RU2093880C1 - Universal detector of pulse position - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automation and computer engineering, in particular, detection of leading edges, centers and duration of pulses in pulse sequences for TV, radar, medical devices and input of information into computer. SUBSTANCE: device has AND gate, three counters 3, 5, 6, oscillator 1, memory unit 7, which output serves as device output. EFFECT: increased functional capabilities. dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to pulse technology, automation, measuring technology and can be used to determine the position and characteristics of pulses in a series of pulses with increased accuracy in radar, television and measuring technology, biomedical research, when entering information into a computer, when processing highly informative signals in real time scale.

 The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the meter by identifying and storing information about the durations and positions of the edges and midpoints of each of the outgoing pulses relative to one reference pulse.

 The goal is achieved in that a universal pulse position meter containing a first input bus 9 and a third counter 6, the outputs of which are connected to the address inputs of the random access memory 7, the outputs of which are the outputs of the meter 11, the second input bus 10 of which is connected to the installation input R of the first counter 10, the counting input C of which is connected to the output of the generator 1 and the clock input C of random access memory, the first group of n + 1 information inputs of which is connected to the outputs of the second counter and 5, the counting input C of which is connected to the output of the element And 4, the first input of which is connected to the recording input L of the second counter, characterized in that a code bus 8 and a control unit 2 are introduced, the information inputs of which are connected to the meter code bus 8, the first input the bus of which 9 is connected to the signal input of the control unit 2, the code output bus of which is connected to the second group m of information inputs of random access memory 7, the first output of the control unit is connected to the counting descent of the third counter 6, the second the first output with the first input of AND element 4, the second input of which is connected to the output of the generator 1, the third output of the control unit is connected to the installation input R of the second counter, the highest information bits 2 n + 1 of which are connected to the output of the first counter 3, and to the lowest information bit 1, a constant logic level signal is applied.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings.

 In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of a universal pulse position meter, where 1 generator; 2 control node; 3 first counter; 4 - element And; 5 second counter; 6 third counter; 7 - random access memory; 8 code bus meter; 9 first input bus meter; 10 second input bus meter; 11 meter output.

передний фронт измеряемого импульса;

задний фронт измеряемого импульса.In FIG. 2 shows the table of operation of the control node, where A is the active logical level; H passive logic level; And a short impulse; no measurable impulse;

leading edge of the measured pulse;

trailing edge of the measured pulse.

In FIG. 3, 4 shows the timing diagram of the meter in four modes, where V _{10 is the} reference pulse; O1. Oi - input measured pulses supplied to the first input bus of the meter; t _iп - time interval from the reference to the leading edge of the i-th input pulse; t _i3 time interval from the reference to the trailing edge of the i-th input pulse; t _{ic the} time interval from the reference to the middle of the i-th input pulse; Δt _{i the} duration of the i-th input pulse; t current time; Δt current duration; t _С current position of the middle of the pulse; ft current contents of the second counter in the mode of determining the position of the edges of the pulses; fΔt current contents of the second counter in the mode of determining the duration of the pulses; ft _С current contents of the second counter in the mode of determining the position of the midpoints of pulses; ft _{ip the} found position of the leading edge of the i-th pulse; ft _{3 the} found position of the trailing edge of the i-th pulse; fΔt _{i the} found value of the duration of the i-th pulse; ft _{iC the} found position of the middle of the i-th pulse; P - code of the leading edge of the pulse; З code of the trailing edge of the pulse; D code pulse duration; C code of the middle of the pulse; V8 signal on the meter bus; V9 signal on the first meter bus; V10 signal on the second meter bus; V11 contents of random access memory; SCh2 - contents of the second counter; УУ1 - signals at the first output of the control unit; УУ2 signal on the code output bus of the control unit; УУ3, УУ4 signals at the second and third outputs of the control unit, respectively.

 In FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a control node, where 8 is an information input; 9 signal input; 12 read-only memory ROM; 13 first output of the control unit; 14 code output bus; 15, 16 second and third outputs of the control unit.

 In FIG. Figure 6 shows the ROM firmware table using positive logic (1 active level, 0 passive level), where two binary digits are used for the information input and code output bus of the control unit.

 The device operates as follows.

 The code bus 8 of the meter (Fig. 1) is supplied with the code of the required operating mode. Next, the reference pulse V1O is supplied to the second meter bus 10 and sets the first counter 3 to its initial state. After the end of the reference pulse, the quantity X ft proportional to the current time t is accumulated in the counter with a resolution of l / f, where f is the frequency of the generator.

 In the absence of a signal on the first bus of the meter 9, the contents of the first counter 3 are shifted by one binary digit toward the higher digits, through the second counter 5, the first group of n + 1 information inputs to the random access memory (RAM) 7 is recorded by a signal from the generator 1 arriving at the clock input of RAM. At the same time, the contents of the output code bus of the control unit 2 are recorded on the second group m of information inputs in RAM. The value of this code depends on the selected mode of operation of the meter and the internal state of the control unit. Recording is done in the same multi-bit RAM cell, because the third counter 6 does not switch, its contents do not change, and therefore, the address of the RAM cell does not change. Thus, the meter will work until a signal appears on the first input bus 9. Further, the sequence of the meter depends on the code applied to the code bus 8. In the first mode of operation, the position of the leading and trailing edges of each pulse arriving at the first input bus is measured and stored; in the second mode of operation, the position of the leading edges and pulse durations; in the third mode, the position of the leading edges and midpoints of the pulses; in the fourth mode, the position of the midpoints of the pulses. Between two successive pulses arriving on the second bus 9 of the meter, the mode of operation of the meter can be changed without losing information about previous measurements.

где обозначение

означает ближайшее к N меньшее целое число по основанию k.First mode of operation
When choosing this mode of operation of the meter, the position of the leading and trailing edges of the pulses is measured. In this mode, the control unit 2 sets the leading edge code P of the pulse on the output code bus m. With the arrival of the leading edge of the pulse to the first input bus 9 of the meter (Fig. 3), the control unit 2 generates a short pulse at its first output (Fig. 2, signal УУ1), according to which the contents of the third counter 6 changes, and the cell address also changes RAM In the old RAM cell, the code corresponding to the position of the leading edge of the pulse relative to the reference pulse and equal to

where is the designation

means the base number k closest to N.

 After the formation of a short pulse at the first output of the control unit 2, it puts the meter into standby mode of the trailing edge of the pulse, at the same time setting the code of the trailing edge Z on its code output. Now, in the multi-bit RAM cell, according to the pulses of the generator 1 received at the clock input of RAM, it is written the code of the trailing edge of the pulse Z for the second group of information inputs m and the current content of the first counter Z, which is supplied to the first group of information inputs n + 1 RAM through the second counter 5.

.With the arrival of the trailing edge of the pulse (Fig. 3) to the first input bus 9 of the meter, the control unit 2 generates a short pulse at its first output (Fig. 2, signal УУ1), according to which the contents of the third counter 6 change, and the RAM cell address also changes . The code corresponding to the position of the trailing edge of the pulse relative to the reference pulse and equal to

.

 After the formation of a short pulse at the first output of the control unit 2, it returns the meter to its original state. With the arrival of the next pulse on the first bus 9 of the meter, the sequence of its work is repeated.

Second mode of operation
When choosing this operating mode of the meter, the position of the leading edges and pulse durations are measured. In this mode, the control unit 2 sets the leading edge code P of the pulse on the output code bus m. With the arrival of the leading edge of the pulse to the first input bus 9 of the meter (Fig. 4, mode 2), the control unit 2 generates short pulses at its first and third outputs (Fig. 2, signal УУ1, УУ4), and sets the active level at the second output signal (Fig. 2, signal UU3).

По УУ4 устанавливается в исходное состояние второй счетчик 5.According to U1, the contents of the third counter 6 are changed, and the address of the RAM cell is changed accordingly. In the old RAM cell, the code corresponding to the position of the leading edge of the pulse relative to the reference pulse and equal to

According to УУ4, the second counter 5 is initialized.

 According to УУ3, the recording of the contents of the first counter 3 to the second 5 is prohibited at the input of record L of the second counter 5, and at the same time, the passage of clock pulses from the generator 1 to the counting input C of the second counter 5 through the second input of the element And 4 is allowed. From then on, the contents of the first 3 and second 5 The counters will be different.

 After the formation of short pulses is completed, the control unit 2 puts the meter into the pulse duration counting mode, at the same time setting the pulse duration code D on its code output. Now, in the multi-bit RAM cell, according to the pulses of the generator 1 arriving at the clock input of the RAM, the pulse width code D is written for the second the group of information inputs m and the current contents of the second counter 5, arriving at the first group of information inputs n + 1 RAM.

По снятию активного уровня УУ3 блокируется, элементом И 4, прохождение импульсов с генератора 1 на счетный вход С второго счетчика 5, одновременно разрешая по входу записи L перепись содержимого с выхода первого счетчика 3 во второй 5. Измеритель возвращается в исходное состояние.With the arrival of the trailing edge of the pulse (Fig. 4, mode 2) to the first input bus 9 of the meter, the control unit 2 generates a short pulse at its first output (Fig. 2, signal U1) and the active level is removed from the third output (Fig. 2, signal UU3). According to U1, the contents of the third counter 6 are changed, and the address of the RAM cell is changed accordingly. In the old RAM cell, a code corresponding to the pulse width and equal to

Upon removal of the active level, the УУ3 is blocked, by the AND element 4, the passage of pulses from the generator 1 to the counting input C of the second counter 5, while simultaneously allowing the recording of content L from the output of the first counter 3 to the second 5 at the input of the recording L. The meter returns to its original state.

 With the arrival of the next pulse on the first bus 9 of the meter, the sequence of its work is repeated.

Third mode of operation
When choosing this mode of operation of the meter, the position of the leading edges and the position of the midpoints of the pulses are measured. In this mode, the control unit 2 sets the leading edge code P of the pulse on the output code bus m. With the arrival of the leading edge of the pulse to the first input bus 9 of the meter (Fig. 4, mode 3), the control unit 2 generates a short pulse at its first output (Fig. 2, signal УУ1), and sets the active signal level at the second output (Fig. 4). 2, signal UU3).

По УУ3 запрещается перепись содержимого первого счетчика 3 во второй 5 по входу записи L второго счетчика 5 и одновременно разрешается прохождение тактовых импульсов от генератора 1 на счетный вход С второго счетчика 5 через второй вход элемента И 4. С этого момента содержимое первого 3 и второго 5 счетчиков будет различным.According to U1, the contents of the third counter 6 are changed, and the address of the RAM cell is changed accordingly. In the old RAM cell, the code corresponding to the position of the leading edge of the pulse relative to the reference pulse and equal to

According to УУ3, it is forbidden to copy the contents of the first counter 3 to the second 5 at the input of the L recording of the second counter 5 and at the same time, the passage of clock pulses from the generator 1 to the counting input C of the second counter 5 through the second input of the element And 4. It is allowed The counters will be different.

 After the formation of short pulses is completed, the control unit 2 puts the meter into the mode of counting the position of the middle of the pulse, at the same time setting the code for the middle of the pulse C on its code output. Now, in the multi-bit RAM cell, the pulses of the middle of the pulse C are written by the pulses of the generator 1 to the clock input of the RAM for the second group of information inputs m and the current content of the second counter 5, which enters the first group of information inputs n + 1 RAM.

По снятию активного уровня УУ3 блокируется, элементом И 4, прохождение импульсов с генератора 1 на счетный вход С второго счетчика 5, одновременно разрешая, по входу записи L второго счетчика 5 перепись содержимого с выхода первого счетчика 3 во второй 5. Измеритель возвращается в исходное состояние.With the arrival of the trailing edge of the pulse (Fig. 4, mode 3) to the first input bus 9 of the meter, the control unit 2 generates a short pulse at its first output (Fig. 2, signal U1) and the active level is removed from the third output (Fig. 2, signal UU3). According to U1, the contents of the third counter 6 are changed, and the address of the RAM cell is changed accordingly. In the old RAM cell, the code corresponding to the position of the middle of the pulse and equal to

Upon removal of the active level, УУ3 is blocked, by the AND element 4, the passage of pulses from the generator 1 to the counting input C of the second counter 5, while simultaneously allowing, by the input of the L record of the second counter 5, the contents are transferred from the output of the first counter 3 to the second 5. The meter returns to its original state .

 With the arrival of the next pulse on the first bus 9 of the meter, the sequence of its work is repeated.

Fourth mode of operation
When choosing this mode of operation of the meter, the position of the midpoints of the pulses is measured. In this mode, the control unit 2 sets the position code of the middle C pulse on the output code bus m. With the arrival of the leading edge of the pulse to the first input bus 9 of the meter of FIG. 4, mode 4, control unit 2 generates an active signal level at its second output (Fig. 2, signal UU3). According to УУ3, the contents of the first counter 3 can not be copied to the second 5, at the input of the L record of the second counter 5, and at the same time, the passage of clock pulses from the generator 1 to the counting input C of the second counter 5 through the second input of the element And 4. It is allowed The second 5 counters will be different.

 Now, in the multi-bit RAM cell, according to the pulses of the generator 1 arriving at the clock input of the RAM, the position code of the middle of the pulse C is recorded for the second group of information inputs m and the current content of the second counter 5, arriving at the first group of information inputs n + 1 RAM.

По снятию активного уровня УУ3 блокируется, элементом И 4, прохождение импульсов с генератора 1 на счетный вход С второго счетчика 5, одновременно разрешая по входу записи L перепись содержимого с выхода первого счетчика 3 во второй 5. Измеритель возвращается в исходное состояние.With the arrival of the trailing edge of the pulse (Fig. 4, mode 4) to the first input bus 9 of the meter, the control unit 2 generates a short pulse at its first output of FIG. 2, the signal UU1 and the active level is removed from the second output (Fig. 2, the signal UU3). According to U1, the contents of the third counter 6 are changed, and the address of the RAM cell is changed accordingly. In the old RAM cell, a code corresponding to the position of the middle of the pulse and equal to

Upon removal of the active level, the УУ3 is blocked, by the AND element 4, the passage of pulses from the generator 1 to the counting input C of the second counter 5, while simultaneously allowing the recording of content L from the output of the first counter 3 to the second 5 at the input of the recording L. The meter returns to its original state.

 With the arrival of the next pulse on the first bus 9 of the meter, the sequence of its work is repeated.

As a generator 1, a microcircuit 531LA3 can be used; as the first, second and third counters K155IE7 microcircuits can be used; as a random access memory can be used chip 155RP1 K155IR32; as an element And can be used chip 531LI1 [2]
The control unit of FIG. 5 can be performed on the basis of read-only memory 12, the first and second address inputs of which are connected to the first and second outputs of read-only memory 12, respectively, the third 8 and fourth 9 address inputs of read-only memory 12 are respectively information and signal inputs of the control unit 2, the first output 13, the output code bus 14, the second 15 and third 16 outputs of which are respectively the third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs of read-only memory moreover, for the third address input 8 and the output code bus 14, two binary digits are used.

 When using positive logic and four meter operation modes, the firmware table of the read-only memory device is shown in FIG. 6, while the information input occupies two address buses, and the output code bus has two ROM outputs. The first of the described operating modes of the meter corresponds to code 00, second 01, third 10, fourth 11. The output code of the leading edge of the pulse P corresponds to a binary number 10; trailing edge 3 01; duration D 00; mid pulse C 11.

 The control node on the ROM works as follows.

 Upon receipt at the information input 8 of the control node of the meter operating mode code on the output code bus 14, one of the codes P, 3, D, C is formed (Fig. 6, lines 1, 7, 13, 19). With the arrival of a pulse at the signal input 9 of the control unit (Fig. 6, column 5) of the inputs of the ROM, signals of the internal cycle of the operation of the control unit (Fig. 6, columns 1, 2) of the inputs and outputs of the ROM are generated. If it is necessary to generate a short pulse in the operation cycle of the control unit (Fig. 6, lines 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 22), then the transition from address 00XX1 to address 10XX1 and then to address 01XX1 for lines 2, 8 , 14 or the transition from the address 01XX0 through the address 11XX0 to the address 00XX0 for lines 5, 11, 17, 22. The states 00XX0 and 01XX1 are stable and the control unit can only be output from them by changing the value in the fifth column of the input signals, which corresponds to a change in level at the signal input 9 of the control node.

 As ROM can be used chip 155REZ.

 Thus, the proposed universal pulse position meter provides not only the position of the midpoints of pulses in a series of pulses, but also the position of the edges of the pulses and their durations.

Sources of information
1. Auth. testimonial. (Patent) N 01659977, cl. G 04 F 10/04, 1991.

 2. Shilo V.L. Popular Digital Chips: A Guide. M. Metallurgy, 1988.

Claims (2)

 1. A universal pulse position meter, comprising a first input bus and a third counter, the outputs of which are connected to the address inputs of random access memory, the outputs of which are the outputs of the meter, the second input bus of which is connected to the installation input of the first counter, the counting input of which is connected to the output of the generator and a clock input of random access memory, the first group of information inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the second counter, the counting input of which is connected to one element And, the first input of which is connected to the recording input of the second counter, characterized in that a code bus and a control unit are inserted into it, the information inputs of which are connected to the code bus of the meter, the first input bus of which is connected to the signal input of the control unit, the code output bus which is connected to the second group of information inputs of random access memory, the first output of the control unit is connected to the counting input of the third counter, the second output to the first input of the And element, the second input which is connected to the output of the generator, the third output of the control unit is connected to the installation input of the second counter, the highest information bits of which are connected to the output of the first counter, and a signal of a constant logic level is supplied to the lowest information bit.  2. The meter according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit is made on read-only memory, the first and second address inputs of which are connected to the first and second outputs of read-only memory, respectively, the third and fourth address inputs of read-only memory are respectively code and signal the inputs of the control node, the first output, the code output bus, the second and third outputs of which are respectively the third sixth outputs of read-only memory.

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