode. SUBSTANCE: in agreement with version 1 water treatment portable device includes power supply source 1 of direct pulsating current connected by means of current leads 2 to electrodes 3 and 4 positioned vertically made in the form of coaxially placed cylinders installed in body 5. In this case outer cylinder functions as soluble anode 3 and inner cylinder functions as cathode 4. Holes 6 to feed and discharge treated water are located in upper and lower parts of body. In compliance with version 2 anode is manufactured from bar in the form of cylindrical spiral (coil). EFFECT: enhanced degree of purification, increased reliability of device. 3 cl, 3 dwg , 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to water purification and water treatment technologies and can be used for non-reagent electrochemical treatment and disinfection of drinking water in a batch mode in a domestic environment.

A portable device for electrochemical processing of liquid is known, containing a cylindrical container with a lid, a device for fastening a cone-shaped diaphragm made in the form of two perforated glasses inserted one into the other, electrodes and a power source, while the electrodes are made coaxial and mounted on the lid, the lid is made with cavity in which the power source is located [1]
A known device for wastewater treatment, comprising a housing with a lid, vertically mounted cathodes and soluble anodes, a device for cleaning the surface of the anode, while the anodes and cathodes are made in the form of coaxially placed cylinders, the anodes are mounted with the possibility of vertical movement and rotation around its own axis, in the housing cover has holes in which the upper parts of the anodes and a device for cleaning them are installed [2]
The disadvantages of the known devices are the insufficiently high quality of drinking water treatment and the complexity of their manufacture.

Closest to the proposed is a wastewater treatment device, comprising a housing, an input and output pipe, coaxially arranged electrodes made in the form of truncated cones tapering downward, in the center of the bottom of each electrode, except for the top, a hole is made, holes are also made in the side of the electrodes , the axis of which forms an angle with the vertical axis of the apparatus, a shell filled with a dielectric nozzle, current leads [3] are attached to the upper electrode
The disadvantages of the known device are its overall dimensions, which makes it impossible to use it as a household portable device, and the insufficiently high quality of drinking water obtained with it.

 The objective of the proposed technical solution is to create a simple and reliable household device that provides high quality water treatment.

 The problem is solved in that the device according to option 1 contains a constant pulsating current power supply connected via current leads to vertically arranged electrodes made in the form of coaxially placed cylinders installed in the housing, while the outer cylinder performs the function of a soluble anode, and the inner cylinder performs the function cathode, on the upper and lower parts of the housing are openings for the inlet and outlet of the treated water.

 The device according to option 2 contains a constant pulsating current power supply connected via current leads with vertically arranged electrodes made in the form of coaxially placed cylinders installed in the housing, while the outer cylinder acts as a soluble anode and is made of a rod in the form of a cylindrical spiral, and the inner cylinder performs the function of a cathode, on the upper and lower parts of the housing are openings for the supply and removal of treated water.

 The anode is made of aluminum-containing metal, for example aluminum, an alloy of aluminum with magnesium or silicon, and other known materials.

 The cathode is made of an electrically conductive, corrosion-resistant material, for example, steel, graphite and other known materials.

A comparison of the proposed devices with the known allows you to identify the following distinctive features:
DC ripple power supply;
vertically arranged electrodes made in the form of coaxially placed cylinders, the anode being the outer cylinder;
the execution of the anode according to option 2 of the rod in the form of a cylindrical spiral (coil);
the implementation of the pipes for supplying and discharging water in the form of holes located in the bottom and lid of the housing.

 A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with the prototype allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "Novelty."

 In science and technology, the method of electrochemical treatment of water using vertical coaxial cylindrical and rod electrodes is known (RF application N 93047142, class C 02 F 1/461, 1995). A known technique for performing the contact surface of an electrode with a developed surface, for example in the form of corrugations (RF patent N 2042640, class C 02 F 1/46, 1995). There is also a known technique for performing channels for removing treated water and exhaust gases on the housing cover (ed. St. USSR N 1038294, class C 02 F 1/46, 1983).

 No information was found in the sources of information about the popularity of the claimed combination of essential features providing a new result, namely, a simple small-sized household installation that provides high quality drinking water. In addition, in the device according to option 2, the hallmark of the proposed solution is the implementation of the anode from the rod in the form of a cylindrical spiral (coil). This feature in combination with the rest of the claimed features provides an increase in the quality of water treatment. The combination of a constant pulsating current power source, material and the shape of the electrodes provides a new result. So, when applying a pulsating electric field, the anode execution form provides an electromagnetic field with increased intensity and a certain focus, providing conditions for complex physicochemical treatment, which as a result leads to an improvement in the quality of treated water. In addition, the shape of the anode allows you to get a high contact surface while maintaining the small overall dimensions of the device. The layout of the anode and cathode and the shape of the housing allow for the passage of the treated water without additional structural devices. In addition, this reduces the clogging of the electrodes, ensuring the stability of the device for a long period of time. The material from which the electrodes are made makes it possible to further improve the quality of water purification due to the occurrence of physicochemical processes during the treatment of water with the formation of gel-like metal hydroxides, which in turn effectively sorb contaminants.

 In the proposed technical solution, the combination of the claimed features allows you to get a compact household electrochemical installation, which allows for effective integrated treatment of drinking water.

 All of the above allows us to conclude that the proposed solution meets the criterion of "Inventive Level".

 The inventive device options solve the same problem of the invention, provide one technical result. The inventive options are interconnected by a single inventive concept.

 In FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for water treatment according to option 1, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 schematically shows a device for water treatment according to option 2, a longitudinal section.

 The device contains a power supply of a constant pulsating current 1, current leads 2, anode 3, cathode 4, housing 5, on the upper and lower parts of which holes 6 are made for supplying and discharging water.

 The power supply of a constant pulsating current 1 is placed in a housing made of dielectric material, and is a half-period rectifier of the network load. The current leads 2 are connected to the electrodes and are provided with an insulating sheath 7, forming a rack located along the axial line of the anode 3. The cathode is made of an electrically conductive, corrosion-resistant material, and the anode is made of an aluminum-containing material, forming a galvanic pair. The anode 3 has a cylindrical shape. A cylindrical cathode 4 is placed inside the anode on the racks of the current leads. The anode and cathode are placed in the housing 5, on the upper and lower parts of which there are holes 8 for supplying the treated water and the removal of treated water and exhaust gases. The anode according to option 2 is made of a rod in the form of a cylindrical spiral (coil).

 Devices work as follows.

 The device is placed in the bottom part of the working volume filled with the treated water, and is included in the network. The mains current is converted by means of a power source 1 into a constant pulsating current and fed through current leads 2 to the electrodes 3 and 4. The treated water through holes 6 enters the interelectrode space and is processed. During the processing process, water due to the action of physical forces in the interelectrode space circulates in the housing, providing a flow mode. Exhaust gases exit through openings 6 located in the upper part of the housing and enter the atmosphere. Hydroxides of metals formed during processing (aluminum, iron, magnesium, etc.) adsorb contaminants, forming a dirty brown foam on the surface of the water. The water treatment time of the three-liter working volume is approximately 5 7 minutes. With severe water pollution, the processing time is increased. The end of the water treatment process is monitored visually at the end of the formation of dirty foam. After the process, the water is settled or filtered by known methods.

 The proposed device can be manufactured in the industry by known methods.

 The devices provide complex electro-physical-chemical treatment of water, as a result of which suspended particles, heavy metals, organic compounds, including organochlorines, nitrates, etc. are removed from it. The generated medium promotes the elimination of radionuclides. The resulting water is characterized by transparency, odorless, with a pleasant taste, does not deteriorate when stored for a long period of time (when kept in a closed glass jar for 1 month or more, did not change its properties).

 Comparative characteristics of drinking water before and after treatment using the proposed devices are shown in the table.

Information sources:
1. RF patent N 2040479, cl. C 02 F 1/46, 1995.

 2. Auth. St. USSR N 812738, class C 02 F 1/46, 1981.

 3. Auth. St. USSR N 865827, class C 02 F 1/46, 1981 prototype.

Claims (3)

 1. A portable device for water treatment, containing a DC power source connected by current leads to electrodes placed in the housing, characterized in that the electrodes are vertical in the form of coaxially placed cylinders, while the outer cylinder performs the function of a soluble anode, and the inner cylinder performs cathode function, in the upper and lower parts of the housing are openings for supplying and discharging treated water, and the DC power supply is pulsating.  2. A portable device for water treatment, containing a DC power source connected by current leads to electrodes placed in the housing, characterized in that the electrodes are vertical in the form of coaxially placed cylinders, while the outer cylinder performs the function of a soluble anode and is made of a rod in in the form of a cylindrical spiral, and the inner cylinder performs the function of a cathode, in the upper and lower parts of the housing are openings for the inlet and outlet of the treated water, and the power source DC current is made pulsating.  3. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the anode is made of aluminum-containing material.

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