RU2093944C1 - Electric energy production process - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering. SUBSTANCE: electric energy production process includes setting-up of RLC circuit incorporating relay; mathematical model of this circuit is equation

, where R, L, C are resistance, inductance, and capacitance of circuit, respectively; U_cl is external electric field voltage; h_fdbk is feedback modulation factor; ω is inherent frequency of RLC circuit and external field; q, t are electric charge and time, respectively. Electric circuit parameters are chosen so that they satisfied condition

, where E and f are external field intensity and frequency, respectively; K is Bolitzmann constant; T is ambient temperature; Δ(T_o) is maximum size of energy gap T=amb.; h_fdbk is chosen proceeding from minimization of expression

Description

 The invention relates to the field of energy and is intended for use in all areas of industry, science and technology, where energy consumption is required.

 To date, the main energy sources are thermal, hydro and nuclear plants. Contribution of other types of energy sources, for example, sources using wind energy, sea tides, solar rays, geothermal sources, etc. makes up units or fractions of a percent in comparison with the contribution of the first three.

 Despite the difference in all of these types by the method of energy production, they are united by one important feature (with the exception of sources using the energy of sunlight), which consists in the fact that the task of obtaining energy is necessarily associated with the task of transmitting it to consumers. This requires the creation of distribution and transmission devices and systems, control systems, which extremely complicates and increases its consumption. In addition, the process of generating energy by the first three types of plants involves either environmental pollution or violation of climatic conditions, and the operation of thermal plants (providing the largest contribution to energy production), moreover, requires the work of entire industries for the extraction of coal and oil and gas, as well as their processing. The need to transfer electric energy, in addition, makes it impossible to use it in some cases, for example, in hard-to-reach places, in air and water transport, etc. In these cases, internal combustion engines are used that directly use the energy from the combustion of oil and gas products, which also dictates the need for extractive industries.

 The aim of the present invention is the direct production of electric energy in an environmentally friendly way that does not require the consumption of fuel resources in any place, at any time and in the amount necessary for its consumption.

 To achieve this goal, it is proposed here to use a device whose operation is based on a combination of a parametric and self-oscillating method of generating electrical oscillations, and under additionally defined conditions, expanding their capabilities beyond the framework established to date from the known level of science and technology. This refers to the possibility of such efficient generation of electric energy, in which its efficiency coefficient of efficiency would exceed 1, i.e. the power allocated to the loss resistance would exceed the total power supply device, which would, in turn, give reason to talk about a new way of generating energy.

To date, a method of parametric generation is known, which consists in periodically changing the parameters of the oscillatory circuit: L or C (in this case, only C will be considered). This method is based on the theory of parametric generation developed by L.I. Mandelstam and N. D. Papaleksi [L.I. Mandelstam. To the theory of parametric generation. Collection of works L.I. Mandelstam, vol. 2, USSR Academy of Sciences, 47 p. 374] According to this method, if you select the frequency and magnitude of the change in capacitance so that the entire system is close to the boundary of parametric resonance, then weak external signals of a certain frequency will cause fluctuations of significant amplitude. Moreover, it is known that if the work performed against the capacitor field forces, the “pumping” work is greater than the energy dissipation on the loop loss resistance, then oscillations at its natural frequency and in the absence of an EMF signal will be excited in it. It is also known that the power allocated in this case to the loop loss resistance can be equal to the "pumping" power, and the efficiency, thus, can reach 1 [Microwave - Semiconductor devices and their application. ch. 8. Ed. G. Watson. Translation from English Ed. Dr. Ph.D. prof. V.S. Etkina. M. "World", 72 g, p. 228]
On this principle, L.I. Mandelstam and N.D. Papaleksi were built parametric generators [L.I. Mandelstam, N.D. Papaleksi. To the question of parametric regeneration. "Bulletin of the electrical industry, 1935 N 3, p. 1-7] In the following years, until the mid-70s, this direction was strongly developed, many applications were submitted [for example, G. I. Rukman. Parametric generator. A.S. N 111720. Declared July 19, 57, cl. H 03B 09/00] however, to the end, all the possibilities of this method, in my opinion, have not been investigated. To do this, it was necessary to go back and solve the classical Langevin problem for the Brownian parametric oscillator in its new formulation. But even if there was a desire, this could not be done, since the mathematical apparatus for its solution at that time (the 50s and 60s) was still being created (referring to the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov-FPK equations and methods for solving them).

It is known from the theory of parametric generation that the “pumping” work can be interpreted as introducing negative resistance R (-) into the circuit. The value of R (-) can be calculated if the energy received by the circuit at the frequency of the signal from the source of "pumping" for 1 s equate -U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{m}}$ / 2R (-) [K.V. Filatov. Introduction to the engineering theory of parametric amplification. "Soviet Radio", M. 71 p. 6, 7] ie

где U_m амплитудное значение возбуждаемого в контуре сигнала: U U_m•cos(Wt Φ);
DC 2C₁ полное изменение емкости C₀, изменяемой по закону C C₀ C₁•sin2Wt;
Φ сдвиг фаз между сигналом в контуре и сигналом "накачки",
откуда

.

where U _{m is the} amplitude value of the signal excited in the circuit: UU _m • cos (Wt Φ);
DC 2C ₁ complete change in capacitance C ₀ , variable according to the law CC ₀ C ₁ • sin2Wt;
Φ phase shift between the signal in the circuit and the pump signal,
where from

.

, что требуется для обеспечения равенства R(-) сопротивлению потерь контура R. На важность этого момента не было обращено достаточного внимания в теории параметрической генерации. Но именно благодаря ему, как показали исследования стохастической и динамической модели такого генератора [П.В. Харитонов. Об ограничении тепловыми шумами предельной чувствительности ротационного гравитационного градиентометра с параметрической модуляцией коэффициента обратной связи. Журнал "Гироскопия и навигация". N 2, 1993 г. ЦНИИ Электроприбор, г. Санкт-Петербург] можно обеспечить при определенных условиях возникновение эффекта, обозначенного как динамическая сверхпроводимость, на базе которого было бы возможно осуществление предлагаемого изобретения. Впрочем, из теории параметрической генерации известно, что вынужденные колебания теоретически должны бы нарастать до бесконечной амплитуды даже при наличии трения в системе. Однако фактически только при малых амплитудах, когда система линейна, происходит такое нарастание энергии. С увеличением аплитуды колебаний существенную роль начинают играть нелинейные члены уравнения, которые не содержались в исходной математической модели контура. Поэтому практически амплитуда колебаний должна быть ограниченной. Тем не менее особый интерес, как было уже сказано выше, имеет момент возникновения самовозбуждения, т.е. когда общее сопротивление контура _ΔR R + R(-) 0. В этом случае утверждается, что формально в такой системе могут существовать незатухающие колебания с любой амплитудой.This shows that the quantity R (-), and therefore the force, depends on the phase -Φ: at Φ = 0, the gain and 1 / R (-) are maximum, at Φ = π / 2 R (-)> 0 and the signal does not amplified, but absorbed. In a phase tending to π / 4, R (-) will tend to ∞ but not at such a phase R (-) can be less than

, which is required to ensure that R (-) is equal to the loss resistance of the circuit R. The importance of this point was not paid enough attention to in the theory of parametric generation. But precisely thanks to him, as shown by studies of the stochastic and dynamic models of such a generator [P.V. Kharitonov. On the limitation by thermal noise of the limiting sensitivity of a rotational gravitational gradiometer with parametric modulation of the feedback coefficient. The journal "Gyroscopy and navigation". N 2, 1993 Central Research Institute of Electrical Appliance, St. Petersburg] under certain conditions, the occurrence of an effect designated as dynamic superconductivity, on the basis of which it would be possible to implement the invention, can be provided. However, it is known from the theory of parametric generation that forced oscillations should theoretically increase to infinite amplitude even in the presence of friction in the system. However, in fact, only at small amplitudes, when the system is linear, such an increase in energy occurs. With an increase in the amplitude of oscillations, nonlinear terms of the equation that were not contained in the original mathematical model of the contour begin to play a significant role. Therefore, practically the amplitude of the oscillations should be limited. Nevertheless, of particular interest, as was said above, is the moment of self-excitation, i.e. when the total loop resistance _ΔR R + R (-) 0. In this case, it is argued that formally in such a system there can be undamped oscillations with any amplitude.

 However, in reality, in the real system it is impossible to realize the exact equality ΔR 0 due to the fact that the physical parameters will always change slightly over time and ΔR will be more or less than zero. For ΔR> 0, the oscillations will decay, and for ΔR <0, they will increase at first, but as they increase, the nonlinearity factor will play an increasingly important role and, therefore, will decay again. As a result, unstable oscillations will occur, either damping or increasing [S.P. Shooters. Introduction to the theory of oscillations. M. "Science" -64 p. 43, 177, 179] In addition, when ΔR 0 is possible, as stated in P. S. Landa. Self-oscillations in systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom. M. "Science" -80 p. 23, the implementation of phase transitions of the 1st and 2nd kind. Namely, a transition of the second kind is associated with the transition of some metals and compounds to the superconducting state.

,
определяемых, как будет сказано ниже, из условия минимизации дисперсии в решении задачи Ланжевена, легко преобразуется к виду

или с учетом того, что h₀ C₀/C₁ и DC 2C₁, к виду, аналогичному (2^*):

,
откуда видно, что вносимое в контур R(-) по абсолютной величине должно быть меньше R(-), определяемого по выражению (2^*) в 4 раза. При этом, подставляя соотношение

в известное выражение для собственной частоты контура

, получаем выражение, имеющее фрактальный характер для параметров контура, что имеет важное значение как условие, способствующее становлению самоорганизующихся процессов.The proposed method, in contrast to the known one, is precisely based on the assertion that ΔR 0 is possible in principle and, moreover, ΔR ≈ R (-), which also provides the appearance of dynamic superconductivity. Here R (-) is determined according to the results of studying the dynamic model as

that with the additionally introduced relations

,
defined, as will be said below, from the condition of minimizing the variance in the solution of the Langevin problem, can easily be converted to

or taking into account the fact that h ₀ C ₀ / C ₁ and DC 2C ₁ , to a form similar to (2 ^* ):

,
from which it can be seen that the absolute value introduced into the circuit R (-) should be less than R (-), determined by the expression (2 ^* ) 4 times. At the same time, substituting the ratio

into a known expression for the natural frequency of the circuit

, we obtain an expression that has a fractal character for the parameters of the contour, which is important as a condition conducive to the formation of self-organizing processes.

Another feature that characterizes the invention is a self-oscillating method of excitation of electrical oscillations in the circuit. That is, it is proposed here to carry out a parametric effect on the C ₀ circuit by modulating the positive feedback with a certain gain coefficient by using a device powered by a constant source and implementing two main functions: multiplying the input signal by frequency by 2 and amplifying it with a certain calculation gain factor. In the General case, the device should provide the maximum technical implementation of the specific and specified below in the description of the dynamic circuit of such a circuit (oscillator).

Thus, due to the fact that the proposed method involves the use of a device that has two main characteristics: 1) the presence of the main oscillatory system and 2) the presence of a feedback link controlling a constant energy source, it can also be attributed to a self-oscillating system. As its analogues can be, for example, devices
1) S. S. Sudakov. A device for generating complex periodic oscillations. H 03B 5/08, A.S. N 371851 dated 5.02.76.

2) Yu.I. Sudakov, D.Ya. Nagorny. Auto generator. H 03B 5/00, A.S. N 1401548 dated 06/06/88; Bull N 21;
3) E.E. Yudin, V.P. Yatsenko. Auto generator. H 03B 5/00, A.S. N 653724 from 03/28/79.

 4) E.F. Zimin, G.P. Gaev. RC-oscillator low frequency. H 03B 5/00, A.S. N 292207 dated 6.01.71 g.

 5) Yu.K. Rybin, M.S. Roitman, E.S. Litvak. Auto generator. H 03B 5/00, A.S. N 664273 from 05.25.79.

 However, all kinds of modifications of the self-oscillating method implemented by these devices are not able, for the above reasons, to ensure the efficiency of generating electric energy with an efficiency greater than 1, which would allow the devices to acquire a new quality as sources of electric energy.

где второе слагаемое в равной части представляет собой управляющее воздействие через обратную связь по q электрическому заряду:
(2′) U_упр = K_ос•cos2wt•q,
U_c сигнал внешнего поля,
R, L, C активное сопротивление, индуктивность и электрическая емкость колебательного контура соответственно.The method proposed here has this quality. A dynamic circuit or mathematical model of a self-oscillating system that implements the proposed method is a generalized Mathieu equation:

where the second term in equal parts represents the control action through feedback on q electric charge:
(2 ′) U _control = K _os • cos2wt • q,
U _{c is} the external field signal,
R, L, C active resistance, inductance and electric capacitance of the oscillatory circuit, respectively.

, то получим необходимое для реализации заявляемого способа соотношение между всеми параметрами контура:

f резонансная частота контура (Гц),
h₀ коэффициент модуляции обратной связи.If we take into account the relation f = R / (2L), which is necessary from the condition for minimizing the variance, and substitute it in the well-known expression for determining the natural frequency of the circuit:

, then we obtain the necessary ratio for the implementation of the proposed method between all parameters of the circuit:

f resonant frequency of the circuit (Hz),
h ₀ feedback modulation factor.

Note: The achievable number of decimal places in the coefficient - h ₀ depends on the stability of these parameters.

, как показано в работе "Об ограничении тепловыми. " (первое в ней записано как W = 2πλ_o) обеспечивают минимизацию дисперсии взаимного отклонения гантелеобразных масс градиентометра, за счет чего повышается его чувствительность и обеспечивается возможность накопления им гравитационной энергии, причем при значении h₀ ≈ 0,553 процесс накопления имеет линейный характер, а при значении h₀ ≈ 1,0365 экспоненциальный. Выражение для дисперсии взаимного отклонения здесь определено как

т.е. известная формула Эйнштейна-Смолуховского в этом случае дополняется множителем H(h₀)/2, зависящим от коэффициента модуляции обратной связи, фиг. 1.Ratios f R / 2L and

, as shown in the work “On the limitation of heat.” (the first is written as W = 2πλ _o ) to minimize the variance of the mutual deviation of the dumbbell-shaped masses of the gradiometer, thereby increasing its sensitivity and providing the possibility of accumulation of gravitational energy by it, and with the value h ₀ ≈ 0.553, the accumulation process is linear, and with a value of h ₀ ≈ 1.0365 it is exponential. The expression for the variance of the mutual deviation is defined here as

those. the well-known Einstein-Smoluchowski formula in this case is supplemented by a factor H (h ₀ ) / 2, which depends on the feedback modulation coefficient, FIG. one.

а в применении к электрическому колебательному контуру, описываемому уравнением (2), эта же формула для дисперсии заряда будет такой:

.When solving a problem similar to this classical Langevin problem for a Brownian harmonic oscillator with modulation of the quasi-elastic coupling coefficient -α _c, this formula takes the general form

and as applied to the electric oscillatory circuit described by equation (2), the same formula for charge dispersion will be as follows:

.

Taking into account the regular component U _c • cosωt when studying stochastic equations according to equation (2) and when relation (3) is fulfilled, it did not reveal its effect on the resulting dispersion, i.e. formula (6) remains valid in this case as well.

.The dispersion of charge, determined by this formula, corresponds to the energy spread:

.

 It should be noted here that the concept of energy dispersion, as well as the concept of dispersion play a key role in the formation of the concepts of static physics.

 However, according to historical tradition, the product k • T is considered to be such a key concept, i.e. temperature, as this is the only essential parameter on which the variance depends.

Therefore, without violating both the accepted tradition and the accepted approach to the formation of definitions of static physics, we can introduce the concept of effective temperature T _eff T • H (h ₀ ) / 2.

,
или для эффективной ширины энергетического максимума

.Thus, this formula will retain its previous form, i.e. in relation to an electric oscillatory circuit

,
or for the effective width of the energy maximum

.

In other words, maintaining a certain value of h ₀ , you can determine the equivalent or effective temperature of the circuit. So, for example, with a value of H (h ₀ 1.0365) 1.7 • 10 ^-5 , which is possible if the parameters of the circuit are stable with an accuracy of C not more than 0.2% R not more than 0.5% L not more than 2% the effective temperature at 300 K will have a value of T _eff 2.55 • 10 ^-3 K.

Однако из квантовой статистики известно, что сверхпроводящее состояние проводника, находящегося в электромагнитном поле, может быть разрушено при определенной величине его параметров.But at this temperature, the circuit must be in a superconducting state, which is characterized by the formation of an energy gap Δ, the size of which (at T _eff ≅T _c ) can be determined by the formula [E.M. Lifshits, L.P. Pitaevsky "Statistical Physics, p. 2. Condensed matter theory, p. 193]

However, it is known from quantum statistics that the superconducting state of a conductor located in an electromagnetic field can be destroyed at a certain value of its parameters.

 To determine the critical parameters of this field, one can use the method adopted in quantum statistics, but this can also be done using relation (3) (at the same time showing how superconductivity follows from it), as well as the equality between the energy stored by the inductance when a superconducting current flows through it , and the kinetic energy of the electrons forming this current. We show that the results obtained in this way completely coincide with the results obtained by the method adopted in quantum statistics.

 First, we write the equality between the energy stored by the inductance and the kinetic energy of superconducting electrons [O. G. Vendik, Yu. N. Gorin. Cryogenic electronics. M. 77

.

.

From this it can be determined that the kinetic inductance characterizing the superconducting state of the circuit will be equal to
(10) L _k = m _e • l / (n $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{e}}$ • S).

On the other hand, using the expression for L from relation (3), we obtain
(10 ′) L = ρ • l / (2S • f) = m _e • l / (n _e • e ² • S • τ • f),
where ρ = 2m _e / (e ² • n _e • τ) is the specific resistance of the circuit conductors;
τ is the mean free path of electrons.

 This shows that in order to achieve the superconducting state of the circuit, it is necessary to require, in addition, that t be equal to the period of oscillations of the external field, i.e. the equality t • f = 1 must hold.

From this we can conclude that, in the superconducting state, electrons moving uniformly accelerated under the action of a field must, from the condition of non-destruction of superconductivity (or conservation of correlated motion), acquire a velocity no greater than critical v _cr in time τ, and they must be accelerated by half the mean free path, and the next half to slow down, as shown in FIG. 2. With this representation, a constant electric current should arise in the circuit, the value of which can be determined from the expression
(11) I _max e • n ₀ • S • v _cr ,
where for v _cr we can write a • tv _cr (a is the acceleration of electrons by the field) or
(12) E _max • e • τ / m _e = v _cr .

Hence for E _max we obtain
(13) E _max = m _e • v _cr • f / e,
that is, the magnitude of the electric field strength should be no more than what f and v _cr allow.

The maximum allowable speed v _cr must be determined, obviously, by the size of the energy gap, and here it is impossible to do without the concepts of quantum statistics. We show that using these concepts to determine E _max we also arrive at expression (13). According to these concepts, the maximum value of the amplitude E _max at which superconductivity is destroyed is determined by the equality [O. G. Vendik, Yu. N. Gorin. "Cryogenic Electronics", M. 77

скорость хаотического движения электронов (скорость Ферми);
E_F(O) = h²/(2m_e)•(3n_e/8π)²¹³≈ 8,847•10^-19 Дж. - энергия Ферми при Т 0 [А. И.Ансельм. Основы статистической физики и термодинамики. М. Наука, 73 г. стр. 291]
Критическая же скорость определяется из условия не превышения кинетической энергии электронов при их участии в дрейфе пары как целого, т.е. бозона. Исходя из этого, критическая скорость куперовской пары (бозона) определяется как
(15) v_кр = Δ(T)(m_e•v_F).(14) E _max = h • f / (e • ξ _o ) where:
ξ _o = h • v _F / (2Δ (T)) the size of the region of correlated electron motion in the Cooper pair (coherence length);

speed of chaotic motion of electrons (Fermi speed);
E _F (O) = h ² / (2m _e ) • (3n _e / 8π) ²¹³ ≈ 8.847 • 10 ^-19 J. is the Fermi energy at T 0 [A. I. Anselm. Fundamentals of statistical physics and thermodynamics. M. Science, 73 p. 291]
The critical velocity is determined from the condition that the kinetic energy of the electrons does not exceed when they participate in the drift of the pair as a whole, i.e. boson. Based on this, the critical velocity of the Cooper pair (boson) is defined as
(15) v _cr = Δ (T) (m _e • v _F ).

Substituting from here v _F into the expression for ξ _o and ξ _o into the expression (14) for E _max , we obtain
(16) E _max = f • Δ (t) / (e • v _F ) = m _e • v _cr • f / e,
which completely coincides with (13).

 From this we can conclude that relation (3) completely satisfies the conditions of superconductivity defined in quantum statistics, i.e. the organization of feedback in the oscillatory circuit, provided that its parameters and modulation coefficient are maintained in accordance with relation (3), brings this circuit into a state equivalent at low temperatures, i.e. to the superconducting state. Due to the fact that this phenomenon occurs at normal temperature, but with a certain control method, it was designated as dynamic superconductivity.

 In this case, such a control is taken as the control method in which the behavior of the system is described by the generalized Mathieu equation. However, it is entirely possible that this method is not the only one [see for example, Yu. L. Klimontovich. Nonlinear Brownian motion. The journal "Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk". N 8, 94, T. 164] Here we give a review of the theory of Brownian motion, which is described by nonlinear Langevin equations and the corresponding FKP equations, in particular, the dependence of the structure of the Einstein-Smoluchowski equation on the value of the feedback coefficient in the interaction of a Brownian particle with the medium is established.

Для колебательного контура, параметры которого имеют указанную выше стабильность, удовлетворяют этим соотношениям и где в качестве проводников используется медный провод сечением 1 мм², величина v_кр, определяемая из (15) при Т T_эф, будет иметь значение v_кр ≈ 168,4 м/с, а максимальный ток соответственно (17) I_max e•n_e•S•v_кр ≈ 1589976 А/мм².Nevertheless, for this particular case, we can conclude that an electric oscillatory circuit located in an alternating electric field can be brought into a state of dynamic superconductivity, organizing the control for this according to (2 ') and setting the relation between its parameters, control parameters, and parameters electric field in the form

For the oscillatory circuit, the parameters of which have the stability indicated above, satisfy these relations and where copper wire with a cross section of 1 mm ^{2 is} used as conductors, the value of v _cr determined from (15) at T T _eff will have the value of v _cr ≈ 168.4 m / s, and the maximum current, respectively (17) I _max e • n _e • S • v _cr ≈ 1589976 A / mm ² .

In this case, when the electric field strength, for example, is not more than 1 V / m, the resonant frequency of the circuit must be at least 162800 Hz, and for a frequency of at least 50 Hz the electric field strength must be no more than 4.78 • 10 ^-8 V / m , i.e. in this case, screening of the entire circuit is necessary (since the interference electric field strength in this range reaches several V / m units).

However, it is important to note here that this current (just like in the well-known case with superconductivity) should not be accompanied by energy dissipation, i.e. isolating it according to the Joule Lenz law on the R circuit due to the fact that, simultaneously with an increase in current, a decrease in the resistivity of the circuit corresponding to an increase in τ occurs according to the dependence
(18) ρ = 2m _e / (e ² n _e • τ).

 In this case, there will be no violation of the parametric relation (3 '), since the parameters C and L will also change respectively R. These new values of R, C and L can also be designated as dynamic.

.To allocate energy to the R circuit, it is necessary to violate the conditions of its superconductivity, for which you can turn off modulation or just feedback. In this case, the loop resistance will take its initial value and the power allocated to it can be determined by the formula

.

 Based on this, the control algorithm of the device for generating electrical energy can be as follows.

An RT current relay with a response threshold determined from the level of energy demand is included in the circuit of the oscillating circuit (in this case, the resistance introduced into the relay circuit must also be taken into account by relation (3 ')). When the current reaches the threshold value, the relay activates and disconnects the feedback, thereby providing energy, and when it decreases to the value of I _min , it again turns on the feedback, providing a new cycle of increasing I to the next I _pore , etc. Instead of R, this current can be directly supplied to the actuator (electric motor, etc.). In this case, the control algorithm will be the same. An example of a device implementing this method may be the device shown in FIG. 3.

 To confirm the reality of the proposed method for producing electrical energy, a physical experiment was conducted.

As the signal of the external field, the electric tension created by the Earth's natural gravitational field was used. The magnitude of this tension can be determined from the equivalence of the action of the gravitational gradient to the action of electric tension by the displacement of free electric charges relative to their equilibrium position in a conductor of length l:
(20) E Г • m _е • l / е ≈ 1.7 • 10 ^-17 V / m,
where G 3 • 10 ^-6 s ^-2 gravitational gradient on the surface of the Earth. A signal of such smallness made it possible to eliminate the need for screening the circuit and, at the same time, made it possible at low frequencies (50-400 Hz) to stretch the process of increasing current in time. However, due to the non-synchronization of the generator of the modulation signal source with the input circuit signal (mutual adjustment of these frequencies was carried out manually), a phase incursion occurred. For this reason, the current rise over a time of the order of 1-5 s was limited to 0.1-12 mA, and the amplitude and rise rate depended on the frequency of the input signal and the phase incursion rate. At a lower frequency of the input signal, the amplitude and slew rate of the current were greater than at a higher one, and with a decrease in the phase incidence rate, the slew rate decreased, but to higher amplitudes than when it increased. That is, due to the formation of phase incursion, the direct current arising in the circuit began to oscillate relative to any average value within 0.1-12 mA. Visually, the oscillation frequency, depending on the phase incursion rate, was 0.2–2 Hz.

 A similar current behavior at constant parameters took place during the entire observation time of up to 2 hours.

The degree of compliance of the measured current values in the experiment and calculated by calculation was 10-20%
The observed pattern of current behavior is fully explained in the framework of the method described above.

 At present, work is underway to improve the experiment.

Claims (1)

A method of generating electrical energy, including connecting to an RLC circuit in which the electric current is self-oscillating, loads the consumer, characterized in that the RLC circuit, which further includes a relay and whose mathematical model is the equation

where R, L, C are the resistance, inductance and electric capacitance of the circuit, respectively;
U _{with the} voltage of the external electric field;
h _{about the} coefficient of the feedback module;
ω is the natural frequency of the RLC circuit and the external field, rad / s;
q, t, the electric charge and time, respectively, are created by selecting its parameters depending on the parameters of the external field as follows

R 2f • L,

where E, f is the magnitude of the external field strength and its frequency, respectively, Hz;
k Boltzmann constant;
T ambient temperature, K;
Δ (T _o ) - the maximum size of the energy gap at T OK,
moreover, h _about establish from the condition of minimizing the expression

and the consumer load is connected to the electric circuit instead of its active resistance by the operation of the relay configured for a given current.

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