RU2093107C1 - Method (alternatives) for preserving paradontous and malstanding (loose) teeth - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; orthopedic stomatology. SUBSTANCE: back surface of healthy teeth to be preserved and intended to serve as support is subjected to treatment with acid (so-called "etching"). Jumper piece filled with soft composite, such as, e.g. "Alphadent" hardenable under effect of lamp, such as, e.g. "Litex" lamp, is placed onto teeth thus-treated. If necessary (when teen are subjected to great loads), on stomatologist's recommendation, identical anterior jumper piece can be placed. To impart to whole structure greater strength, anterior jumper is connected with posterior one through spaces between teeth to be preserved and healthy teeth to serve as support. In this case, whole structure becomes highly rigid and reminds "casing" structure. EFFECT: useful invention for handling difficult cases. 5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, to the fields of dentistry and prosthetics.

 Known methods of treating and preserving periodontal and poorly sitting in the jaw and gums staggering teeth (see the big medical encyclopedia, art. Dentistry and prosthetics).

 In known methods, as a rule, attempts are made to cure periodontal disease, remove, treat and transplant the same teeth again; in such cases often failures, tooth rejection, etc.

 In addition, in neglected cases, when part of the teeth is prone to incurable periodontal disease or for other reasons it is poorly held in the jaw and gums (loose), they are removed and replaced with a prosthesis, which may have a console or bridge construction.

 As mentioned above, in the resulting gaps between healthy teeth are installed prostheses-console or dentures-bridges.

 With fixed prostheses, these structures are fixed with support crowns mounted on significantly sharpened, healthy teeth, from which nerves are removed, i.e. teeth become dead. These operations lead to a partial loss of their functions (after turning, teeth without crowns, as a rule, are unsuitable for chewing) and a partial loss of their quality.

 This method contains the above disadvantages, including tooth extraction and associated pain, trauma to the patient and loss of teeth that can still serve, a very unpleasant operation to remove nerves and to grind healthy teeth, requires the manufacture of support crowns (including expensive gold, cermet, steel, plastic, porcelain, etc.) associated with a prosthesis (bridge or console), which requires artificial teeth made of the same materials as the crowns in the material of the prosthesis itself (plastic mass, polymers, etc.).

 As you know, the manufacture of prostheses requires the manufacture of casts and relatively significant material costs.

 In addition to these disadvantages, the inconvenience is associated with the need for a certain period of time between the removal of the swinging teeth and the installation of the prosthesis. This period is necessary for the healing of the gums after extraction, the preparation of abutment teeth for prosthetics, the production of casts and the prosthesis itself, the operations of its installation and fitting.

 Replacing removed periodontal or swinging teeth with a volumetric prosthesis in existing methods has the same disadvantages as with fixed prosthetics, except for the need for supporting crowns and preparation of healthy supporting teeth (turning, nerve removal), but has other disadvantages, including the possibility of getting a significant amount of food under the prosthesis, with prolonged use, the prosthesis can crawl when eating food in the presence of people and sound, unpleasant interference, in the same cases it often creates a braid metrical and other inconveniences, destroys healthy teeth and gums with hooks with which he holds, these factors very often injure the patient and just as often violate the harmony of relationships between love partners and spouses, and are the reasons for failed meetings, ties and marriages, their causes termination and cause stress and inferiority complexes.

 As follows from the above, in the event that it is not possible to preserve staggering teeth by existing methods, until now their replacement has entailed a laborious, long, painful and expensive technological process of removal and prosthetics.

 The present invention proposes to eliminate these drawbacks, including the preservation of periodontal and staggering (poorly held in the jaw and gums) teeth.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that a jumper is installed between the healthy and staggering in cases of the console and between the swinging teeth and the healthy ones with the bridge structure (see Fig. 1 5).

 The jumper is made of a soft composite, for example, α-dent hardening under the influence of a lamp, for example, such as Litex.

 The composite for the lintel is superimposed on the treated surface (for example, pickling is supplied with the composite) with acid (usually the back) of the tooth.

 The dimensions of the jumper with the cantilever structure and with the pavement depend on the size of the teeth: height, diameter or thickness and width and can be as follows: height from 4.5 to 8 mm, the width with the cantilever structure must be equal to the width of the healthy tooth on which the tooth is supported plus the distance between these teeth and plus the width of the retained tooth, the thickness of the bridge (in the thickest part) should be from 2.0 to 4.5 mm and reduced by a soft composite of 0.2 -0.3 mm to the chewing surface (edge) on its entire width.

 With a bridge structure, on a straight section of the jaw, the jumper is installed in the same way as with the console structure, with the only difference that the jumper rests on its edges with two healthy teeth, and the width of each of the edges of the jumper should be equal to the width of the supporting healthy tooth plus the distance between supporting and retained teeth.

 With a bridge structure, in a curved section of the jaw, a jumper made with a soft composite should retain the curvature formed by the back walls of the loose and abutment teeth.

With the posterior jumper in cases where the distance between adjacent teeth is from 0.5 mm or more, it is performed to the entire height of the retained tooth (from the gum to the chewing surface), and the vertical grooves between adjacent teeth are filled with composite and processed so that in the transverse the cross-section of these teeth, these grooves formed an angle, the sides of which lie on the lateral surfaces of the retained and abutment teeth, and the vertex of the angle would be on the wall of the bridge, in this case, to preserve the cosmetic effect, the composite should ene be selected in the color of the tooth enamel. If necessary (with heavy loads on the teeth), the rear jumper, on the recommendation of the dentist, can be reinforced with heat-treated (surface hardened or cemented), stainless steel rod or plate with a cross-sectional area of 1.5 to 3 mm ² .

 If the reliability of one back jumper is insufficient, on the recommendation of the dentist individually, for individual cases, a second jumper can be installed on the front of the teeth (front jumper).

 In this case, it can be performed to the entire height of the tooth (from the gum to the chewing surface), in addition to the strength functions, the jumper (front) can also serve cosmetic purposes, for example, to hide various tooth defects (including color), the jumper can also be applied and on the part of the teeth, in the height at which it is installed.

 All of the above size recommendations, applying the composite for the jumper, etc. regarding the rear jumper, apply to the front; in addition, to preserve the aesthetic and cosmetic effects, cosmetic grooves should be applied in the places that existed, and the composite layer between the wall of the groove and the tooth must be at least 1 mm.

 To create a single supporting structure (holder), which significantly increases its strength and reliability, connect the composite front jumper with the back through the gaps between the teeth stored and maintained and supporting; if necessary, for reliable connection of the jumpers, the said intervals are increased to 2 3 mm due to staggering teeth using acid - "etching".

The list of drawings:
FIG. 1 cantilever design for staggering tooth, view from the back of the jumper;
FIG. 2 is a section along A-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 bridge construction for saving staggering teeth, view from the jumper side;
FIG. 4 is a section along A-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a section along BC of FIG. 3.

 In FIG. 1 shows a cantilever structure for maintaining a loose tooth 1 located in the gum 2 and jaw 3, connected to a healthy, supporting tooth 4 with a rear jumper 5, and if necessary, a front jumper 6; figure 2 shows a section along the AB console (figure 1).

 Figure 3 shows a bridge structure for preserving a group of staggering teeth 1 located in the gum 2 and jaw 3, connected to each other and to healthy abutment teeth 4 by the rear (if necessary reinforced with steel) stainless steel reinforcement 7) by a jumper 5 and, if necessary, also connected front jumper 6.

 Figures 4 and 5, respectively, depict sections A-B and B-C.

 Thus, the proposed method for saving staggering teeth, including the processes of manufacturing and installation of supporting structures, makes it possible to avoid the long, laborious, painful and expensive technological processes of removal and prosthetics.

Claims (5)

 1. The method of splinting (preservation) of periodontal and staggering teeth by applying fixing elements made of composite material, characterized in that, with the cantilever design of the fixing element, it is performed in the form of a single jumper installed between the supporting and retained teeth, with small loads on them, fixing the element is made in the form of front and rear jumpers with significant loads on these teeth, while the front and rear jumpers form a single supporting fixing element, and the fixing elements T soft composite Alfadent e.g., tooth enamel color, hardenable under the influence of the lamp, for example Litex, or chemical composite is superimposed on the front and lingual surfaces of teeth, prepared by acid pickling.  2. The method of splinting (saving) periodontal and staggering teeth by applying fixing elements made of composite material, characterized in that when the bridge structure of the fixing element is installed on two extreme teeth relative to the installed structure using the front and rear jumpers forming a single supporting a fixing element, while the fixing support element is made of a soft composite, for example Alfident, the color of tooth enamel hardening under the influence of a lamp, for example Litex, silt chemical composite is superimposed on the front and rear surfaces of the teeth, prepared by acid pickling.  3. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that to preserve the aesthetic and cosmetic effects, the distances between the retained and retained and abutment teeth are filled with a composite of the color of the tooth enamel and processed so that the vertical grooves in the cross section of these teeth form an angle, the sides of which lie on the lateral surfaces retained teeth, and the vertex of the corner was on the wall of the jumper.  4. The method according to p. 2, characterized in that the rear jumper is reinforced with heat-treated steel stainless rod or strip.  5. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that on the front surface of the teeth, a front jumper is installed, made similar to the back, which is connected by a composite to the back through the gaps between the teeth, which are stored and maintained and supporting, and the distance between the loose teeth is increased to 2 3 mm by etching due to preserved, vertical cosmetic grooves between the teeth are made in such a way that the composite layer between the wall of the groove and the tooth is not less than 1 mm.

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