RU2093897C1 - Duplex system for control of down-hole operations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring instruments, information transmission of parameters which describe operations of complex equipment. SUBSTANCE: device has transmitter which has yield meter, unit for generation of down-hole number, transmitter, antenna of transmitter, antenna of receiver, transceiver, which has receiver, modulator, line adapter, power supply of transceiver, communication line, receiver, which has unit for detection of information pulses, microprocessor, indicator, memory unit, power supply of receiver. Remote information supply has signal switching unit, receiver and unit for recognition of down-hole number. Group information unit has signal switching unit, transmitter, demodulator, line adapter on transmission side. Control unit has compression unit, unit which generates down-hole number and number of group information unit, and control board. EFFECT: simplex and duplex communication modes, simplified design. 7 dwg

Description

 The alleged invention relates to techniques for measuring and transmitting information about the results of monitoring parameters characterizing the operation of complex technical equipment and can be used to transmit alarms, to monitor the operation of wells from a control room.

 The well-known alarm system from wells using power distribution systems as communication lines (Article by V. Krichke. Warning and alarm system from SPAS-1 wells. Oil and Gas Journal, 12, 1986, pp. 34-39 ) This system uses combined communication lines consisting of power distribution networks from the well to the information point and further to the control center, existing communication lines of telemechanics systems.

 The disadvantage of this system is that it is necessary to install a communication capacitor and a communication device with the power network, so this system is cumbersome.

 The closest solution to the proposed is the alarm system from the wells, according to the application 4896960/24 (123560) from 12/26/90 (positive decision from 9/06/93), (prototype). The system is equipped with a short-range radio transmitter with a power supply, a flowmeter sensor, a well number generation unit and an antenna at the well, a transceiver device consisting of a receiver, a modulator, a power supply is installed at the group information point, a demodulator and an alarm number identification unit are installed in the control room well and the value of the flow rate on it, a recording device, a microprocessor and a power supply, and the output of the contact of the flow meter is connected through the unit number formation SLE azhina with a transmitter, the output of which is connected through the antenna of an individual information point (well) and the antenna of a group information point with a receiver of this point, the output of which is connected through a modulator and a pairing unit with a line from the side of the receiver, the output of which is connected via a communication line to the receiver of the control center consisting of a series-connected demodulator, an information signal extraction unit, a recording device and an alarm unit, with a microprocessor.

 But this technical solution is intended for the organization of communication in one direction from the well to the control room and cannot be used for the organization of communication in two directions, in addition to the specified communication from the control room to the well.

 The purpose of the proposed invention is to provide the possibility of conducting a control process with both one-way communication and two-way communication using a block design.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the known system comprising a contact point of a flow meter, a well number generation unit, a power supply, a transmitter, an antenna, an antenna, a receiver, a modulator, a line interface unit from the receiver side, a power supply, a line at a group information point communications, at the control room information signal extraction unit, microprocessor, display unit, storage device and power supply unit, is equipped with a receiver at the individual information point, a signal switching unit cores, by a well number recognition unit, at a group information point, a signal switching unit, a transmitter, a demodulator, a pairing unit with a communication line from the transmission side, a control unit by a seal unit, a group point and well number number generating unit and a dispatcher console, the sensor output being connected with the input of the well number formation unit of the individual information point, the output of which is connected to the input of the transmitter, the output of which is connected to the first input of the switching unit signal, the second input of which is connected to the output of the well number recognition unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the receiver, the input of which is connected to the first output of the signal switching unit, the second input of which is connected to the second input of the transmitter, and the third input of the signal switching unit is connected to the power supply , the high-frequency output of the signal switching unit is connected through the antenna of the individual information point to the antenna of the group information point, the output of which is connected to the first input of the block switching signals of the group information point, the output of which is connected through the receiver, the modulator and the interface block with the line from the receiving side to the input of the communication line, the output of which is connected through the demodulator, the transmitter to the input of the signal switching unit, the output of the communication line is connected to the seal unit, the output of which is connected through the block for extracting information signals with the first input of the microprocessor, the first output of which is connected through the block for generating the well number and the number of the information point with the input of the block tneniya, data output of the microprocessor is connected to a memory unit, whose output is the first output of the system, and the second data output of the microprocessor is connected to the display unit, the remote controller output is connected to the second input of the microprocessor, the third information output of which is the second output of the system.

 From the reviewed technical and patent literature, no similar systems for monitoring the operation of wells with two-way communication have been identified.

 A comparable analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed device is distinguished by the presence of new blocks at the individual information point, a signal switching unit, a receiver, a well number recognition unit, at a group information point a signal switching unit, a transmitter, a demodulator, a line interface unit on the transmission side, at the control room the unit is a compaction unit, a unit for generating a group unit number and a well number, a dispatcher console and their connection with the remaining units. Thus, the claimed device meets the criterion of "novelty."

 In the study of other well-known technical solutions in this technical field, the features that distinguish the claimed invention from the prototype, provide the claimed technical solution according to the criterion of "significant differences".

 In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a system.

 In FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a well number formation unit.

 In FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a well number recognition unit.

 In FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a controller board with a K18116BE51 type microcomputer.

 In FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a unit for forming a group point number and a well number.

 In FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an information signal extraction unit and an alarm unit.

 In FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmission interface unit with a line and a signal switching unit of a group information point.

 The system for monitoring the operation of wells with two-way communication includes, at an individual information point, a transmitting device 1 containing a sensor 2, a unit for generating the number of the well 3, a transmitter 4, a power supply 5, an antenna 6, a receiving device 7, containing a signal switching unit 8, well number recognition unit 9, receiver 10, at the group information point 11 antenna 12, receiver 13, modulator 14, interface unit with the line on the receiving side 15, power supply 16, signal switching unit 17, transmitter 18, demodulator 19, an interface unit with a line on the transmission side 20, line 21, at the control room 22, an information signal extraction unit 23, a microprocessor 24, an indication unit 25, a storage device 26, a power supply 27, a sealing unit 28, a dispatcher console 30, and the output of the sensor 2 is connected with the input of the unit for generating the number of the well 3, the output of which is connected to the input of the transmitter 4, the output of which is connected to the first input of the signal switching unit 8, the second input of which is connected to the output of the unit for recognizing the number of the well 9, the input of which is connected to the output the receiver house 10, the input of which is connected to the output of the signal switching unit 8, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the transmitter 4, and the third input of the signal switching unit 8 is connected to the power supply 5, the high-frequency input-output of the signal switching unit 8 is connected via antennas 6 and 12 with the signal switching unit 17 of the group information point 11, the output of which is connected to the first input of the signal switching unit 17 and simultaneously connected through a series-connected receiver 13, modulator 14, from the receiving side 15, with a high-frequency input of the communication line 21, the high-frequency output of which is connected through a series-connected interface unit to the line on the transmission side 20, a demodulator 19, a transmitter 18 with a high-frequency input of the signal switching unit 17, and its second input is connected to the output of the demodulator , the high-frequency input-output of the communication line 21 is connected to the sealing unit 27 of the control room 22, the output of which is connected through the information signal extraction unit 23 to the first input of the microprocessor 24, the first output of which it is connected through the unit for generating the group information point number and well number 29 to the input of the seal unit 28, the data bus of the microprocessor 24 is connected to a storage device 26, the output of which is the first output of the system, and the second output of the microprocessor 24 is connected to the display unit 25, the microprocessor control bus 24 is the second output of the system.

 The structure of the system is the same as in the prototype. It consists of several group information points. Each group point combines several individual information points. All information flows to the control room.

 The system operates as follows.

 The dispatcher from the console of the dispatcher 30 dials the group information point number and the well number in it. The signal enters the microprocessor 24, where a code is generated, according to which the unit for generating the group point number and well number 29 generates a signal consisting of a sequence of two bursts of pulses with different pulse rates characterizing the well number, and they enter the seal unit 28 at the output of which manipulated signals are generated with a filling frequency characterizing the group information point number, the manipulation frequency is equal to the pulse repetition rate from block 29. The generated signals are step through the communication line 21 to the group information point 11, where after passing the interface block with the line from the transmission side 20 and demodulation in block 19, they enter the transmitter 18 and the signal switching unit, which connects the output of the transmitter 18 to the antenna 12. The demodulator 19 is tuned to a specific signal frequency, characterizing a specific group information point. Next, at the output of the transmitter 18, a manipulated signal is generated with a frequency of 27 MHz and manipulation frequencies equal to the combination of frequencies of this particular well. This signal enters through the signal switching unit 17 to the antenna 12 and then to the antenna 6 of the individual information point 1. It should be noted that the receivers of the individual information point of the system operate at the same frequencies. Therefore, the signal is received by all receivers and enters through the signal switching unit 8 to the well number recognition unit 9. This block determines this combination of frequencies of two signal packets. After the frequencies of these signals coincide with the reference ones characterizing the given well, block 9 gives a signal by which the signal switching block 8 connects the output of the power supply 5 to the transmitter 4. At the same time, block 8 connects the output of the transmitter 4 to the antenna 6, and the input of the receiver 10 is disconnected from the antenna . If the sensor 2 is closed, then through it the unit for generating the number of the well 3 is switched on. Here two packets of pulses of the following with frequencies are formed, the combination of which determines the number of the well. They go further to the transmitter 4, at the output of which manipulated pulses are generated with a frequency of 27 MHz and manipulation frequencies equal to the signal frequencies at the output of block 3. From the output of the transmitter, the obtained manipulated pulses are transmitted through the signal switching unit 8 to antenna 6 and then to group 12 information antenna item 11. Signals with a frequency of 27 MHz are fed to the input of the receiver 13, where two packets of pulses following the frequencies indicated above are allocated. Then they are modulated by a signal with a certain frequency inherent in a given group information point, and they go through the interface unit to line 15 and line 21 to the control room 22, where in block 28 they are demodulated and fed to block 23, in which information signals are extracted, and then they are processed microprocessor 24 and on the display unit 25 displays information about the number of the well, about the number of the information point and the value of the flow rate for this well. Then this information is recorded in the storage device 26 for further transmission to higher authorities.

 Along with this system, alarms from wells can also be transmitted. In this case, the transmission process is organized in the same way as in the case of two-way communication, but only from the side of the well. At the same time, a dry contact is established at the well, at the closure of which power is supplied to the transmitter 4 and to the well number generation unit 3, at the output of which these bursts of pulses are generated and then manipulated signals with a frequency of 27 MHz are formed at the output of the transmitter 4. Further signal propagation is the same as in the case of two-way communication.

 The use of this system for monitoring the operation of wells allows monitoring the operation of wells at the request of the dispatcher at any time, which increases the efficiency of control and reduces the time to determine the schedule for preventive work at the well.

 The following are examples of the implementation of individual blocks. The well number generating unit shown in FIG. 2, is made similar to this block in the prototype. When the contact of the sensor 2 is closed, pulses with a certain duty cycle, which alternately turn on the relay K1, K2, K3, come through it. Relay K1 connects power to the transmitter. Relay K2 switches the frequency of manipulation. Relay K3 connects a time relay made on transistor VT2, VT3, which after a certain time turns on relay K4 and K5. Through the contacts of relays K5 and K3, relay K6 is turned on, through which the time relay is turned off and the signal transmission process ends. Thus, at the output of the transmitter 4 two bursts of pulses with different manipulation frequencies are formed. Simultaneously with the operation of the relay K6, the relay K7 is activated, the contacts of which connect the output of the transmitter to the antenna, the input of the receiver is disconnected from it.

 In FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a well number recognition unit, which is made using transformer TP1, TP2 and DC amplifiers with detectors made on transistors VT4, VT5, VT6, VT7 and relays K8, K9. Transformer Tr1 is configured to transmit signals of one frequency, and Tr.2 is tuned to a different frequency, and their additional windings are connected so that a signal, for example with frequency F1 is connected to transistor VT4, and a signal with a different frequency is connected to VT5. Similarly, signals are connected in another link. A signal, for example with a frequency of F2, is connected to transistor VT6, and a signal with a frequency of F1 is connected to transistor VT7. This circuit provides reception of signals with frequencies F1, F2, as well as with frequencies F2, F1. It also shows a circuit for switching power to the receiver and transmitter and a frequency switching circuit for the transmitter modulator.

 The dispatcher console can be configured as shown in FIG. 4. It is made on a DD1 chip of type K550IV3, a matching circuit DD2 of type K155LA2, an inverter DD3 of type K155LA3, a microelectric type of K1816BE51 (DD4) and a trigger DD5 of type K155IR19. At the output of the encoder DD1, when one of the buttons S5-S14 is pressed, a code is generated corresponding to the number of the pressed button, which is registered by the DD5 register and fed to the microcomputer, where it is stored to generate this well number 29.

 Block 29 contains a group point number decoder made on a K155ID1 type DD6 chip, a well number decoder made on a K155ID1 type DD7 chip, a variable frequency signal generator made on transistors VT8, VT9 type KT315B, and a set of resistors R29-R46, stabilization circuit power supply voltage, made on a VT10 transistor of type KT815B, and a channel selector made on a chip DA1, DA2 of type K176KT1. The code generated at the output of the DD4 microcomputer is fed to the decoder DD6, which determines the group point number determined by the channel number of the switch DA1, DA2. Another group of code goes to the decoder DD7, which includes a specific resistor that determines the frequency of the signal generator. The frequency is changed by the contact of relay K2 installed in the time relay unit, which is made in the same way as shown in FIG. 2 (transistors VT2, VT3). The signal thus formed passes through a certain channel of the switch to a sealing unit, for example, K30 equipment.

 At the same time, a signal in the form of a code from a microcomputer enters the alarm unit. It is made on decoders DD10, DD11 with its own LED matrix type ALS324. Together with the signaling unit of FIG. 6, an example implementation of an information signal extraction unit is shown. This block is made on a DD9 chip type K155LA3 with differentiating circuits R50, C9, R51, C10.

 In FIG. 7 is a diagram of a signal switching unit of a group information point. It is made on a DD12 chip, and transistors VT13, VT14 and relays K10, K11. The signals are switched according to the level of signals received from the receiver or transmitter due to the peak detectors VD4, VD5. Here is a diagram of the block pairing with the line from the transmission side. Transformer TP4 is used to connect the interface unit with the line. The power amplifier is made on transistors VT11, VT12. The demodulator is made on a VD6 diode. From the input of the demodulator, the signal is fed to the input of the transmitter and to the input of the signal switch.

 The presented schemes were developed and tested in laboratory conditions and showed satisfactory results.

 Thus, the use of this monitoring system allows for bilateral monitoring of the operation of a large number of wells, which significantly reduces the time to determine the operability of well equipment.

 Based on the above, the proposed control system has practical value and is socially useful.

Claims (1)

 A system for monitoring the operation of wells, containing at each individual information point a transmitting device consisting of a sensor, a unit for generating a well number and a transmitter, an antenna, a receiver and a unit for recognizing well numbers, at a group information point, a transceiving device containing a receiver, a modulator, and an interface unit with a line on the transmission side, characterized in that a signal switching unit is introduced at each individual point into it, at a group information point, a switching unit with ignals and a control room containing a receiving device, consisting of a block for extracting information signals, a microprocessor, an indication unit, a storage unit and a power supply unit, a dispatcher console, a unit for generating a well number and a group information unit number and a seal unit, at each individual information point in the transmitter the device, the sensor is connected to the input of the well number formation unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the transmitter of the transmitting device, the output of which is connected to the first input of the signal switching unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the well number recognition unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the receiver, the first input of which is connected to the first output of the signal switching unit, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the transmitter, the third input of the signal switching unit and the second input of the receiver is connected to the power supply, the high-frequency output of the signal switching unit is connected to the antenna of the individual information point, the output of which is connected to the antenna g UPP information point, in which the antenna output is connected to the first input of the signal switching unit, the output of which is connected through a series-connected receiver, modulator and interface block to the line on the receiving side and the input of the communication line, the output of which is connected to the interface block on the transmission side, the output of which is connected through a series-connected demodulator and transmitter with the first input of the signal switching unit, the second, third and fourth inputs of which are respectively connected to the outputs when receiver, demodulator and power supply, the high-frequency output of the communication line is connected at the control room to the input-output of the compaction unit, the output of which is connected in the receiver through the information signal extraction unit to the first microprocessor input, the first output of which is connected through the well number and group number generation unit information point with the output of the sealing unit, the first information output of the microprocessor is connected to the storage unit, the output of which is the output of the system, and the second info mation output microprocessor connected to a display unit, the remote controller output is connected to the second input of the microprocessor, the third information output of which is the second output of the system.

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